哺乳犊牛的消化特点与蛋白质需要   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李辉  刁其玉 《中国饲料》2005,(21):22-24

本文从犊牛的消化生理特点出发,综述了犊牛出生后的生理特征及蛋白质、必需氨基酸的需要量,并对代乳品中蛋白质原料进行了论述。  相似文献   

代乳粉用于早期断奶犊牛的效果研究   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

刁其玉  张乃锋  刘文忠  祖致富  袁耀明 《乳业科学与技术》2004,27(2):70-73

犊牛使用代乳品可以节省鲜奶，降低饲养成本，控制疾病的发生，促进消化系统的发育。试验用24头犊牛做试验，60日龄断奶。结果表明，代乳品组犊牛增重47．55千克；对照组增重41．72千克；吃代乳品的犊牛在30-60日龄的日增重达到1026克，高于对照组103克。吃代乳品的犊牛每增重1千克的直接饲料成本为15．13元，比鲜奶组犊牛低2．14元／千克。  相似文献   

茶黄酮对无角多赛特羊生长和呼吸道疾病的影响     

张乃锋  刁其玉  丁金芝  唐全生 《中国草食动物》2005,25(5):46-47

选择平均体重为26．6kg的无角多赛特断奶大羔羊22只．平均体重为49．3kg的无角多赛特育成羊48只，分别分为对照组和试验组，试验组羊只精料补充料中添加300mg／kg的茶黄酮，研究茶黄酮对羊只生长和呼吸道疾病的影响。结果表明，添加茶黄酮可提高羔羊和育成羊的增重效果．和对照组比较羔羊提高增量9．8%（P〉0．05），育成羊提高增重6．1%（P〉0．05）；在饲料中添加茶黄酮可使羔羊呼吸道疾病发病率降低64%，使育成羊呼吸道疾病发病率降低50%，可有效预防羊的呼吸道疾病。  相似文献   

棘孢木霉葡聚糖酶基因Glu1的克隆及原核表达     

刁桂萍  杨帅  遇文婧 《草业科学》2018,35(7):1685-1694

从棘孢木霉(Trichoderma asperellum)ACCC30536中克隆获得一个葡聚糖酶基因Glu1,其cDNA全长984bp,编码327个氨基酸。该葡聚糖酶属于Glyco-hydro-12家族,推测为β-1,4-葡聚糖酶,与深绿木霉IMI 206040的Glycohydro-12家族蛋白(XP_013940397.1)有91%相似性,且亲缘关系较近。运用qRT-PCR技术检测9种诱导条件下棘孢木霉Glu1基因的表达水平,结果表明,Glu1基因能参与棘孢木霉对山新杨(Populus davidiana×P.alba var.pyramidlis)或杨树病原菌的识别。构建原核表达载体并获得重组蛋白rGlu1。酶活特性分析结果表明,该酶最适pH为4.5,最适温度为45℃,且酶活性随诱导时间延长逐渐升高,在5h达到稳定。  相似文献   

Effect of urea supplementation on performance and safety in diets of Dorper crossbred sheep          下载免费PDF全文

B. Wang  T. Ma  K.‐D. Deng  C.‐G. Jiang  Q.‐Y. Diao 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(5):902-910

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dietary urea in sheep rations having a 50:50 concentrate:roughage ratio. Sixty‐four Dorper × thin‐tailed Han crossbred ram lambs with an average body weight of 30.8 (±0.02) kg were randomly divided into four groups of 16 sheep each, and each group was fed one of the following diets: a basal diet (CON), or CON supplemented with 0.5% (0.5UTM), 1.5% (1.5UTM) or 2.5% (2.5UTM) urea. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, non‐carcass offals, meat quality and peptic tissue lesions were assayed. The average daily weight gains for CON, 0.5UTM, 1.5UTM and 2.5UTM were 216, 218, 200 and 170 g, respectively, with the CON and 0.5UTM groups higher than 2.5UTM group (p < 0.05). Sheep from the 2.5UTM treatment had a significantly lower dry matter intake (1.29 kg/day) than those from the CON and 0.5UTM treatments (1.42 and 1.43 kg/day, p < 0.05), and the feed conversion ratio in the 2.5UTM group was the highest (p < 0.05). Carcass characteristics, including shrunk body weight, empty body weight, hot carcass weight, dress percentage, and the absolute or relative weight (% body weight) of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney, were not altered by the treatments (p > 0.05). The muscular pH of 2.5UTM was higher than that of CON (5.68 vs. 5.52, p < 0.05), and shear force in 0.5UTM was lower compared with CON and 2.5UTM (p < 0.05). The anatomical structure lesions in kidneys became more serious with the increasing dietary urea concentrations, with the 2.5UTM animals showing the most severe lesions compared with CON animals. Therefore, supplementary urea as a non‐protein nitrogen source for sheep should not exceed 1.5% of ration having a 50:50 concentrate:roughage ratio to ensure efficacy and safety.  相似文献   

Mutant-prevention concentrations of enrofloxacin for Escherichia coli isolates from chickens     

Li Q  Bi X  Diao Y  Deng X 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(8):812-815

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the development of enrofloxacin resistance among Escherichia coli isolates obtained from chickens by determining mutant-prevention concentrations (MPCs) and sequence the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and parC genes in selected isolates. SAMPLE POPULATION: 15 chicken-derived E coli isolates. PROCEDURES: For all isolates, MPC and minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of enrofloxacin were determined. The MPCs and maximum serum drug concentrations attained with enrofloxacin doses recommended for treatment of E coli infections in chickens were compared. Mutation frequencies and QRDR sequence changes in gyrA and parC were also determined. RESULTS: In 2 of 15 E coli strains, MPCs were low (0.016 and 0.062 microg/mL), MPC:MIC ratios were 2 and 4, and the GyrA and ParC proteins had no mutations. In 9 susceptible isolates with a GyrA point mutation, MPCs ranged from 2 to 16 microg/mL. For isolates with double mutations in GyrA and a single mutation in ParC, MPCs were > 32 microg/mL (several fold greater than the maximal plasma concentration of enrofloxacin in chickens); mutation frequencies were also much lower, compared with frequencies for single-mutation isolates. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For E coli infections of chickens, MPC appears to be useful for determining enrofloxacin-dosing strategies. The high MPC:MIC ratio may result in enrofloxacin-treatment failure in chickens infected with some wild-type gyrA E coli isolates despite the isolates' enrofloxacin susceptibility (MICs 0.125 to 1 microg/mL). For infections involving isolates with high MPCs, especially those containing mutations in gyrA and parC genes, treatment with combinations of antimicrobials should be adopted.  相似文献   

天女木兰的物候及生长过程   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜凤国  刁绍起  王欢  刘春强  杨德冒  孙曙光  王子明 《东北林业大学学报》2006,34(6):39-40

对生长于北华大学林学院树木园内的天女木兰进行物候观测,并将物候与气象因子紧密结合,揭示了天女木兰的物候规律。同时通过对天女木兰的树干解析,找出了野生天女木兰树木的生长规律,从而为天女木兰的保育和开发利用提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

五个典型柑桔品种的落花落果规律调查     

王男麒  彭良志  冉渝  邢飞  黄翼  周薇  唐玉琴  吴玉婷  刁莉华 《中国果业信息》2013,42(6)

以成年纽荷尔脐橙、兴津温州蜜柑、沙田柚、尤力克柠檬和圆金柑为材料,探索其花果脱落规律。结果表明,最终坐果率与总花量（含花蕾）显著负相关（P < 0.01）;平均单株花果脱落总数量为兴津温州蜜柑 > 纽荷尔脐橙 > 沙田柚 > 圆金柑 > 尤力克柠檬;平均单株花果脱落总干重为兴津温州蜜柑 > 纽荷尔脐橙 > 沙田柚 > 尤力克柠檬 > 圆金柑;纽荷尔脐橙、兴津温州蜜柑和沙田柚第一次生理落果数量大于第二次生理落果,尤力克柠檬和圆金柑第二次生理落果数量大于第一次生理落果。因此,纽荷尔脐橙、兴津温州蜜柑和沙田柚应重点防止第一次生理落果,尤力克柠檬和圆金柑应重点防止第二次生理落果。  相似文献   

莲膨胀素基因的克隆及其序列分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王曼玲  朱虹琳  董臣  刁英  周明全  胡中立 《分子植物育种》2006,4(5):640-644

膨胀素是一类存在于植物细胞壁上,并能快速缓冲张力,使植物细胞壁松驰的蛋白质。以中国莲幼叶总RNA反转录所得的cDNA为模板,设计简并引物,用PCR方法成功扩增出expansin部分序列,经克隆测序,得到长度在531-532bp的序列共3个,编码177个氨基酸,而且均存在expansin的保守区域。与其它物种,如杂交杨树、烟草、杂交葡萄、野马铃薯、樱桃等物种的expansin相比,核苷酸相似性为84％-85％,氨基酸序列相似性为86%-99％。莲expansin的成功克隆为研究莲的生长发育以及莲品种的改良等打下了良好的基础。  相似文献   

四种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性的影响     

李海平  张丛  牛婧玮  常静  刁青云 《植物保护学报》2019,46(1):224-229

为明确菊酯类杀虫剂对昆虫线粒体膜流动性的影响,以1,6-二苯基-1,3,5-己三烯（1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene,DPH）为荧光探剂,采用荧光偏振法研究了4种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫Aphis sp.线粒体膜流动性的影响。结果表明,4种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性均有显著影响,其荧光偏振度显著增大,线粒体膜流动性显著减小。当药剂浓度为100 μmol/L时,对照组枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.239,高效氯氰菊酯的影响最大,线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.315,联苯菊酯的影响最小,线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.287。4种菊酯类杀虫剂对线粒体膜流动性的影响都存在一定的浓度效应,当药剂浓度在0~100 μmol/L范围内,浓度越大影响越大。4种菊酯类杀虫剂在不同温度下对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性的影响不同,高效氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯和甲氰菊酯对线粒体膜流动性的影响基本不受温度影响,而氯菊酯在高温条件下产生的影响大,在低温条件下产生的影响小,表现为明显的正温度系数。表明DPH可以作为荧光探剂研究枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜的流动性。  相似文献