Importance of Some Biochemical Parameters in the Quality and Yield of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)     

R. Iori    O. Leoni    L. Lazzeri    G. Mosca  S. Palmieri 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1991,167(2):91-95

Samples of rapeseed from three Italian growing environments (Bologna, Perugia and Palermo) were analysed for glucose content and dry weight of 1000 seeds every three or four days starting from the end of flowering until complete ripening. In addition, the content of oil, soluble and total proteins, glucosinolates and myrosinase activity was determined in samples of mature seeds. The cultivars used were jet Neuf and Lingot (type 0) and Tandem, Jade and Santana (type 00). From the results it emerged that the point of intersection of the two branches of the linear regression plots for different glucose-consumption kinetics found during seed filling, in addition to being strongly affected by the climate of the test environment, is correlated with quantitative and qualitative production, independently of the genotype.  相似文献   

Historical spatial baselines in conservation and management of marine resources     

Massimiliano Cardinale  Valerio Bartolino  Marcos Llope  Luigi Maiorano  Mattias Sköld  Jacob Hagberg 《Fish and Fisheries》2011,12(3):289-298

Increased knowledge on the spatial distribution of marine resources is crucial for the implementation of a true ecosystem approach to management and the conservation of marine organisms. For exploited fish species characterized by aggregation behaviour during spawning time, the identification and tracking of spawning areas is essential for a correct assessment of their productivity and population abundance. To elucidate this concept, we reconstructed the spatio‐temporal distribution of adult plaice (Pleuronectes platessa, Pleuronectidae) during spawning time along the 20^th century. Historical data reveal that not only the abundance but also the former population richness was much higher than previously estimated and has declined because of protracted over‐exploitation during the last 30 years. We conclude that forecast of stock recovery to former levels of abundance neglecting spatial reorganizations might be over‐optimistic and shaded by a lost memory of the past population richness. These results reinforce the importance of managing exploited marine resources at a greater spatial resolution than has been carried out in the history of fishery management.  相似文献   

Vibrational mating disruption of Empoasca vitis by natural or artificial disturbance noises     

Rachele Nieri  Valerio Mazzoni 《Pest management science》2019,75(4):1065-1073

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Real-time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction detection and quantification of cow DNA in pure water buffalo mozzarella cheese: method validation and its application on commercial samples     

Lopparelli RM  Cardazzo B  Balzan S  Giaccone V  Novelli E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(9):3429-3434

Mozzarella cheese obtained from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk is a typical Italian product certificated by means of the European Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). Mozzarella cheese can also be obtained from bovine milk or bovine/buffalo milk mixtures, but in this case, it cannot be sold as PDO product, and its label must report the actual ingredients. However, bovine milk in PDO products was frequently detected in the past, suggesting fraudulent addition or accidental contamination. Several methods based on end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have been profitably applied in a large number of tests to detect the presence of undeclared ingredients, also in dairy products. In the present study we report a real-time PCR method able to quantify bovine milk addition to pure buffalo cheese products. We validated a normalized procedure based on two targets: bovine mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) to detect and quantify the bovine DNA and nuclear growth hormone (GH) gene used as a universal reference marker. With the use of this real-time PCR assay, 64 commercial mozzarella di bufala cheese samples purchased at local supermarkets, dairy shops, or directly from cheese manufacturers were analyzed. The results obtained demonstrate that most of the commercial samples were contaminated with bovine milk. Therefore, this assay could be conveniently employed to carry out routine and accurate controls aimed not only to discourage any fraudulent behavior but also to reduce risks for consumer health.  相似文献   

alpha(1)-Acid glycoprotein modulates apoptosis in bovine monocytes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ceciliani F  Pocacqua V  Miranda-Ribera A  Bronzo V  Lecchi C  Sartorelli P 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,116(3-4):145-152

alpha(1)-Acid glycoprotein (AGP, orosomucoid) is a normal constituent of bovine blood. AGP is an immunocalin, a binding protein that can also exert several immunomodulatory functions. In this paper we investigated the effect of bovine alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (boAGP) on spontaneous and staurosporine-induced apoptosis of blood derived monocytes purified using magnetic cell sorting techniques. Bovine AGP was purified from blood following a chromatographic protocol. The homogeneous protein was used to stimulate the cells as well to raise a polyclonal antibody, that was used throughout all the experiments. When monocytes were incubated with high concentrations of boAGP (0.9 mg/ml), similar to those found in bovine plasma during systemic reaction to inflammation, their spontaneous apoptosis rate was suppressed, as determined by caspase-3/7 enzymatic activity assay. Similar results were obtained when apoptosis was induced by adding staurosporine, a potent protein kinase inhibitor. The apoptosis-modulating activity of boAGP was dependent on its concentration, since physiological concentrations of boAGP (0.3 mg/ml) did not exhibit a statistically significative anti-apoptotic activity. We also investigated whether this apoptosis-modulating activity was dependent on the terminal sialic acid residues exposed on the surface of the protein. Enzymatic treatment with neuraminidase, that cleaves terminal sialic acid residues, completely abolished boAGP's anti-apoptotic activity. These results suggest that the protective effect of AGP is likely mediated by its sialic acid terminal groups.  相似文献   

Structure, reactivity and spectroscopic properties of minerals from lateritic soils: insights from ab initio calculations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. Balan    M. Lazzeri    F. Mauri  & G. Calas 《European Journal of Soil Science》2007,58(4):870-881

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High levels of genetic differentiation between Wolbachia-infected and non-infected populations of Folsomia candida (Collembola, Isotomidae)     

Francesco Frati  Ilaria Negri  Pietro P. Fanciulli  Marco Pellecchia  Vincenzo De Paola  Valerio Scali  Romano Dallai 《Pedobiologia》2004,48(5-6):461-468

The Gram-negative -Proteobacterium Wolbachia pipientis has been described as an obligate endosymbiont in many arthropod species, where it induces a variety of reproductive alterations, including parthenogenesis. Recently, this microorganism has also been detected in the parthenogenetic collembolan Folsomia candida. Here, we confirm the occurrence of the endosymbiont also in two Italian parthenogenetic populations of F. candida using ultrastructural (electron microscopy) and molecular (PCR screening on two bacterial genes) evidence. The strain isolated in the Italian populations has almost-identical gene sequences compared to that previously isolated in other populations of F. candida. In addition, we discovered a population of Folsomia cf. candida, which showed the presence of both males and females. This population is not infected by Wolbachia. A screening of two mitochondrial genes (COI and COII) showed that the bisexual population has high levels of genetic divergence in comparison with the parthenogenetic ones, even suggesting the possibility that it belongs to a different species. Furthermore, the remarkably high levels of genetic divergence between the two parthenogenetic populations suggests a possible influence of Wolbachia on inducing such differentiation, and, in the long term, speciation.  相似文献   

Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B differentially modulate inflammatory microRNAs in bovine monocytes     

Dilda F  Gioia G  Pisani L  Restelli L  Lecchi C  Albonico F  Bronzo V  Mortarino M  Ceciliani F 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,192(3):514-516

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of regulatory molecules involved in many physiological processes, including activation of cells of the immune system. This study investigated the effect of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) on the expression of five miRNAs involved in the inflammatory response, including miR-9, miR-125 b, miR-155, miR-146 a and miR-223, in bovine CD14(+) cells (monocytes). Incubation of monocytes with SEB induced down-regulation of miR-155, miR-223 and miR-125 b, but not the anti-inflammatory miRNA miR-146 a. Conversely, incubation with LPS upregulated both miR-155 and miR-146 a. In vitro incubation of isolated CD14(+) bovine monocytes with LPS and SEB elicited different and opposite expression of miRNAs reportedly involved in inflammatory reactions.  相似文献   

Fungitoxic activity of four thio-functionalised glucosinolate enzyme-derived products on ten soil-borne pathogens     

Luisa M Manici  Onofrio Leoni  Luca Lazzeri  Stefania Galletti  Sandro Palmieri 《Pest management science》1999,55(4):486-488

Enzyme-derived products obtained from thio-functionalised glucosinolates showed high fungitoxicity, a wide activity spectrum and special physicochemical properties, which suggest their potential as alternatives to commercial fumigants for controlling several soil-borne pathogens. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Drosophila suzukii population response to environment and management strategies     

Nik G. Wiman  Daniel T. Dalton  Gianfranco Anfora  Antonio Biondi  Joanna C. Chiu  Kent M. Daane  Beverly Gerdeman  Angela Gottardello  Kelly A. Hamby  Rufus Isaacs  Alberto Grassi  Claudio Ioriatti  Jana C. Lee  Betsey Miller  M. Valerio Rossi Stacconi  Peter W. Shearer  Lynell Tanigoshi  Xingeng Wang  Vaughn M. Walton 《Journal of pest science》2016,89(3):653-665

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