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D. A. HOLLAND 《European Journal of Soil Science》1969,20(1):132-140
The application of regression theory to the construction of calibration curves for the estimation of water content from an observed radiation count is possible only when the relationship between count and water content is linear, a homogeneous error applies to the dependent variate, count, whatever its value, and the independent variate, water content, is determined free of error. Determination of the errors of estimation is further complicated by the necessity to fit the regression of count, as the dependent variate, on water content and then to invert the equation in order to estimate moisture content from count. It is shown that these requirements can be fulfilled by an initial transformation of the data and by repeated sub-sampling for the determination of water content. A method is given for calculating errors of estimation. Experimentally, it was found that a transformation (logarithmic) was necessary when calibrating a beta-gauge for leaf moisture measurement. When calibrating a neutron probe for soil-moisture measurement no transformation was required, but it was necessary to take repeated sub-samples for water content determinations. 相似文献
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OHO Eckhardt SMMK Martins ME Pinese FC Horta AC Rosseto MA Torres AFC De Andrade BBD Muro CT Marino PHM Rodrigues AS Moretti 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):964-969
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of three parities of gilts treated or not treated with gonadotropin to induce puberty. Sixty gilts received 600 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) followed by 2.5 mg of porcine luteinizing hormone (LH) 72 h later. Fifty‐nine other gilts were exposed only to a mature boar for 15 min twice daily. Artificial insemination (AI) was performed at 0, 12 and 24 h after the detection of oestrus, and gestation was confirmed by ultrasound after 35 days. Sows were inseminated at the first post‐weaning oestrus. The total numbers of piglets born, piglets born alive, stillborn, mummified foetuses, as well as pregnancy and farrowing rates were evaluated for each of the three parities. Culling rates, farrowing intervals and weaning‐to‐oestrous intervals (WEI) were also analysed. Mean age at puberty and oestrous manifestation were not significantly different between treatments (p = 0.0639; 179.20 ± 17.52 compared with 173.96 ± 16.94, 91.66% compared with 94.92%) across the experimental period. However, females that underwent puberty induction showed modest increases both in the number of total pigs born and in the number of piglets born alive. In conclusion, puberty induction through exogenous gonadotropin administration in field conditions did not induce a more concentrated first oestrous manifestation, but trended to a modest increase in the number of pigs born alive in the first parity and a reduced culling rate during the first gestation. 相似文献
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Equine Post-anesthetic Lameness A Retrospective Study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
MEGHAN T. RICHEY DVM MELISSA S. HOLLAND DVM DiplomateACVA CHARLES J. McGRATH DVM DiplomateACVA NICHOLAS H. DODMAN BVMS MRCVS DVA DipomateACVA DURWOOD B. MARSHALL ESS MICHAEL H. COURT BVSc DiplomateACVA WENDY M. NORMAN BVSc DAVID C. SEELER DVM MSC DiplomateACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(5):392-397
The incidence of post-anesthetic lameness in 655 horses undergoing 733 anesthetic episodes over a 3 year period was 6.4%. Nineteen factors previously reported or proposed to play a role in the development of post-anesthetic lameness were evaluated statistically. Only hypotension and the duration of the anesthetic period were significant factors. 相似文献
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C. A. BLAZE BVSC DipiomateACVA R. E. HOLLAND DVM MS A. L. GRANT BS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1988,17(3):155-159
Ten neonatal calves were anesthetized with xylazine and ketamine intramuscularly and breathed air spontaneously. Drug injection was repeated after 45 minutes. Each injection resulted in a rapid and sustained increase in respiratory rate, but arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) increased, indicating hypoventilation. Arterial hypoxemia, primarily caused by hypoventilation, developed within 15 minutes of each injection, but gradually disappeared. Acidemia was primarily respiratory in origin. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure decreased for the duration of anesthesia (90 minutes). This form of anesthesia is a satisfactory alternative to inhalation anesthesia of neonatal calves. 相似文献
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Alex Bukoski PhD DVM Matthew Winter DVM DACVR Carsten Bandt DVM DACVECC Mary Wilson RT CV MR CT Andre Shih DVM DACVA 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2010,20(4):393-397
Objective – To compare the placement feasibility and amount of bone trauma induced by 3 intraosseous (IO) access techniques in cats: an automatic impact penetration device (A), an automatic rotary insertion device (B), and a manual IO needle (C). Design – Prospective ex vivo study. Setting – University. Animals – Eighteen adult mixed breed feline cadavers. Interventions – Cadavers provided 72 total IO insertion locations divided equally between the right and left humerus and tibia. The 3 IO techniques were randomly allocated to these locations. Time to successful insertion, ease of insertion, and success rate were recorded. Each insertion site was analyzed for the number of bone fragments and defect diameter by computed tomography. Measurements and Main Results – Device B had lower time of insertion (P=0.01) compared with devices A and C. Device B had better ease of insertion scores (P<0.01) compared with devices A and C. No differences were detected between insertion sites (tibia versus humerus). No differences in the number of bone fragments, defect diameter, or success rate were detected among devices (P=0.06, 0.31, and 0.14, respectively). Conclusions – All 3 IO access methods evaluated yield acceptable results. Device B is significantly faster and easier to place in cat cadavers when compared with other methods. 相似文献
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A system of detailed vegetation mapping has been developed for use on undulating terrain where there is a complex mosaic of soil types, drainage characteristics and plant communities and where topography is such that it is impossible to locate a position by reference solely to a map grid reference point, for example hill/moorland grazings, sand dunes and mud flats. The system involved using electronic surveying equipment to locate accurately, in terms of National Grid coordinates and altitude, a large number of points over the area to be surveyed for which vegetation types were identified and recorded. The merged location and vegetation data set for individual points were imported into a geographic information system (GIS) to map 'point' vegetation data accurately. The GIS was then used to create regions around points (voronoi) using Delaunay triangulation to produce a vegetation map. Altitude information was used within the GIS to produce a contour map of the surveyed area.
Vegetation was classified into communities of the British National Vegetation Classification and, although it does not describe all the variants within communities/sub-communities fully, extra information for individual point locations was stored in tables within the GIS. This information was readily accessed by using the mouse cursor to highlight a point and reveal a window containing all the tabulated information for that point.
This methodology was used to produce a reliable map that accurately positioned and mapped previously unmarked landscape features, new boundaries/fences, vegetation types and contours. This facility could be used for a variety of experimental, planning and consultancy applications including botanical survey work, grazing behaviour studies, conservation, land use planning and management. 相似文献
Vegetation was classified into communities of the British National Vegetation Classification and, although it does not describe all the variants within communities/sub-communities fully, extra information for individual point locations was stored in tables within the GIS. This information was readily accessed by using the mouse cursor to highlight a point and reveal a window containing all the tabulated information for that point.
This methodology was used to produce a reliable map that accurately positioned and mapped previously unmarked landscape features, new boundaries/fences, vegetation types and contours. This facility could be used for a variety of experimental, planning and consultancy applications including botanical survey work, grazing behaviour studies, conservation, land use planning and management. 相似文献
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SUMMARY The passive blomechanical property of oesophageal compliance (OC) was measured in 8 naturally occurring cases of canine megaoesophagus, 8 matched control and 7 vagotomised control dogs. Of the 8 dogs with megaoesophagus, 6 had congenital Idiopathic megaoesophagus and 2 had secondary megaoesophagus attributable to generalised skeletal muscle disease. Stepwise distension of the whole oesophagus was employed for measurement of OC at the 4.0 and 8.0 mL/kg Injected volume steps within the control volume range (0 to 12.0 mL/kg). At both Injected volume steps OC was higher In megaoesophagus dogs than in either matched control or vagotomised control dogs (P / 0.01 In both cases), and no significant difference was observed In OC between matched control and vagotomised control dogs. No correlation was demonstrated between OC and the estimated duration of clinical signs of dogs with megaoesophagus. These findings suggest that In most cases of canine megaoesophagus the viscoelastic properties of the oesophageal wall are significantly altered, that In such cases the disorder is unlikely to be purely dynamic and that processes other than the duration of oesophageal dilatation are responsible for the alteration in oesophageal wall blomechanical properties. The relevance of these findings to current concepts on pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the evolution and resolution of various forms of canine megaoesophagus Is discussed. 相似文献
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