感染白粉病小麦叶片细胞的超微变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

兰景华 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,14(4):289-291

小麦感染白粉病菌后,叶片叶绿体肿胀,双层膜不完整或消失,基粒片层排列疏松紊乱,细胞中出现许多由单层膜围成的大小不等的空胞和类似纤维状的膜状物,细胞核膜消失,质壁分离.  相似文献   

黄瓜幼叶细胞中钙调素的免疫胶体金定位     

田景花  张红  李明  王梅 《园艺学报》2003,30(6):728-730

 采用免疫胶体金电镜技术对黄瓜幼叶叶肉细胞中的钙调素(CaM)进行定位。结果表明：适温下生长的黄瓜幼苗叶肉细胞中的CaM主要分布于细胞核和叶绿体内，细胞核中CaM主要存在于染色质和核仁上，叶绿体中CaM主要存在于类囊体膜上；线粒体中也有一定量的CaM分布；细胞质、液泡、液泡膜及质膜上只有少量CaM存在；而细胞壁和细胞间隙却很难发现显示CaM存在的金颗粒。  相似文献   

利用蒸发冷却空调开展控温储粮试验     

曹景华  杨海涛  赖新华  郭谊  汤广宁 《粮食储藏》2016,(4):28-30

在拱板式高大平房仓的拱板间安装蒸发冷却空调开展控温储粮技术,解决拱板间的积热,以达到延缓仓内温度和上层粮温上升速度的目的。蒸发冷却空调主要利用水泵抽取水槽内的水,通过分水器均匀分布到特殊纤维制成的湿帘组件上,而大流量轴流风机的转动令仓外空气以极高速度穿过湿帘组件将湿气散发到空间,以增加空气中的湿度,通过正压促使空气流动,从而达到换气降温的效果。试验结果表明,利用低功率蒸发冷却空调,可以有效排除拱板间的积热,实现换气降温、节能、环保、绿色储粮的目的。  相似文献   

小麦促分裂原蛋白激酶基因TaMAPKK3介导植物抵御低磷功能研究     

宋文腾  马自飞  史美华  白菁华  路文静  肖凯 《华北农学报》2020,35(5):11-16

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不同生物刺激剂对鲜食玉米产量和品质的影响     

应武  骆乐谈  阮松林  李金文 《中国农学通报》2020,36(17):89-94

为研究生物刺激剂对玉米的增产提质效果,试验探讨不同生物刺激剂对玉米的产量和品质方面的影响,为鲜食玉米的优质高产栽培提供技术支撑。以鲜食玉米‘钱江糯3号’为试验品种,以3种生物刺激剂（阿美滋、美基、保康灵1号）为供试药剂,设置6个处理（阿美滋1000倍液、阿美滋1500倍液、阿美滋2000倍液、美基3000倍液、保康灵1号300倍液、清水对照）,研究大田常规施肥水平下药剂对‘钱江糯3号’的经济性状、产量及品质的影响。在阿美滋1500倍液喷施下,玉米的行粒数、单穗鲜重和单穗净重、产量均最高,蛋白质含量、粗纤维含量、还原糖含量、淀粉含量均居第3位;在保康灵1号300倍液喷施下,玉米的穗粗最高,单穗鲜重、单穗净重、产量均居第2位,蛋白质含量最高,脂肪含量最低,还原糖含量居第2位。阿美滋1500倍液在增加玉米产量上是最佳选择,保康灵1号300倍液则对提升玉米品质最有效果。建议生产上将阿美滋1500倍液与保康灵1号300倍液配合施用,这对鲜食玉米的增产提质效果最好。  相似文献   

Effects of dietary oregano essential oil supplementation on growth performance,intestinal antioxidative capacity,immunity, and intestinal microbiota in yellow-feathered chickens     

Dong Ruan  Qiuli Fan  Ahmed Mohamed Fouad  Yunyun Sun  Shengshu Huang  Aiji Wu  Chuxiao Lin  Zhixiang Kuang  Chang Zhang  Shouqun Jiang 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(2)

Essential oils are plant-derived aromatic volatile oils, and they contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve poultry nutrition. In this study, we investigated the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) on intestinal antioxidative capacity, immunity, and gut microbiota of young yellow-feathered chickens. A total of nine hundred and sixty 1-d-old female Qingyuan partridge chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with six replicates of 40 birds each, and the feeding trial was lasted for 30 d. The controls were fed on a basal diet without in-feed antibiotics; the birds in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg virginiamycin; the remaining birds were fed the basal diet containing 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Dietary supplementation with 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO increased average daily feed intake (P = 0.057) and average daily gain (P < 0.05). The activities of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidative capacity in plasma, jejuna, and ileal mucosa were increased by OEO supplementation (P < 0.05), with a trend of lower jejunal content of malonaldehyde (P = 0.062). Moreover, dietary OEO increased the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (P = 0.078) and the relative expression of Claudin 1, Mucin 2, and Avain beta-defensin 1 in ileum (P < 0.05). Sequencing data of 16S rRNA indicated that dietary OEO increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum, and Clostridium and Lactobacillus genera, and decreasing that of Romboutsia. Functional analyses indicated that microbial amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, replication, and repair systems were higher in OEO groups than those of controls and antibiotic treatment. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OEO enhanced growth performance, alleviated local oxidative stress in intestine, improved production of natural antibodies, and favorably modulated intestinal microbiota composition.  相似文献   

黑寡妇蜘蛛牵引丝单一多聚序列对蚕丝性能改良的研究     

阮靖华  吴美玉  赵丹  唐晓利  钟伯雄 《蚕业科学》2021,47(5):423-429

蚕丝性能的优劣决定了蚕丝的价值和使用领域.本研究人工设计和构建了包含蜘蛛丝MaSp1基因中的32倍type1序列(32×MT1)和红色荧光蛋白表达框的piggyBac转基因质粒pBac[DsRed-32×MT1],通过显微注射家蚕品种兰10蚕卵获得了能够稳定遗传的转基因家蚕品系pBac-32×MT1.经荧光显微镜筛选、插入位点分析、mRNA表达丰度检测以及茧壳蛋白检测,证明了转基因家蚕能够表达融合了蛛蛛丝蛋白和轻链蛋白的重组丝.扫描电镜观察显示,转基因家蚕茧壳和丝纤维表面的形态和结构与野生型蚕品种兰10相近.傅里叶转换红外光谱去卷积分析表明,转基因家蚕丝蛋白二级结构中与丝应力有关的卢折叠含量达到63.6％,而野生型品种兰10丝蛋白的β折叠含量约为20％.蚕丝机械性能测定表明,转基因家蚕蚕丝的应力、应变和韧性比野生型家蚕丝分别提升了27.7％、10.7％和45.2％.上述结果表明,在家蚕基因组中导入MaSp1基因的type1单一多聚序列能显著增强重组丝的综合力学性能.  相似文献   

Physiological response of one of South Africa’s premier freshwater sport angling species,the Orange-Vaal smallmouth yellowfish Labeobarbus aeneus,to catch-and-release angling     

Nico J Smit  Ruan Gerber  Richard Greenfield  Glyn Howatson 《African Zoology》2016,51(1):61-67

The practice of catch-and-release fishing has been widely promoted by angling fraternities as a fisheries manage- ment tool. The aim of this investigation was to determine the physiological response of Orange-Vaal smallmouth yellowfish, Labeobarbus aeneus, to catch-and-release angling in the Vaal River, South Africa. Fish were collected using standard fly-fishing techniques, anaesthetised in clove oil and blood was drawn from the caudal vein; thereafter the fish were weighed, measured, revived and released. Blood plasma was analysed for concentra- tions of glucose, cortisol and lactate to determine the effects of angling duration, fish size and water tempera- ture. Larger fish were angled for a longer duration compared with smaller fish. Levels of glucose were affected by water temperature (influenced by time of year). Plasma glucose concentrations decreased with greater angling duration. Few individuals (n = 12) showed increased plasma cortisol concentrations. In extended-capture fish (angled for >1 min), lactate concentrations increased significantly above values for rapid-capture fish (angled for >30 s). These data suggest that catch-and-release causes physiological stress to fish, but nonetheless this practice can be a valuable fisheries management tool to ensure the sustainability of fish populations. Other factors beyond the ‘angling’ time are likely to contribute to physiological disruptions in homeostasis and therefore handling and air exposure of angled fish should be included in future catch-and–release angling studies. In addition, the longer-term impact of angling on fish health should also be determined.  相似文献   

From killer to carer: steroid hormones and paternal behaviour     

Ruan de Bruin  Andre Ganswindt  Aliza le Roux 《African Zoology》2016,51(4):173-182

Mammalian parental investment (i.e. care of descendant offspring) is largely biased towards maternal contributions due to the specific feeding needs of mammalian offspring; however, varying degrees of paternal investment have been reported in about 10% of all mammalian species. Within the order Carnivora, paternal contribution to rearing offspring is particularly high: an estimated 32% of all studied carnivore species exhibit direct paternal care. Despite the prominence of paternal investment in carnivores, the endocrine basis of this behaviour is not well understood. This review examines the current – highly constrained – state of knowledge about the endocrine basis of carnivore paternal investment. We attempt to link changes in androgen and glucocorticoid levels with variation in direct and indirect paternal care behaviour making specific predictions regarding the way forward. Well-studied species, such as bat-eared foxes (Otocyon megalotis), dwarf mongoose (Helogale parvula) and meerkats (Suricata suricatta), where social dynamics are relatively well understood, can act as ideal model systems through which we may further investigate the endocrine basis of paternal investment in carnivores.  相似文献   

茶树菇母种培养基最适碳氮比及碳源、氮源筛选     

孙荟林  李明  李守勉  田景花 《北方园艺》2016,(14):148-151

以茶树菇2511菌株为试材,通过比较菌丝生长速度以及菌丝生物量,研究了14种不同C/N培养基以及8种不同碳源物质、11种氮源物质对茶树菇菌丝生长的影响,旨在筛选出母种阶段适宜茶树菇菌丝生长的最适C/N培养基及最适碳源和氮源物质。结果表明:最适C/N为27∶1~33∶1,最适碳源物质为葡萄糖,其次为蔗糖;最适氮源物质为酵母浸粉。  相似文献