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Abdelwahab SI Hassan LE Sirat HM Yagi SM Koko WS Mohan S Taha MM Ahmad S Chuen CS Narrima P Rais MM Hadi AH 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(8):1190-1197
The in vivo and in vitro mechanistic anti-inflammatory actions of cucurbitacin E (CE) (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) were examined. The results showed that LPS/INF-γ increased NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages, whereas L-NAME and CE curtailed it. CE did not reveal any cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 and WRL-68 cells. CE inhibited both COX enzymes with more selectivity toward COX-2. Intraperitoneal injection of CE significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced rat's paw edema. ORAC and FRAP assays showed that CE is not a potent ROS scavenger. It could be concluded that CE is potentially useful in treating inflammation through the inhibition of COX and RNS but not ROS. 相似文献
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Louis Kan Koko Didier Snoeck Tacra Thierry Lekadou Assiri Alexis Assiri 《Agroforestry Systems》2013,87(5):1043-1052
A major challenge for cocoa producers in Côte d’Ivoire is to seek alternative shade trees or crop associations to adapt their planting devices and techniques to the shortage of forests. The recent tendency developed by farmers is to plant simplified orchards combining cacao and fruit trees. An on-farm trial was set up in a 5-year-old cocoa farm to compare a cacao monocrop planted at densities of 1,115 trees ha?1 with cacao intercropped with orange or avocado trees, both at 44 trees ha?1. Observations were done on incident light received by the cacao, vigour, growth and cocoa yields. On average, the cacaos received 100 % light in the monocrop, 89.6 % under orange trees and 80.6 % of incident light under avocado trees. They yielded 64.0 pods tree?1 year?1 in the monocrop (equivalent to 2.54 kg dry cocoa beans tree?1), 30.3 pods tree?1 when combined with orange trees and 28.3 pods tree?1 with avocado trees. The two combinations allowed cocoa yields equivalent to those observed in the region (0.58 kg dry cocoa beans tree?1). Vigour and yield were very highly correlated with the incident light received. Both the yield and the incident light are a logistic function of the planting distance from the shade tree. The inflexion point of the logistic functions corresponds to the minimum planting distance between the cacao and the intercropped fruit trees. On this basis, we suggest that the cacaos should not be planted closer than 6.50 ± 0.2 m to the orange or avocado trees. 相似文献
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从橡胶树叶片转录组数据库中调取花青素合成途径中的关键酶类黄酮3’-羟化酶（F3’H）基因序列信息,通过RT-PCR扩增得到2个橡胶树F3’H基因,分别命名为HbF3’H1和HbF3’H2。通过荧光定量PCR分析发现,只有HbF3’H1基因在不同发育时期的橡胶树叶片和嫩茎中的表达水平与花青素的合成积累趋势完全一致。HbF3’H1所编码的蛋白属于P450超家族,具有保守的F3’H结构域,而且HbF3’H1基因的启动子中包含多种环境效应元件,说明HbF3’H1基因的表达受环境因子调控。通过农杆菌转化烟草发现,过表达HbF3’H1基因的烟草花瓣大量累积花青素,其颜色较非转基因烟草显著加深,同时,荧光定量PCR发现HbF3’H1表达水平与转基因烟草花瓣颜色呈正相关,说明HbF3’H1基因表达促进花青素的累积。本研究为阐明橡胶树花青素代谢途径奠定基础。 相似文献
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JH Waite GR Gladstone WS Lewis P Drossart TE Cravens AN Maurellis BH Mauk S Miller 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,276(5309):104-108
Observations with the High Resolution Imager on the Rontgensatellit reveal x-ray emissions from Jupiter's equatorial latitudes. The observed emissions probably result from the precipitation of energetic (>300 kiloelectron volts per atomic mass unit) sulfur and oxygen ions out of Jupiter's inner radiation belt. Model calculations of the energy deposition by such heavy ion precipitation and of the resulting atmospheric heating rates indicate that this energy source can contribute to the high exospheric temperatures(>800 kelvin at 0.01 microbar) measured by the Galileo probe's Atmospheric Structure Instrument. Low-latitude energetic particle precipitation must therefore be considered, in addition to other proposed mechanisms such as gravity waves and soft electron precipitation, as an important source of heat for Jupiter's thermosphere. 相似文献
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JT SEAMAN WS TURVEY SJ OTTAWAY AR GILMOUR RJ DIXON† 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):279-285
A field grazing trial was undertaken to monitor the health and production of crossbred sheep grazing pasture where Echium plantagineum constituted a considerable proportion of the available forage. The trial, conducted for 19 months over successive grazing seasons, demonstrated a significant difference in production, with sheep on the E. plantagineum pasture being lighter and growing less wool compared with sheep on Echium-free pasture. No mortalities involving pyrrolizidine alkaloid poisoning were recorded in sheep grazing E. plantagineum, although there was histological evidence of moderately severe liver damage associated with high liver copper concentrations in at least one sheep following the grazing of large quantities of the plant. 相似文献
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Edamura K Itakura S Nasu K Iwami Y Ogawa H Sasaki N Ohgawara H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(5):549-556
Xenotransplantation of porcine pancreatic endocrine (PE) cells in a diffusion chamber, a bioartificial endocrine pancreas (Bio-AEP), was conducted to total pancreatectomized dogs. Six pancreatectomized dogs were divided into two groups of 3 dogs each. In three dogs of the control group, exogenous insulin was administered twice a day for 30 weeks to maintain fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels within the normal range. The remaining three dogs were implanted with Bio-AEPs (implantation group), in addition to daily insulin administration. In the implantation group, Bio-AEPs containing 1.3 to 1.8 x 10(7) cells per kg of body weight of the recipient were implanted without fixation into the abdominal cavity. In the control group, exogenous insulin requirements did not decrease during the experimental period, whereas it significantly decreased for a certain period (3, 11, 17 weeks) after implantation in all implanted dogs. In the implantation group, laparotomy was performed after FBG and the exogenous insulin requirement increased again and Bio-AEPs were removed. Two Bio-AEPs were completely destroyed, and the remaining one was encapsulated by thin fibrous tissue. In this dog, effusion was present within the capsule, but the Bio-AEP was not destroyed. Histopathologically, the necrosis, presumably caused by hypoxia, of the PE-cells was observed on transmission electron microscopy. In conclusion, Bio-AEP could function for a certain period after implantation in this study. However, more preclinical researches should be needed to apply this technique for the treatment of diabetic dogs. 相似文献
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The efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca fruit mesocarp was compared with praziquantel in mice infected with Sudanese strain of Schistosoma mansoni. Infected mice were given a single dose of 200 mg/kg body weight of B. aegyptiaca fruit mesocarp and 200 mg/kg b.w. of praziquantel after 6 weeks from the onset of the infection. A significant reduction was observed in EPG (egg count per gram of faeces), eggs burden in tissues and recovery of adult worms (P<0.05) for both the plant and the drug-treated animals. 相似文献