Acute oxalate toxicity of sheep associated with slender iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum)     

RH JACOB  RL PEET 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(3):91-92

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Soft tissue sarcoma in a short‐beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus)          下载免费PDF全文

RL Robey  C Sangster  M Gabor  SA Lindsay 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(9):360-365

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Fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins in salted herring (Clupea harengus) products     

Aro TL  Larmo PS  Bäckman CH  Kallio HP  Tahvonen RL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(5):1482-1488

The fatty acid composition and contents of fat and fat-soluble vitamins of three salted products prepared from Icelandic herring were analyzed. The effects of storage on the products over their shelf life, 6 or 12 months, were investigated. The average oil content of salted, gutted herring and salted fillets in vacuum remained constant, 17 and 12% of wet weight, respectively. In the pickled product the oil content decreased during the 12 months of storage from 13 to 12%. The composition of the products was typical for herring, the most abundant fatty acids being oleic (18:1n-9), palmitic (16:0), cetoleic (22:1n-11), and gadoleic (20:1n-9) acids. Monounsaturated acids constituted clearly the main group with a proportion of >50% of all fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) comprised together >12% of all fatty acids. During storage, some hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (TAG) occurred, causing a slight reduction in practically all esterified fatty acids. In none of the three products was the loss of polyunsaturated fatty acids from TAG greater than the loss of saturated ones, indicating that the loss of EPA and DHA was not due to oxidation. After packing, the average content of vitamins A, D, and E in the products varied between 27 and 87 microg/100 g (wet weight), between 17-28 microg/100 g (wet weight), and between 77-120 microg/100 g (wet weight), respectively. During storage, the level of vitamin A decreased significantly, whereas no loss of vitamin D was observed. The content of vitamin E was low in all products and showed wide variation. When compared to the recommended daily intake, it could be concluded that the products investigated were good and stable sources of long-chain n-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA) and vitamin D.  相似文献   

Infertility in 2 Murray Grey bulls associated with abaxial and swollen midpiece sperm defects     

RL PEET  P. KLUCK  M. McCARTHY 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(11):359-360

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Detection of Aphanomyces invadans and epizootic ulcerative syndrome in the Murray‐Darling drainage     

J Go  I Marsh  M Gabor  V Saunders  RL Reece  J Frances  C Boys  LJ Gabor 《Australian veterinary journal》2012,90(12):513-514

Epizootic ulcerative syndrome was diagnosed, and the presence of Aphanomyces invadans confirmed, from an outbreak of clinical disease in wild‐caught bony bream (Nematalosa erebi) from the Darling River near Bourke, in New South Wales, Australia, during 2008. This confirms a significant extension of the agent beyond its historical range.  相似文献   

Involvement of ATP‐sensitive K+ channels in the peripheral antinociceptive effect induced by ketamine     

Thiago RL Romero  Igor DG Duarte 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2013,40(4):419-424

ObjectiveTo investigate the contribution of K⁺ channels on peripheral antinociception induced by ketamine.Study designProspective experimental study.Animals110 male Wistar rats weighing 160–200 g.MethodsThe paw pressure required to elicit limb flexion was designated as the nociceptive threshold. Hyperalgesia was induced by intraplantar injection of prostaglandin E₂. All drugs were administered locally into the right hind paw of rats. Ketamine was administered into the right hind paw 2 hours and 55 minutes after local injection of PGE₂. Tetraethylammonium was administered 30 minutes prior to ketamine and the other K⁺ channel blockers, glibenclamide, dequalinium and paxilline, were administered 5 minutes prior to ketamine.ResultsProstaglandin E₂ (2 μg per paw) induced hyperalgesia. Ketamine (10, 20, 40 and 80 μg per paw) elicited a local peripheral antinociceptive effect that was antagonized by a specific blocker of ATP‐sensitive K⁺ channels, glibenclamide (20, 40 and 80 μg per paw). In another experiment, the non‐selective voltage‐dependent K⁺ channel blocker tetraethylammonium (30 μg per paw) and small and large conductance blockers of Ca²⁺‐activated K⁺ channels, dequalinium (50 μg per paw) and paxilline (20 μg per paw), were ineffective at blocking the effect of a local ketamine injection.Conclusions and clinical relevanceAnalysis of these results provides evidence that ketamine, may in part, induce peripheral antinociceptive effects by ATP‐sensitive K⁺ channel pathway activation.  相似文献   

Skeletal deformities associated with nutritional congenital rickets in newborn lambs     

KE Dittmer  RE Morley  RL Smith 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1):51-55

Abstract

CASE HISTORY: A group of 545 pregnant rising 2-year-old Coopdale ewes on a Southland sheep farm were grazed over winter on a fodder beet (Beta vulgaris) crop. Subsequently, 45 out of approximately 750 lambs were born with a variety of skeletal deformities, including shortened limbs, varus and valgus angular limb deformities, palmar grade stance and cranial bowing of the carpus. Analysis of the crop showed the fodder beet contained a low percentage of phosphorus. In addition, 60 out of 460 rising 2-year-old ewes that had been grazed on the fodder beet crop as 1-year-olds had incisor abnormalities and malocclusion.

PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Two affected lambs (1-day-old and 3-days-old) with representative clinical signs examined postmortem were found to have markedly enlarged costochondral junctions, and noticeably enlarged long bone metaphyses. In addition, one lamb had a dense band of metaphyseal sclerosis beneath the physes of all long bones examined. Histopathological findings included small islands and columns of chondrocytes and eosinophilic cartilage matrix present in the metaphysis. Metaphyseal trabeculae were disorganised and often lined by accumulations of pale pink osteoid; similar pale pink osteoid was also present in the cortices. Unerupted molar teeth in the affected lambs lacked a layer of enamel, and the dentine was irregular with globular basophilia.

DIAGNOSIS: The gross and histopathological lesions were consistent with a diagnosis of rickets.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nutritional congenital rickets has not been previously diagnosed in sheep, but is a recognised disease of human infants with vitamin D deficient mothers. The rickets in affected lambs was most likely associated with phosphorus deficiency as a result of the pregnant ewes grazing fodder beet during gestation. While vitamin D deficiency was not definitively ruled out in these cases, practitioners are alerted to the possible effects of feeding phosphorus-deficient fodder beet to ewes for long periods during gestation and to 1-year-old sheep during important growth periods.  相似文献   

Selection of biological control agents for controlling soil and seed-borne diseases in the field   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

I.M.B. Knudsen  J. Hockenhull  D. Funck Jensen  B. Gerhardson  M. Hökeberg  R. Tahvonen  E. Teperi  L. Sundheim  B. Henriksen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(9):775-784

Different screening methods for selection of biological control agents (BCAs), for controlling soil and seed-borne diseases, are discussed. The shortcomings of laboratory methods focused on mechanism of action are discussed and we conclude that these methods should be used with caution if candidates with multifactorial or plant mediated mechanisms of control are to be obtained. In vitro screens may be useful for specific groups of microorganisms, thus, screens for antibiotics may be relevant for Streptomyces spp., and promising results have been obtained using soil plating or precolonized agar methods to screen for mycoparasitism and competitive saprophytic ability. Experience with screening in the Nordic programme Biological control of seed borne diseases in cereals is summarized. Research in the four participating countries – Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark – followed the same paradigm: that of obtaining antagonists, well adapted to different Nordic environments, and developing them as effective BCAs. Potential antagonists were isolated from different sources and in planta screening methods were developed in order to optimize selection of antagonists effective against a range of seed borne pathogens. Screens in the laboratory or greenhouse were followed by screening in the field. The different screening procedures are compared and evaluated.  相似文献   

Optimal management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands     

Olli Tahvonen  Timo Pukkala  Olavi Laiho  Erkki Lähde  Sami Niinimäki 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

An optimization model is specified to analyze forest management without any restrictions on the forest management system. The data on forest growth comes from unique field experiments and is used to estimate a nonlinear transition matrix or size-structured model for Norway spruce. The objective function includes detailed harvesting cost specifications and the optimization problem is solved in its most general dynamic form. In optimal uneven-aged management, stand density is shown to be dominated by limitations in natural regeneration. If the goal is volume maximization, even-aged management with artificial regeneration (and thinnings from above) is superior to uneven-aged management. After including regeneration and harvesting costs, the interest rate, and the price differential between saw timber and pulpwood, uneven-aged management becomes superior to even-aged management. However, in the short term the superiority is conditional on the initial stand state.  相似文献   

Establishment and early growth of different plant types of Corsican pine (Pinus nigra var. maritima) on four sites in Thetford Forest     

Jinks  RL; Kerr  G 《Forestry》1999,72(4):293-304

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