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【目的】分析在同一主效基因(Wx^mp)背景下可溶性淀粉合成酶基因SSⅡa和去分支酶基因PUL对稻米蒸煮食味品质的影响,以期为水稻品质遗传改良提供依据。【方法】选择在SSⅡa和PUL存在多态性而其他淀粉合成酶相关基因没有多态性的半糯品系宁0145和粳稻品种武运粳21进行杂交,获得F2群体与F3株系。利用分子标记,选择含有Wx^mp基因的F2单株与F3株系,将这些F2单株与F3株系分成SSⅡa^nPUL^n、SSⅡa^nPUL^w、SSⅡa^wPUL^n和SSⅡa^wPUL^w4种基因型(n和w分别表示该基因来源于宁0145和武运粳21),分析不同基因型蒸煮食味品质性状的差异,探讨同一Wxmp基因背景下不同SSⅡa和PUL等位基因对蒸煮食味品质性状的影响。【结果】不同基因型间蒸煮食味品质性状均存在显著差异,来源于武运粳21的SSⅡa^w基因和PUL^w基因分别使直链淀粉含量增加0.29%~1.00%和0.62%~1.18%,且PUL的效应大于SSⅡa,两者间存在互作效应。SSⅡa^w基因和PUL^w基因降低胶稠度和崩解值,提高了热浆黏度、冷胶黏度、消减值和回复值,对糊化温度、峰值黏度和峰值时间的作用较小。【结论】明确了Wx^mp背景下SSⅡa和PUL基因对稻米蒸煮食味品质的遗传效应,该研究结果为SSⅡa和PUL基因的分子标记辅助选择改良稻米品质提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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A. A.?WamanEmail author Pooja?Bohra B. N.?Sathyanarayana K.?Umesha G. K.?Mukunda T. H.?Ashok Balakrishna?Gowda 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2015,57(3):153-164
Factors concerning aseptic culture establishment and hardening were studied in detail in choicest Silk Banana. Effect of size of sucker (small, medium and large), carbon concentration (10, 20 and 30 g/l), season of initiation (wet and dry) and pre-treatments such as segmentation and incision to the explants were studied during initiation. Further, hardening related factors such as substrates used for primary and secondary hardening, nursery nutrition (source and frequency of application) and pre-treatments for ex vitro rooting were also studied. Results revealed that small suckers were most suited for initiations with the least contamination, maximum establishment and higher percentage of greening. Lower concentration of sucrose, though delayed greening, resulted in 100?% establishment of explants. Initiations performed during the drier period were completely free from the fungal contamination and showed less bacterial contamination than those performed during the rainy season. Segmentation of explant into four parts during first subculture supported maximum shoot proliferation by overcoming apical dominance. Coir pith was observed to be the most congenial substrate during primary hardening, whereas coir pith alone or sand: red earth: coir pith (1:1:1) supported superior performance of plantlets during secondary hardening. Single application of mono ammonium phosphate improved growth of plantlets during secondary hardening. Pre-treatment with mono ammonium phosphate gave the best response in terms of rooting and hardening of un-rooted micro-shoots. Thus, the discussed methodology could help the industries to take up commercial scale propagation of Silk Banana. 相似文献
3.
Summary Deep water rice varieties in general have certain peculiar characters which are associated with floating habit. These characters are (i) early nodal differentiation, (ii) nodal rooting, (iii) spreading habit, (iv) awned grains, (v) brown hull colour, (vi) red pericarp (red rice), and (vii) seed dormancy. Inheritance of these characters and linkage relationship of genes governing these characters were studied in a cross between Pankaj (non floating) and Nageribao (floating) rice varieties. Nageribao, a cultivar from Assam possesses these characters.Early nodal differentiation was observed to be controlled by a single dominant gene, designated as Nd. Nodal rooting was controlled by two dominant complementary genes, designated as Nr
1 and Nr
2. We found an inhibitory factor for spreading habit and one for brown hull colour in Pankaj; the operation of two dominant duplicate genes An
1 and An
2 for controlling awning characters, a single dominant gene Rd for red pericarp colour and a single dominant gene Gd for grain dormancy. Joint segregations between these characters resulted in the assignment of genes in the X linkage group of indica rices with estimated map distances based on the cross-over values. The genes An (awning), Es (spreading habit), Nr (nodal rooting) and Nd (nodal differentiation) were observed to be associated with each other. The gene for red pericarp (Rd) was observed to be linked with the grain dormaney gene Gd. 相似文献
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Ademola O. Olaniran Adhika Balgobind Ajit Kumar Balakrishna Pillay 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(8):2019-2029
Purpose
Bioremediation of co-contaminated environments is difficult because of the mixed nature of the contaminants and the fact that the two components often must be treated differently. This study investigated the use of inorganic treatment additives, namely calcium carbonate (CaCO3), gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), and disodium phosphate (Na2HPO4) to improve remediation of soil co-contaminated with 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) and arsenic or cadmium.Materials and methods
The soil samples were collected from a specific site in the Westville area in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Microcosms were set up by artificially co-contaminating the soil sample (100 g mixed with 75 ml of synthetic groundwater in sterile screw-capped 250-ml serum bottles) with 1,2-DCA + risk elements; As3+ (150 mg/kg); or Cd2+ (170 mg/kg). Thereafter, each microcosm was amended with either 5 g CaCO3, 2 g CaSO4·2H2O, or 1.12 g Na2HPO4 + 0.046 g NaCl, separately. The samples were analyzed for the degradation of 1,2-DCA using GC–MS, while total 1,2-DCA degrading bacterial populations were determined at different sampling times using a standard spread plate technique. Soil dehydrogenase and urease activities were also monitored during the experimental period using standard enzyme assays.Results and discussion
Addition of CaCO3 resulted in an approximately 2-fold increase in 1,2-DCA degradation in both the As3+ and the Cd2+ co-contaminated soil as compared to the co-contaminated soil without CaCO3. All the treatment additives were more effective in the As3+ co-contaminated soil resulting in 11.19, 9.25, and 5.63% increase in 1,2-DCA degradation in the presence of CaCO3, Na2HPO4 + NaCl, and CaSO4·2H2O, respectively, compared to the Cd2+ co-contaminated soil. The total 1,2-DCA degrading bacterial population increased in treated soils over time. Overall, soil dehydrogenase and urease activities were lower in the heavy metal co-contaminated samples compared to the treated soil. The inhibitory effect of heavy metal was less in As3+ co-contaminated soil for both CaCO3- and Na2HPO4 + NaCl-treated soil, with up to 7.92% increase in dehydrogenase activity obtained compared to soil co-contaminated with Cd2+.Conclusions
Results from this study indicate that treatment additives can be used to reduce bioavailable fractions of risk elements in the soil matrices, thereby limiting the toxicity of these risk elements to 1,2-DCA degrading microorganisms. Thus, this approach can be applied to enhance organic compound degradation in co-contaminated soil environments.5.
Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies on Drynaria quercifolia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N. Ramesh M. B. Viswanathan A. Saraswathy K. Balakrishna P. Brindha P. Lakshmanaperumalsamy 《Fitoterapia》2001,72(8):283-936
Friedelin, epifriedelinol, beta-amyrin, beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosterol 3-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and naringin were isolated from the dried rhizome of Drynaria quercifolia. The methanol extract showed broad and concentration-dependent antibacterial activity. 相似文献
6.
Protective role of Bacopa monniera on morphine-induced brain mitochondrial enzyme activity in rats 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Alcoholic extract of Bacopa monniera was tested for its protective role on morphine-induced brain mitochondrial enzyme status in rats. The level of the brain mitochondrial enzymes was significantly lower in the morphine-treated group when compared with control animals. These enzymes were maintained at normal level when Bacopa extract was administered orally at a dose of 40 mg/kg, 2 h before the administration of morphine. 相似文献
7.
Amani S.Y. Al-Zaidan Abrar Akbar Hussain Bahbahani Salim Y. Al-Mohanna Biju Kolattukudy Varun Balakrishna 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(4):802-817
- To our knowledge, this is the first inclusive assessment of the status of Sparidae fisheries in the territorial waters of Kuwait, integrating information on catch trends, consumer preferences, recreational fishing behaviour, and molecular based identification of fish species by DNA barcoding
- Fisheries landing data were obtained from the official fisheries bulletin released by the Kuwait Central Statistical Bureau. Surveys were conducted to assess consumer preferences on seabream species, landed seabream species, and the behaviour of recreational anglers towards seabream species. DNA barcodes were generated to authenticate commercial seabream using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COXI) gene and then compared with GenBank sequence entries; these sequences were then used to construct a neighbour-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree.
- Yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus was the prime and most favoured commercial seabream species (45%), followed by Sparidentex hasta, which was the top-rated secondary, unassessed seabream species. Approximately 54% of households conduct recreational fishing more than twice a month, and most (77%) primarily target S. hasta and Ac. latus. Consumer demand for secondary seabreams, which were not assessed and are listed in the bulletin under the category ‘others’, was evident.
- The NJ phylogenetic tree revealed that Arabian Gulf seabreams, including those of Kuwait, are genetically different from their counterparts inhabiting neighbouring waters.
- The data presented here highlight the urgency to modify the existing fisheries list using accurate identification tools, such as DNA barcoding, for the sustainable and conservation-oriented management of local fisheries, which are in decline.
8.
YAO Shu ZHANG Yadong LIU Yanqing ZHAO Chunfang ZHOU Lihui CHEN Tao ZHAO Qingyong ZHU Zhen Balakrishna PILLAY WANG Cailin 《中国水稻科学》1986,34(3):217-227
【Objective】Our aim is to analyze the genetic effects of soluble starch synthase gene SSⅡa and debranching enzyme gene PUL on eating and cooking quality under the same main gene background of Wxmp, so as to lay a theoretical basis for rice quality improvement. 【Method】In this study, a semi-glutinous rice line Ning 0145 and japonica rice variety Wuyunjing 21 were crossed to obtain F2 population and F3 lines. There was polymorphism in soluble starch synthase gene SSⅡa and debranching enzyme gene PUL but no polymorphism in other starch synthase related genes between the two parents. With molecular markers, some F2 plants and F3 lines containing Wxmp gene were selected and divided into four genotypes, SSⅡanPULn, SSⅡanPULw, SSⅡawPULnand SSⅡawPULw(n and w indicated that the genes were contributed by Ning 0145 and Wuyunjing 21, respectively). The allelic effects of SSⅡa and PUL genes on eating and cooking quality under the same Wxmp gene background was investigated by analyzing the eating and cooking quality and its differences among different genotypes. 【Result】There were significant differences for eating and cooking quality among genotypes of different parental origins. The allelic gene SSⅡaw and PULw from Wuyunjing 21 increased amylose content by 0.29%–1.00% and 0.62%–1.18% respectively, and the effect of PUL was greater than that of SSⅡa. There was interaction between SSⅡa and PUL genes. The SSⅡaw and PULw genes also decreased gel consistency and breakdown viscosity, increased hot paste viscosity, cool paste viscosity, setback viscosity and consistency viscosity, but had little effect on gelatinization temperature, peak viscosity and peak time. 【Conclusion】The genetic effects of SSⅡa and PUL genes on cooking and eating quality of rice under the background of Wxmp gene were clarified. The results lay a theoretical basis for improving rice quality by molecular marker-assisted selection of SSⅡa and PUL genes. 相似文献
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