Corrigendum to “A placebo-controlled trial of two intranasal vaccines to prevent tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) in dogs entering a humane shelter” [Prev. Vet. Med. 62 (2004) 89–99]     

Charlotte H. Edinboro  Michael P. Ward  Larry T. Glickman 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,69(3-4):309-310

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Pharmacokinetics of xylazine after 2-, 4-, and 6-hr durations of continuous rate infusions in horses     

Klaus Hopster  Lawrence R. Soma  Xiaoqing Li  Charlotte Hopster-Iversen  Raymond C. Boston  Bernd Driessen 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(6):557-564

Intravenous (i.v.) bolus administration of xylazine (XYL) (0.5 mg/kg) immediately followed by a continuous rate infusion (CRI) of 1 mg kg⁻¹ hr⁻¹ for 2, 4, and 6 hr produced immediate sedation, which lasted throughout the duration of the CRI. Heart rate decreased and blood pressure increased significantly (p > .05) in all horses during the first 15 min of infusion, both returned to and then remained at baseline during the duration of the infusion. Compartmental models were used to investigate the pharmacokinetics of XYL administration. Plasma concentration–time curves following bolus and CRI were best described by a one-compartment model. No differences were found between pharmacokinetic estimates of the CRIs for the fractional elimination rate constant (K_e), half-life (t_1/2e), volume of distribution (V_d), and clearance (Cl). Median and range were 0.42 (0.15–0.97)/hr, 1.68 (0.87–4.52) hr, 5.85 (2.10–19.34) L/kg, and 28.7 (19.6–39.5) ml min⁻¹ kg⁻¹, respectively. Significant differences were seen for area under the curve ( ) (p < .0002) and maximum concentration (C_max) (p < .04). This indicates that with increasing duration of infusion, XYL may not accumulate in a clinically relevant way and hence no adjustments are required in a longer XYL CRI to maintain a constant level of sedation and a rapid recovery.  相似文献   

Nutrient digestibility of extruded canola meal in ileal-cannulated growing pigs and effects of its feeding on diet nutrient digestibility and growth performance in weaned pigs     

Charlotte M E Heyer  Li F Wang  Eduardo Beltranena  Ruurd T Zijlstra 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)

Canola meal (CM) contains less crude protein (CP) and more fiber and anti-nutritional factors such as glucosinolates than soybean meal (SBM) and consequently has a lower nutrient digestibility. Therefore, processing strategies that may increase the feeding value of CM warrant study. In two experiments, the effects of extrusion of Brassica napus CM on apparent (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA), apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) in growing pigs, and growth performance and diet digestibility in weaned pigs were assessed. Solvent-extracted CM was extruded using a single-screw extruder at three screw speeds: 250 (CM-250), 350 (CM-350), or 450 (CM-450) rpm. In exp. 1, in a double 4 × 4 Latin square, eight ileal-cannulated barrows (initial body weight [BW], 68.1 kg) were fed corn starch-based diets containing 50% CM or extruded CM. The CM sample contained 43.2% CP, 33.2% total dietary fiber (TDF), and 8.9 µmol of total glucosinolates/g on a dry matter (DM) basis. Extrusion increased (P < 0.05) the AID of CP, reduced (P < 0.05) apparent hindgut fermentation of CP, and decreased (P < 0.05) predicted net energy (NE) value of diets. Extrusion increased diet AID and CM SID of most indispensable AA by 3.1 to 5.3%-units. In exp. 2, 200 weaned pigs (initial BW, 8.3 kg) were fed diets containing 20% SBM, CM, or extruded CM starting 2 wk postweaning for 3 wk. The CM sample contained 42.7% CP, 28.3% TDF, and 5.3 µmol total glucosinolates/g DM. Wheat-based diets provided 2.3 Mcal NE/kg and 5.1 g SID Lys/Mcal NE. Dietary inclusion of extruded CM replacing SBM decreased (P < 0.05) diet ATTD of DM, GE and CP, and DE value. Average daily feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), and gain:feed (G:F) of pigs did not differ between extruded CM and SBM diets and were not affected by extrusion, but increasing extruder screw speed linearly increased (P < 0.05) ADG for day 1 to 7 and G:F for the entire trial. In conclusion, extrusion increased diet AID and CM SID of AA but not DE and predicted NE values of CM. However, increasing extruder speed did not further increase the SID of most of the AA of CM in growing pigs. Dietary inclusion of 20% CM or extruded CM did not affect the growth performance in weaned pigs.  相似文献   

The effects of flumazenil on ventilatory and recovery characteristics in horses following midazolam-ketamine induction and isoflurane anaesthesia     

Hope Douglas  Klaus Hopster  Michelle Cerullo  Charlotte Hopster-Iversen  Darko Stefanovski  Bernd Driessen 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(6):1257-1267

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Implantable loop recorders can detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in Standardbred racehorses with intermittent poor performance     

Rikke Buhl  Sarah D. Nissen  Marie L. K. Winther  Sofie K. Poulsen  Charlotte Hopster-Iversen  Thomas Jespersen  Prashanthan Sanders  Helena Carstensen  Eva M. Hesselkilde 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(5):955-963

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Opioid requirements after locoregional anaesthesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy: a pilot study     

Vincent Marolf  Claudia Spadavecchia  Nicole Müller  Charlotte Sandersen  Helene Rohrbach 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(3):398-406

ObjectiveTo determine the intraoperative and early postoperative opioid requirement after ultrasound-guided sciatic and/or femoral nerve block or epidural anaesthesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO).Study designProspective, masked, pilot, randomized, clinical trial.AnimalsA total of 40 client-owned dogs undergoing TPLO.MethodsEach dog was randomly assigned to group SF (combined sciatic and femoral nerve block), group S (sciatic nerve block), group F (femoral nerve block) or group E (epidural anaesthesia). A total of 0.3 mL kg^–1 of ropivacaine 0.5% was administered to each nerve or in the epidural space. Intraoperatively, fentanyl (2 μg kg^–1) was administered intravenously when heart rate, mean arterial pressure or respiratory rate increased by >30% compared with baseline values. Postoperatively, a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a modified German version of the French pain scale (4AVet) were used to assess pain every 30 minutes for 150 minutes and again once the morning after surgery. Methadone (0.1 mg kg^–1) was administered intravenously if the VAS was ≥ 4 cm [maximal value 10 cm; median (interquartile range)] or the composite pain score was ≥5 [maximal value 15; median (interquartile range)]. Significance was defined as p ≤ 0.05.ResultsGroups SF and E required less total intraoperative and early postoperative opioid doses compared with groups S and F (p = 0.031). No dogs in group SF had a block failure or required postoperative methadone. A reduced methadone requirement was found in group SF compared with all the other groups up to 150 minutes after recovery (p = 0.041).Conclusions and clinical relevanceCombined sciatic and femoral nerve block and epidural anaesthesia lead to less cumulative consumption of perioperative opioids than single nerve blockade. Sciatic or femoral nerve block alone might be insufficient to control nociception and early postoperative pain in dogs undergoing TPLO.  相似文献   

TECHNIQUE,DIFFICULTY, AND ACCURACY OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY‐GUIDED TRANSLAMINAR AND TRANSFORAMINAL LUMBOSACRAL EPIDURAL AND INTRAARTICULAR LUMBAR FACET JOINT INJECTIONS IN DOGS          下载免费PDF全文

Annalisa Liotta  Charlotte Sandersen  Thierry Couvreur  Géraldine Bolen 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(2):191-198

In human medicine, spinal pain and radiculopathy are commonly managed by computed tomography (CT)‐guided facet joint injections and by transforaminal or translaminar epidural injections. In dogs, CT‐guided lumbosacral epidural or lumbar facet joint injections have not been described. The aim of this experimental, ex vivo, feasibility study was to develop techniques and to assess their difficulty and accuracy. Two canine cadavers were used to establish the techniques and eight cadavers to assess difficulty and accuracy. Contrast medium was injected and a CT scan was performed after each injection. Accuracy was assessed according to epidural or joint space contrast opacification. Difficulty was classified as easy, moderately difficult, or difficult, based on the number of CT scans needed to guide insertion of the needle. A total of six translaminar and five transforaminal epidural and 53 joint injections were performed. Translaminar injections had a high success rate (100%), were highly accurate (75%), and easy to perform (100%). Transforaminal injections had an moderately high success rate (75%), were accurate (75%), and moderately difficult to perform (100%). Success rate of facet joint injections was 62% and was higher for larger facet joints, such as L7‐S1. Accuracy of facet joint injections ranged from accurate (37–62%) to highly accurate (25%) depending on the volume injected. In 77% of cases, injections were moderately difficult to perform. Possible complications of epidural and facet joint injections were subarachnoid and vertebral venous plexus puncture and periarticular spread, respectively. Further studies are suggested to evaluate in vivo feasibility and safety of these techniques.  相似文献   

The use of dexmedetomidine continuous rate infusion for horses undergoing transvenous electrical cardioversion — A case series     

Charlotte Marly-Voquer  Colin C. Schwarzwald  Regula Bettschart-Wolfensberger 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2016,57(1):70-75

Five horses were presented for treatment of atrial fibrillation by transvenous electrical cardioversion (TVEC). A dexmedetomidine infusion was administered for sedation during positioning of the cardioversion catheters, and continued during general anesthesia. Shocks were applied until return to sinus rhythm. Dexmedetomidine infusion provided excellent conditions for TVEC catheter placement and procedure.  相似文献   

Evaluation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D,C-reactive protein,and haptoglobin as biomarkers in dogs newly diagnosed with histoplasmosis     

Betsy Hernandez  Jared A. Jaffey  Leah A. Cohn  Robert C. Backus  Kate KuKanich  Andrew S. Hanzlicek  Valerie J. Parker  Mary E. White  Randy Ringold  Emily Westerback  Leah Freilich  Charlotte Bolch 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2023,37(2):476-483

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Interactions between dietary fatty acids and hepatic gene expression in livers of pigs during the weaning period     

Peter K. Theil  Charlotte Lauridsen 《Livestock Science》2007,108(1-3):26-29

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary fatty acids (FA) during the weaning period on expression of genes involved in the oxidation and metabolism of FA (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-), stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD), Δ6-desaturase (D6D), acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS)). Liver samples were obtained from littermates, either on day 28 of age just before weaning, or at day 56 after the 4 weeks ad lib. provision of 5% of either animal fat, fish oil or sunflower oil. In conclusion, genes involved in the regulation of FA conversion (SCD, D6D) were influenced by the n-6 to n-3 ratio, whereas the FA oxidation, as indicated by the expression of PPAR-, was highly likely regulated by the hepatic ratio between mono- and poly-unsaturated FA. Furthermore, weaning and/or age affected the hepatic expression of genes involved in FA synthesis and conversion, but not the expression of PPAR-.  相似文献