MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FEATURES OF EQUINE NIGROPALLIDAL ENCEPHALOMALACIA     

Sean G.  Sanders  DVM  Russell L.  Tucker  DVM  Rodney S.  Bagley  DVM  Patrick R.  Gavin  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(4):291-296

Magnetic resonance imaging (MR) was used to make a diagnosis of equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia in a horse. Equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia is a neurodegenerative disease that has many characteristics with Parkinson-like diseases in humans. Historically, horses were euthanized based on clinical signs and exposure to the toxic weed, yellow star thistle (Centaurea solstitialis). Previously, the disease has only been confirmed on necropsy. MR imaging can provide accurate and sensitive visualization of typical lesions seen in the brain of horses affected with equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia. Lesions were seen on T1-weighted, T2-weighted and proton density images. There was no contrast enhancement following Gd-DTPA administration. Lesions seen on MR were confirmed at necropsy. Using MR to confirm a diagnosis of equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia will prevent unnecessary suffering of horses and expense to owners that would otherwise incur, while further diagnostics are performed.  相似文献   

First catheter-based high-density endocardial 3D electroanatomical mapping of the right atrium in standing horses     

Eva Hesselkilde  Dominik Linz  Arnela Saljic  Helena Carstensen  Rayed Kutieleh  Thomas Jespersen  Prashanthan Sanders  Rikke Buhl 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(1):186-193

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Implantable loop recorders can detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in Standardbred racehorses with intermittent poor performance     

Rikke Buhl  Sarah D. Nissen  Marie L. K. Winther  Sofie K. Poulsen  Charlotte Hopster-Iversen  Thomas Jespersen  Prashanthan Sanders  Helena Carstensen  Eva M. Hesselkilde 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(5):955-963

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Effects of season and grass tetany on mineral composition of Hereford cattle hair     

R F Hall  W L Sanders  M C Bell  R A Reynolds 《American journal of veterinary research》1971,32(10):1613-1619

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Pharmaco-epidemiology and -economics should be developed more extensively in veterinary medicine     

Chauvin C  Madec F  Guittet M  Sanders P 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2002,25(6):455-459

Pharmaco-epidemiology, which has emerged within the last 20 years as a new discipline in human medicine, deals with the quantities of drugs consumed and their effects on populations in terms of epidemiological concepts and tools. To a lesser extent, it is also practised in veterinary medicine. The applications presented in this review are illustrative of pharmaco-epidemiological and -economical concepts. Assessment of drug consumption, the study of adverse drug effects, and the economic implications of drug use are the three main fields considered. Developments can be expected in veterinary medicine within the next few years relative to novel areas of interest such as antimicrobial resistance and new therapeutic class uses. These applications will require methodological progress and the elimination of current gaps. Pharmaco-epidemiological methods need to be developed, which implies close co-operation between statisticians, pharmacologists, veterinary practitioners and epidemiologists. A greater use of the term 'pharmaco-epidemiology' as a keyword in literature would facilitate recognition of this domain which associates closely epidemiology and pharmacology.  相似文献   

Validation for use with coyotes (Canis latrans) of a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Dirofilaria immitis     

Sacks BN  Chomel BB  Kasten RW  Chang CC  Sanders RK  Leterme SD 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,109(1-2):45-58

Serological tests offer a potentially powerful tool for monitoring parasites in wildlife populations. However, such tests must be validated before using them with target wildlife populations. We evaluated in coyotes (Canis latrans) the performance of a commercially available serological test used to detect canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) in domestic dogs. We obtained 265 coyote carcasses and serological specimens from 54 additional coyotes from several regions of California, USA. We necropsied coyotes to determine the adult heartworm infection status. Blood was collected at necropsy on filter paper strips and allowed to dry; it was later eluted in a buffer solution, and the supernatant was tested for heartworm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess discriminatory power of the test and indicated a 93% probability that a randomly selected infected coyote would exhibit a higher enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) value than a randomly selected uninfected coyote. We estimated specificity at 96% (95% CI: 92-98%) for 165 uninfected coyotes and sensitivity at 85% (77-91%) for 100 infected coyotes, results similar to published values for the commercial serological test used with dog serum or plasma. Test performance was similar for filter paper specimens and supernatant of frozen whole blood collected in EDTA tubes (i.e. hemolyzed plasma). We found no difference in test performance among geographic or demographic coyote groups. Our findings support application of the test to filter paper or standard serological specimens for detection of heartworm in coyote populations.  相似文献   

Investigating Intraspecific Variation of Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli Using DNA Fingerprinting and Whole Cell Fatty Acid Analysis     

Walcott RR  Langston DB  Sanders FH  Gitaitis RD 《Phytopathology》2000,90(2):191-196

ABSTRACT To assess the diversity of Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli, 121 strains from watermelon, cantaloupe, and pumpkin were compared using pulse field gel electrophoresis of SpeI-digested DNA and gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters. Twenty-nine unique DNA fragments resulted from DNA digestion, and 14 distinct haplotypes were observed. Based on cluster analysis, two subgroups, I and II, were recognized, which accounted for 84.8% (eight haplotypes) and 15.2% (six haplotypes) of the strains, respectively. Results of cellular fatty acid analysis varied quantitatively and qualitatively for the A. avenae subsp. citrulli strains and supported the existence of the two subgroups. Group I includes strains from cantaloupe and pumpkin as well as the ATCC type strain, which was first described in the United States in 1978, whereas group II represents the typical watermelon fruit blotch-causing strains that appeared in the mainland United States in 1989. Knowledge of the two A. avenae subsp. citrulli groups may be useful in screening for watermelon fruit blotch resistance.  相似文献   

Effect of prepubertal versus postpubertal castration on sexual and aggressive behavior in male horses     

S W Line  B L Hart  L Sanders 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1985,186(3):249-251

Males horses castrated prepubertally occasionally display stallion-like sexual and aggressive behavior as adults. A retrospective survey of 140 horse owners was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of prepubertal versus postpubertal castration on objectionable sexual and aggressive behavior. Of 94 geldings that had been castrated prepubertally (before 2 years of age), 20% to 30% displayed stallion-like sexual behavior and aggression toward horses, and 5% were aggressive toward people in a stallion-like manner. This occurrence of problem behavior was not significantly different from the occurrence of these behavioral patterns in 46 geldings that had been castrated as stallions (over 3 years of age). When castration was examined as a therapeutic measure to eliminate sexual and aggressive behavior in stallions in which the behavior had become objectionable, it was found that the operation was effective on sexual behavior and aggression toward people in 60% to 70% of horses and on aggression toward horses in 40% of horses.  相似文献   

Über die Empfindlichkeit von Syrphidenlarven gegen Pflanzenschutzmittel     

R. Sol  W. Sanders 《Journal of pest science》1959,32(11):169-172

Zusammenfassung In einigen nach verschiedenen Methoden durchgeführten Testversuchen wird festgestellt, daß Syrphidenlarven durch eine Reihe von aphidiziden Pflanzenschußmitteln völlig oder zum Teil ausgeschaltet werden; dies gilt insbesondere für direkten Kontakt mit diesen Mitteln. Junglarven sind giftempfindlicher als Altlarven. Durch Applikation systemisch wirkender Mittel an syrphidenfreie Teile der Pflanzen kann die Mortalität dieser Blattlausfeinde beträchtlich gesenkt werden.  相似文献   

Eine rationalisierte Methode zur Zucht des BuchdruckersIps typographus L. (Coleoptera,Scolytidae)     

G. Gries  Dr. W. Sanders 《Journal of pest science》1984,57(5):90-91

A newly developed method for rearing ofIps typographus L. is presented. This method minimizes the input of labour and improves the success of rearing.  相似文献