BOOK REVIEW     

BP Carmel 《Australian veterinary journal》2002,80(10):625-625

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Veterinary Nursing of Exotic Pets. Girling S. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford     

BP Carmel 《Australian veterinary journal》2004,82(1-2):57-57

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Medicine and Surgery of Tortoises and Turtles.     

BP Carmel 《Australian veterinary journal》2004,82(8):503-503

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Molecular breeding for virus resistant potato plants     

Marianne J. Huisman  Erik Jongedijk  Dinie Posthumus-Lutke Willink  Frank Van Der Wilk  Ben J. C. Cornelissen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(2):29-36

To engineer resistance against potato virus X (PVX), the viral coat protein (CP) gene has been introduced into two potato cultivars. Stable expression of the gene in transgenic clones throughout the growing season has been obtained and resulted in considerably increased virus resistance. With varying frequencies depending on the original cultivar used, true-to-type PVX resistant transgenic clones have been obtained. Since deviant light sprout characteristics were invariably associated with aberrations in plant phenotype, they can be used in procedures to early screen for deviations. Furthermore, it has been possible to unequivocally discriminate between the original untransformed and independent transgenic cultivars. Although no relation has been found between the presence, if any, of the CP of potato virus Y (PVY) or potato leafroll virus (PLRV) in CP gene transgenic potato, appreciable levels of resistance to these viruses has been obtained. This suggests that the mechanism by which a viral CP gene in the potato genome evokes resistance, differs amongst various viruses.  相似文献   

Chronic cryptosporidiosis in Australian elapid snakes: control of an outbreak in a captive colony     

BP CARMEL  V GROVES† 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(8):293-295

An outbreak of chronic cryptosporidiosis resulting in hypertrophic gastritis occurred in a captive colony of Australian elapid snakes. Two species of the genus Notechiswere involved: Notechis ***ater(Black Tiger Snake) and Notechis scutatus (Eastern or Mainland Tiger Snake). The infection was eventually fatal in all 9 affected snakes. Typical histopathological findings of the stomach included mucosal thickening with cystic dilatation of gastric glands, moderate oedema and fibrosis of the lamina propria, and a mild to moderate patchy infiltration of inflammatory cells. Procedures implemented to contain the outbreak included the use of a formaldehyde-based disinfectant, prompt removal of faecal matter, uneaten and regurgitated food from enclosures, and examination of faecal specimens for Cryptosporidium oocysts and other pathogens.  相似文献   

beta -Helical polymers from isocyanopeptides     

Cornelissen JJ  Donners JJ  de Gelder R  Graswinckel WS  Metselaar GA  Rowan AE  Sommerdijk NA  Nolte RJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,293(5530):676-680

Polymerization of isocyanopeptides results in the formation of high molecular mass polymers that fold in a proteinlike fashion to give helical strands in which the peptide chains are arranged in beta-sheets. The beta-helical polymers retain their structure in water and unfold in a cooperative process at elevated temperatures. The peptide architecture in these polymers is a different form of the beta-helix motif found in proteins. Unlike their natural counterparts, which contain arrays of large beta-sheets stacked in a helical fashion, the isocyanopeptide polymers have a central helical core that acts as a director for the beta-sheet-like arrangement of the peptide side arms. The helical structure of these isocyanopeptide polymers has the potential to be controlled through tailoring of the side branches and the hydrogen-bonding network present in the beta-sheets.  相似文献   

Effect of K2SO4 concentration on extractability and isotope signature (δ13C and δ15N) of soil C and N fractions          下载免费PDF全文

M. I. Makarov  T. I. Malysheva  O. V. Menyailo  N. A. Soudzilovskaia  R. S. P. Van Logtestijn  J. H. C. Cornelissen 《European Journal of Soil Science》2015,66(3):417-426

Determination of the labile soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions and measurement of their isotopic signatures (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) has been used widely for characterizing soil C and N transformations. However, methodological questions and comparison of results of different authors have not been fully solved. We studied concentrations and δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N of salt‐extractable organic carbon (SEOC), inorganic (N–NH₄⁺ and N–NO₃^?) and organic nitrogen (SEON) and salt‐extractable microbial C (SEMC) and N (SEMN) in 0.05 and 0.5 m K₂SO₄ extracts from a range of soils in Russia. Despite differences in acidity, organic matter and N content and C and N availability in the studied soils, we found consistent patterns of effects of K₂SO₄ concentration on C and N extractability. Organic C and N were extracted 1.6–5.5 times more effectively with 0.5 m K₂SO₄ than with 0.05 m K₂SO₄. Extra SEOC extractability with greater K₂SO₄ concentrations did not depend on soil properties within a wide range of pH and organic matter concentrations, but the effect was more pronounced in the most acidic and organic‐rich mountain Umbrisols. Extractable microbial C was not affected by K₂SO₄ concentrations, while SEMN was greater when extracted with 0.5 m K₂SO₄. We demonstrate that the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of extractable non‐microbial and microbial C and N are not affected by K₂SO₄ concentrations, but use of a small concentration of extract (0.05 m K₂SO₄) gives more consistent isotopic results than a larger concentration (0.5 m ).  相似文献   

Dictyocaulus viviparus in calves: effect of rotational grazing on the development of infections.     

M Eysker  J H Boersema  J B Cornelissen  F N Kooyman  W A de Leeuw 《Veterinary parasitology》1992,41(1-2):127-135

A study was made of the possibility of reducing lungworm infections in young grazing calves by rotational grazing for weekly periods on six paddocks. For this purpose three groups of four calves each were grazed on separate pastures in 1989, whereas a fourth group served as a permanently housed control group. Two groups of calves were infected experimentally with six doses of 10 larvae of Dictyocaulus viviparus during the first 3 weeks on pasture. In the third group, low natural infections with overwintered larvae occurred. One of the experimentally infected groups was rotationally grazed for weekly periods on six small plots while both other groups were set-stocked. Faecal larval counts and worm counts in tracer calves demonstrated lower lungworm infections in the rotationally grazed group than in both set-stocked groups. However, the numbers of worms found after challenge infection and subsequent necropsy were relatively high in the rotationally grazed group, indicating that development of immunity was less than in both other groups. Owing to the dry weather conditions in the summer of 1989, no serious clinical signs of husk developed in any of the three groups. These dry conditions, however, did not prevent the build-up of heavy pasture infectivity with gastrointestinal nematodes resulting in heavy worm burdens and serious clinical signs in tracer calves grazing for 4 days in August and September-October, respectively. This implies that rotational grazing did not have a clear effect on build-up of gastrointestinal nematode infections.  相似文献   

Rectal tears in the horse: two case reports     

Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM  Cornelissen BP  Laan TT  Enzerink E  Ensink JM 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2004,129(19):618-622

Rectal tears occur incidentally and often have a poor prognosis. Early recognition of the problem and adequate therapy determine the outcome. The history, clinical examination, therapy, and outcome of two horses with grade IIIb and grade IV rectal tears are discussed.  相似文献   

Variants of the recently discovered avian gyrovirus 2 are detected in Southern Brazil and The Netherlands     

dos Santos HF  Knak MB  de Castro FL  Slongo J  Ritterbusch GA  Klein TA  Esteves PA  Silva AD  Trevisol IM  Claassen EA  Cornelissen LA  Lovato M  Franco AC  Roehe PM  Rijsewijk FA 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,155(2-4):230-236

A genome of a virus preliminarily named avian gyrovirus 2 (AGV2), a close relative to chicken anemia virus, was recently discovered in a chicken in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. To study the occurrence of AGV2 in Rio Grande do Sul and the neighboring state Santa Catarina, a number of adult chickens (n=108 and n=48, respectively) were tested for the presence of AGV2 DNA. An AGV2-specific PCR was developed, optimized and used to analyze DNA extracted from clinical samples. AGV2 DNA was detected in 98/108 (90.7%) of samples collected in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and 29/48 (60.4%) of the samples collected in the state of Santa Catarina. In order to check whether AGV2 DNA would be detected in samples from a geographically distant region, DNA from brain samples of 21 diseased chickens from the Netherlands were tested independently, by the same method. In such specimens, 9/21 (42.9%) brain tissue samples were found to contain AVG2 DNA. Sequence analysis of some of the PCR products demonstrated that the amplified AGV2 sequences could vary up to 15.8% and could preliminarily be divided in three groups. This indicated the occurrence of variants of AGV2, which may reflect differences in geographical origin and/or in biological properties. The data presented here provides evidence that AGV2 seems fairly distributed in chickens in Southern Brazil and that AGV2 also circulates in the Netherlands. Besides, circulating viruses display genetic variants whose significance should be further examined, particularly to determine whether AGV2 would play any role in chicken diseases.  相似文献