排序方式： 共有84条查询结果，搜索用时 656 毫秒
1.
Motoo KOITABASHI Masataka IWANO Seiya TSUSHIMA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(2):183-188
Microorganisms isolated from wheat leaf surfaces were screened for inhibition of wheat powdery mildew. A new screening method,
in which wheat leaves were inoculated with Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici and incubated with the cultured microorganisms under non-contact conditions, was developed in the present study. Using this
method, 10 phylloplane fungi that inhibited wheat powdery mildew were selected from 408 microorganisms isolated from wheat
leaf surfaces. Among these 10 strains, a fungus designated as Kyu-W63 had an especially strong inhibitory effect. Kyu-W63
produced white colonies without spores when cultivated on PDA. Kyu-W63 had a strong aromatic odor when being cultured. Wheat
powdery mildew was suppressed even though a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.45 μm was placed between the mycelial colony
and wheat leaf segment. However, when activated charcoal was introduced, Kyu-W63 did not inhibit growth of B. graminis. It was presumed that volatile substances were involved in the inhibitory effect of Kyu-W63. GC-MS analysis was used to identify
two substances produced by Kyu-W63 with molecular weights of 164 and 166. Kyu-W63 also inhibited the in vitro growth of four plant pathogenic fungi other than B. graminis.
Received 19 September 2001/ Accepted in revised form 7 February 2002 相似文献
2.
3.
稻瘟菌水平抗性稳定性的研究——品种与小种适合度的分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在温室条件下,对9个无垂直抗性基因粳稻品种×8个日本标准稻瘟菌株组合测定了侵染几率(IP)、病斑型比例(PB)、病斑扩展速率(LR)和产孢能力(SPC)组分,并据此确定了品种与小种的适合度。方差分析结果表明,除SPC的互作项外,其它组分及类型,方差均达到显著或极显著水平。但品种和小种主效应所占方差更大,从而证实了品种的抗性类型为水平抗性。某些品种在IP、PB及LR组分上反映了小种的专化作用,但因为不同品种在各组分上的抗性反应不同,因此,品种水平抗性的稳定性不能由组分的小种专化作用确定,而须由各组分组成的适合度的小种专化性确定。对品种X小种的适合度进行了互作的多重比较,未发现专化性互作,说明供试品种的水平抗性是稳定的。 相似文献
4.
Hamano M Maeda K Mizukoshi F Une Y Mochizuki M Tohya Y Akashi H Kai K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(8):939-943
Two field isolates of feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) designated as 00-015 and 00-035, were obtained from cats diagnosed as feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR) in Japan. To analyze the character of recent FHV-1, these two isolates and our laboratory strain C7301 were inoculated experimentally to specific-pathogen-free cats. Although all cats showed typical FVR symptoms, more severe clinical symptoms were observed on cats infected with the isolates 00-015 and 00-035 compared with those of C7301-infected cats. Severe ocular lesions including conjunctivitis were found in the cats infected with the isolates, indicating that the recent FHV-1 has a potential to induce severe FVR symptoms including ocular lesions. 相似文献
5.
Suppressive effect of liquid potassium silicate on powdery mildew of strawberry in soil 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Takeshi Kanto Akihiro Miyoshi Takuya Ogawa Kazumasa Maekawa Masataka Aino 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(3):137-142
A soil drench of soluble silicon (liquid potassium silicate) was tested for the control of powdery mildew of strawberry in
soil for 2 years in a vinyl house under growers' conditions on two cultivars: very susceptible Toyonoka and slightly susceptible
Sachinoka. Soluble silicon suppressed the disease more effectively as a preventive control than as a control to reduce initial
incidence. The suppressive effect against this disease was more effective for Toyonoka than for Sachinoka. The control value
of soluble potassium silicate was 85.6% for Toyonoka in the first year and 60.2% in the second year, while for Sachinoka it
was 58% in the first year and 40.6% in the second year. Strawberry leaf hardness was measured for the control and silicate-treated
leaves. Although silicate-treated leaves seemed to be harder than control leaves, leaf hardness did not vary significantly
between controls and silicate-treated leaves in either of the 2 years, and the mode of preventive action of liquid potassium
silicate remains unknown. A factor other than a physical action may be involved. 相似文献
6.
Yang Yonghui; Watanabe Masataka; Li Fadong; Zhang Jiqun; Zhang Wanjun; Zhai Jianwen 《Forestry》2006,79(1):135-147
To estimate the possible effects of site factors and climatechange on forest growth in the Taihang Mountains, northern China,we assessed the factors influencing forest growth by using forestinventory data from 712 forest sample plots. Meteorologicaldata from 77 meteorological stations in the region were usedto estimate temperature and precipitation at each site fromelevation and longitude. Analyses showed that temperature, aspect,precipitation and soil thickness all significantly influencedforest growing stock (FGS), i.e. stem volume. When temperaturerose, FGS was reduced, possibly because increasing temperatureincreased evapotranspiration. Precipitation had a positive effecton FGS. The effect of aspect on FGS was perfectly expressedas a cosine function, with south-west- and south-facing slopeshaving the lowest FGS and north-facing slopes having the highest.We developed multifactorial regression models to predict changesin FGS in the Taihang Mountains. Temperature, forest age, forestcover, soil thickness, precipitation and aspect were well relatedto FGS. The effects of a temperature decrease and a precipitationincrease on FGS would be 2.5–8 per cent per degree centigradeand 10 per cent per 100 mm, respectively. The combination oftemperature increase and precipitation changes under futureclimate change is likely to result in a decrease of FGS, thoughthis does not take account the effect of increasing CO2. Wealso used multifactorial regression models to analyse the effectsof site factors on FGS of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. and Robiniapseudoacacia L., two major species used in afforestation inthe Taihang Mountains. Although site factors had similar effectson FGS, diameter at breast height and tree height of both species,prediction accuracy (regression coefficient) was improved greatlywhen we treated the species separately. 相似文献
7.
Involvement of histone H2B monoubiquitination in the regulation of mouse preimplantation development
Masatoshi OOGA Masataka G. SUZUKI Fugaku AOKI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(3):179-184
Histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) plays an important role in developmental regulation in various vertebrate species. However, the role of H2Bub1 in mammalian preimplantation development remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the role of H2Bub1 in the regulation of mouse preimplantation development. Based on immunocytochemical analysis using an anti-H2Bub1 antibody, no H2Bub1 signal was detected in the metaphase chromosomes of unfertilized oocytes or the pronuclei of early 1-cell stage embryos, but a weak signal was observed in late 1-cell stage embryos. The signal increased after cleavage into the 2-cell stage, and thereafter a strong signal was observed until the blastocyst stage. To assess the significance of H2Bub1 in the regulation of preimplantation development, RNF20 (an H2B-specific ubiquitin E3 ligase) was knocked down using small interfering RNA (siRNAs). In embryos treated with siRNA, the levels of Rnf20 mRNA and H2Bub1 decreased
at the 4-cell and morula stages. Although these embryos developed normally until the morula stage, only one-third developed into the blastocyst stage. These results suggested that H2Bub1 is involved in the regulation of preimplantation development. 相似文献
8.
The effects of replacement of whole‐plant corn with oat and common vetch on the fermentation quality,chemical composition and aerobic stability of total mixed ration silage in Tibet 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Lei Chen Gang Guo Chengqun Yu Jie Zhang Masataka Shimojo Tao Shao 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(1):69-76
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of replacement of whole‐plant corn with oat and common vetch on the fermentation quality, chemical composition and aerobic stability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage in Tibet. Four TMR that varied in the forage sources on dry matter basis were used: (i) 52% whole‐plant corn (Control); (ii) 43% oat + 12% common vetch (OC3.6); (iii) 38% oat + 18% common vetch (OC2.2); and (iv) 33% oat + 23% common vetch (OC1.5). Silos were opened on day 45 and then subjected to an aerobic stability test for 12 days. The results showed that all silages were well preserved with low pH and NH3‐N, and high lactic acid and V‐scores. With the increasing proportion of common vetch, crude protein, ether extract increased (P < 0.05), and neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber decreased (P < 0.05). Under aerobic conditions, treated silages were more stable than the control silage as indicated by lower (P < 0.05) pH and yeast population. It was concluded that replacement of whole‐plant corn with oat and common vetch had no unfavorable effects on the fermentation quality and improved crude protein content and aerobic stability of TMR silage. OC2.2 silage was the best among three treated TMR silages. 相似文献
9.
Katsuyuki Takahashi Motohiro Hirabayashi Kiyoshi Tanabe Yasuyuki Shibata Masataka Nishikawa Kazuhiko Sakamoto 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,185(1-4):305-310
We attempted to elucidate seasonal variations in fossil-fuel-derived carbon (FC) and biomass-derived carbon (BC) in urban atmospheric aerosols. We undertook continuous measurements of the composition of fine particle (PM2.1) in central Tokyo, including the 14C/12C ratio. The percent modern carbon (pMC) contained in all samples averaged 43, and the highest was 54 in late December and the lowest was 31 in early August. From the observed carbonaceous component concentrations and the pMC we could calculate the content ratio of FC and BC in PM2.1 and investigate their seasonal variations. Although there was almost no seasonal variation in the ratio of FC, the ratio of BC was observed to rise in early winter. This indicates that FC is influenced by the emission sources without seasonal variations (such as automobiles driven in urban areas). Furthermore, there is significant correlation between BC and organic carbon (OC), and even for urban areas, it is considered that the contribution of biomass carbon to OC in PM2.1 is high. 相似文献
10.
Saito M Saito K Kunisaki N Kimura S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(24):7169-7174
We have investigated the inhibitory effects of polyphenols from natural products, such as green tea, bilberry, grape, ginkgo, and apple, on rainbow trout gelatinase activities. Gelatinases from the skin, muscle, and blood of rainbow trout contained serine proteinase, metalloproteinase, and other proteinase activities as measured by gelatin zymography. The polyphenols of green tea caused the strong inhibition of some gelatinase activities when compared with those of the other products. This inhibition was quite similar to that of metalloproteinase by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, suggesting that the effects of green tea polyphenols on proteinase activities are specific for metalloproteinases. The major catechins of green tea polyphenols were then separated and identified by reverse-phase chromatography to be (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate, and (-)-epicatechin. The effects of these catechins on gelatinase activities were examined; the most potent inhibitor of metalloproteinase activities was found to be EGCG. These results have indicated that green tea polyphenols including EGCG are useful for regulating metalloproteinase activities of fish meat. 相似文献