氨基酸螯合微肥对旱作水稻苗期生长及生理效应的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

穆杰  徐阳春  朱培淼  沈其荣 《水土保持学报》2006,20(5):178-182

通过盆栽试验研究氨基酸螯合微肥（AA-Met）对早作水稻苗期生长的影响。结果表明：AA-Met能显著提高早作水稻的株高、根长及生物量。喷施后72h内每24h用SPAD-502测定叶绿素相对含量，发现旱作水稻对螯合态微肥的吸收同化速率显著大于无机微肥，但AA—Met与EDTA—Met（EDTA螫合微肥）间差异不显著。等量施用微量元素下，AA—Met和EDTA—Met处理的生物量、叶绿素和生长素含量均显著高于无机微肥处理，而两螯合态微肥处理间差异不显著。可溶性蛋白含量3种微肥处理间差异显著，表现为AA-Met处理〉ED—TA—Met处理〉无机微肥处理（P〈0．05），表明AA—Met可完全替代EDTA—Met。分别喷施稀释100（AA—Met1）和250（AA—Met2）倍AA—Met的溶液时，作物生物量、叶绿素、生长素及可溶性蛋白含量两处理间差异不显著，但显著高于喷施稀释500（AA—Met）倍的AA—Met溶液的处理。  相似文献   

油松幼龄材材性兼论速生材改良与利用   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

徐有明 《华中农业大学学报》1993,12(1):69-73

用山西中条山油松为试材,测定结果表明,株内幼龄材与成熟材的材性差异是,前者管胞长度短、胞壁薄,微纤丝角度大,年轮较宽,径弦向干缩系数小,树干基部基本密度稍大,浸提物含量高,但其力学性能差,顺纹抗压、顺纹抗拉、抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模分别比后者低13.7×10~(-2)、47.7×10~(-2)、11.4×10~(-2)和26.2×10~(-2),不易作承重弯曲构件。根据上述试验结果,讨论了通过林木育种、营林措施和确定合适的轮伐期等途径可以减少幼龄材的比例,改善其材质,以及改进传统的加工工艺,以合理利用速生材。  相似文献   

Allelopathy variation in dryland winter wheat (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Triticum aestivum</Emphasis> L.) accessions grown on the Loess Plateau of China for about fifty years     

S. P. Zuo  Y. Q. Ma  S. Inanaga 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(6):1381-1393

In this study, we investigated the genetic variation of allelopathic potential, its grey correlation with important agronomic characters, and rank analysis on allelopathic stability of fifteen wheat accessions commonly grown in arid regions of the Loess Plateau in China. The genetic variation of allelopathic property in dryland winter wheat showed significant differences between accessions. Allelopathic effects exhibited high heritability (55–95%) throughout the life cycle of wheat. Heritability was highest in the tillering stage and weakest in the seed filling stage. Allelopathic potential varied and was discontinuous throughout the wheat life cycle. Grey correlation analysis indicated a close relationship between allelopathic potential dependant on growth phase and agronomic characters. Allelopathic expression during some growth periods induced a partial correlation effect on some important agronomic characters that affected wheat yield. Allelopathic heritability and its degree of influence on yield were more evident in the vegetative growth stage compared to the reproductive stage. A multiple linear regression was built between allelopathic potential during different growth periods and agronomic characters pursued in wheat breeding. Allelopathic potential had a linear effect on production traits cultivated in wheat breeding. When allelopathic intensity varied from 0 to 1 in the reproductive stage, plant height ranged from 44 to 108 cm, spike length from 6.4 to 9.2 cm, number of spikelets with seeds from 13.4 to 21.0, mean seed number per spike from 41.5 to 50.3 and thousand seed weight from 36.2 to 38.3 g. Based on rank analysis, we concluded that there was a synergistic relationship between allelopathic potential in wheat and genetic, chemical and ecological factors. Triticum aestivum L. ‘No 6 Lankao’ and T. aestivum L. ‘No 22 Xiaoyan’ were identified as stable and relatively strong allelopathic accessions, whereas T. aestivum L. ‘Lankao 95–25’ was a stable but relatively weak allelopathic cultivar. Other varieties showed unstable allelopathic potential.  相似文献   

成龄番木瓜组培快繁技术研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王丽萍  邓泽周  叶祖烈  田利华 《广东农业科学》2012,39(3):43-45

对番木瓜芽的消毒方法、增殖培养、生根培养等进行了研究。结果表明,番木瓜外植体采用热水处理10 min、75%酒精消毒30 s、15%次氯酸钠消毒5 min、0.1%升汞消毒17 min后的消毒效果最好;在番木瓜生根前利用壮苗培养基培养较高、较粗壮的番木瓜幼苗,可以提高生根率;生根后须及时转入未添加IBA的培养基中进行培养,才能获得质量较好的木瓜生根苗,从而提高木瓜苗的移栽成活率。  相似文献   

祁白术多酚酶法提取工艺优化及其抗氧化、抑制黑色素合成活性     

吴永祥  王雅群  戴毅  金泰完  周讯  陈向阳 《核农学报》2019,33(6):1146-1155

为考察祁白术多酚(polyphenols from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz grown in Qimen, AMP)的可利用性,采用响应面分析法优化酶法提取工艺,并研究AMP的抗氧化、抑制黑色素合成活性。结果表明,在料液比1:30 g·mL^-1、酶解时间20 min的条件下,当纤维素酶添加量为1.35%、酶解温度为44℃、pH值为4.7、搅拌转速为670 r·min^-1时,AMP提取量最高,为26.58±0.23 mg·g^-1。统计学分析显示,所选响应面模型拟合较好,优化后的提取工艺条件合理可行。AMP具有较好的抗氧化活性,其总还原力、对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)和2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基清除作用随其浓度的增加而增强。当AMP浓度为0~0.02 mg·mL^-1时,对B16细胞无毒性作用。与α-MSH模型组相比,AMP显著下调了细胞内酪氨酸酶活性(P<0.05),并呈浓度依赖性地抑制细胞内黑色素的合成(P<0.05);当AMP浓度为0.02 mg·mL^-1时,对细胞内酪氨酸酶活性及黑色素合成抑制率分别为30.11%、43.35%,阳性对照熊果苷(0.1 mg·mL^-1)对细胞内酪氨酸酶活性及黑色素合成的抑制率分别为22.03%、39.77%,表明AMP对黑色素生成的抑制效果强于熊果苷。本研究结果为祁白术多酚的综合开发利用提供了依据。  相似文献   

Steam treatment to prevent carrot decay during storage     

Uzi Afek  Janeta Orenstein  Ephraim Nuriel 《Crop Protection》1999,18(10):265-642

Organically grown carrots (Daucus carota L.) have a relatively short storage and shelf life, mainly because chemical measures cannot be implemented to control plant pathogens. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that steam treatments substantially reduced decay of stored organically grown carrots. Prior to being packaged, winter carrots were exposed to 3 s of steam. After 60 days of storage at 0.5°C plus an additional week at shelf conditions (20°C), 2% of the carrots were decayed, as opposed to 23% in the nontreated control. When carrot was inoculated with the fungi Alternaria alternata, [(Fr. : Fr.) Keissler] A. radicina (Meier) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum [(Lib.) De Bary], percentages of decay, after similar periods of storage and shelf life, were 5% for steam-treated carrot and 65% for the nontreated control. In semi-commercial experiments carrots were treated with steam during the sorting process, and similar results were obtained. Higher decay was found in spring-grown carrots because of the presence of the bacterium Erwinia carotovora.sub. sp. carotovora  相似文献   

盐生野菜中硝酸盐·亚硝酸盐·维生素C含量的测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王玉珍  缪金伟 《安徽农业科学》2006,34(10):2104-2105

测定了东营市9种盐生野菜和几种日常食用的蔬菜中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐及维生素C的含量。结果证明:茵陈蒿、山苦荬、酸模、苣荬菜、蒙古雅葱符合无公害蔬菜标准,可以食用,并且他们都含有较多的维生素C,营养价值较高。灰绿藜、藜硝酸盐含量超标,地肤、翅碱蓬、灰绿藜亚硝酸盐含量超标,这些野菜不宜食用。  相似文献   

抗菌肽对凡纳滨对虾生长和血清非特异性免疫指标的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

柴仙琦  冷向军  李小勤  单玲玲  宋宏斌 《淡水渔业》2012,(4):59-62

为考察抗菌肽对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长、饲料利用和免疫能力的影响,分别在基础组饲料中添加0 mg/kg(对照组)、300 mg/kg、400 mg/kg和500 mg/kg抗菌肽,投喂平均体重为(0.8±0.1 g)的凡纳滨对虾6周。结果表明,饲料中添加抗菌肽后,凡纳滨对虾的成活率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);300 mg/kg抗菌肽组的增重率和饲料系数分别为509.10%、1.33,较对照组提高增重率8.76%(P<0.05),降低饲料系数12.5%(P<0.05),而添加400 mg/kg、500 mg/kg抗菌肽对增重率、饲料系数无显著影响,但显著提高了肌肉粗脂肪含量,各处理组在肌肉粗蛋白、水分含量上无显著差异;300 mg/kg、400 mg/kg抗菌肽组的血清碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶及400 mg/kg抗菌肽组的溶菌酶均显著高于对照组。上述研究表明,饲料中添加300 mg/kg抗菌肽,可显著提高凡纳滨对虾成活率和增重率,降低饲料系数;添加400 mg/kg抗菌肽,对血清非特异性免疫指标有提高作用,凡纳滨对虾饲料中抗菌肽的添加量建议为300～400 mg/kg。  相似文献   

明亮熊蜂·中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂为温室草莓授粉的行为观察     

杨甫  王凤鹤  徐希莲 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(20):10711-10713

[目的]综合评价明亮熊蜂、中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂3蜂种对温室草莓的授粉效率,更有效地利用蜜蜂为大棚草莓授粉。[方法]采用2m×2m样方观测3种授粉蜂的行为,测定其出巢温度、日活动时间、访花频率、单花停留时间、花粉移出率、柱头花粉沉降数目及授粉效果等,并对3种授粉蜂的授粉成本进行比较。[结果]整个花期3种蜂均十分活跃,明亮熊蜂较快适应环境,意大利蜜蜂阴天不访花;活动起点温度明亮熊蜂和中华蜜蜂的低于意大利蜜蜂;日活动时间明亮熊蜂和中华蜜蜂较长;花粉移出率明亮熊蜂比中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂的高,但访花频率中华蜜蜂比意大利蜜蜂和明亮熊蜂的高;3种蜂的柱头花粉沉降数目没有显著区别;明亮熊蜂与中华蜜蜂授粉后的草莓平均单产、平均畸形果率差异不显著,而与意大利蜜蜂的差异极显著;意大利蜜蜂、中华蜜蜂成本基本相同,显著比明亮熊蜂成本低。[结论]中华蜜蜂为冬季及早春温度较低状态下大棚草莓授粉最佳。  相似文献   

有机、特别与常规栽培对八种蔬菜土壤养分和酶活性的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

吴彬  和文龙  叶静宜  封雪  沈茂华 《土壤通报》2012,(2):455-460

通过田间试验比较了有机、特别与常规栽培对8种蔬菜土壤基本养分和土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明,与常规栽培相比,有机栽培和特别栽培能够提高土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,改良酸性土壤,并显著提高了土壤酶活性。有机栽培蔬菜土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶和酸性磷酸酶活性均显著高于常规栽培。特别栽培的各项土壤指标基本介于有机和常规之间。研究表明有机栽培能够提高土壤养分和土壤酶活性。  相似文献