气候变化情景下流苏香竹潜在分布区预测     

王文权  张玉霄 《世界竹藤通讯》2021,19(6):21

流苏香竹（Chimonocalamus fimbriatus）是云南特有珍稀竹种，主要分布于云南西南部。文章以野外调查获取的流苏香竹分布信息为主，运用最大熵模型（MaxEnt）同时结合地理信息系统（ArcGIS），基于19个气候因子，预测其在当前及未来气候变化情景下的潜在分布区。结果表明：当前流苏香竹的高适生区和中适生区主要分布于德宏州、保山市和临沧市等地，除迪庆州、丽江市和昭通市外，云南其他区域均有低适生区零星分布。在未来2050s和2070s的2个时间段，基于2种不同共享社会经济路径（SSP1-2.6和SSP5-8.5），流苏香竹的高适生区面积呈减少的趋势，尤其是SSP5-8.5路径下，高适生区面积仅为当前的12.51%（2050s）和18.63%（2070s）；中、低适生区在SSP1-2.6路径下，显著扩张（2050s）或略微扩张（2070s），在SSP5-8.5路径下，则大幅收缩。流苏香竹野外实际分布区及其潜在分布区均以斑块状为主，可能与云南特殊的地形、地貌有关。影响流苏香竹分布的主导气候因子为最湿月份降水量、最暖月份最高温度、最干季度降水量和平均气温日较差。流苏香竹对气候变化比较敏感，根据其野外分布状况，建议以就地保护为主、迁地保护为辅，在其潜在适生区内适当引种栽培。  相似文献   

智慧物流在饲料企业管理中的应用研究     

李明慧 《中国饲料》2021,(3):89-92

饲料行业的竞争日益激烈,其需要学会使用现代科技提升竞争力,智慧物流就是这些技术之一。智慧物流可以提升饲料企业对原材料和产品在物流过程中的管控。本文试图探索智慧物流如何提升饲料企业的管理。通过智慧物流,饲料企业可以改进生产管理的流程和模式,加强采购管理中的风险管理,追踪产品售后的流向和信息,提升企业的产品质量,保证企业财务数据的真实性和可靠性。  相似文献   

Determination of critical nitrogen dilution curve based on leaf area index for winter wheat in the Guanzhong Plain,Northwest China     

Sheng-cai QIANG  Fu-cang ZHANG  Miles Dyck  Yan ZHANG  You-zhen XIANG  Jun-liang FAN 《农业科学学报》2019,18(10):2369-2380

Excessive use of nitrogen(N) fertilizers in agricultural systems increases the cost of production and risk of environmental pollution. Therefore, determination of optimum N requirements for plant growth is necessary. Previous studies mostly established critical N dilution curves based on aboveground dry matter(DM) or leaf dry matter(LDM) and stem dry matter(SDM), to diagnose the N nutrition status of the whole plant. As these methods are time consuming, we investigated the more rapidly determined leaf area index(LAI) method to establish the critical nitrogen(N_c) dilution curve, and the curve was used to diagnose plant N status for winter wheat in Guanzhong Plain in Northwest China. Field experiments were conducted using four N fertilization levels(0, 105, 210 and 315 kg ha-1) applied to six wheat cultivars in the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 growing seasons. LAI, DM, plant N concentration(PNC) and grain yield were determined. Data points from four cultivars were used for establishing the N_c curve and data points from the remaining two cultivars were used for validating the curve. The N_c dilution curve was validated for N-limiting and non-N-limiting growth conditions and there was good agreement between estimated and observed values. The N nutrition index(NNI) ranged from 0.41 to 1.25 and the accumulated plant N deficit(N_(and)) ranged from 60.38 to –17.92 kg ha~(-1) during the growing season. The relative grain yield was significantly affected by NNI and was adequately described with a parabolic function. The N_c curve based on LAI can be adopted as an alternative and more rapid approach to diagnose plant N status to support N fertilization decisions during the vegetative growth of winter wheat in Guanzhong Plain in Northwest China.  相似文献   

植物免疫诱导剂在草莓中的应用情况     

苗立祥  杨肖芳  张豫超  蒋桂华 《蔬菜》2021,(1):24-28

为了助力实现草莓的安全生产,对一类能诱导植物产生免疫防御反应的植物免疫诱导剂在草莓中的应用情况进行综述。主要阐述了植物免疫诱导剂的种类、诱导机理及其在草莓栽培上的应用现状,发现:植物免疫诱导剂能促进草莓生长和发育、诱导抗病性、提高产量、改善果实品质、提高耐贮性等,从而减少了化学农药的使用,有利于草莓高质量生产,应用前景广阔。  相似文献   

Soil quality assessments in integrated crop–livestock–forest systems: A review     

Gustavo Pereira Valani  Aline Fachin Martíni  Laura Fernanda Simes da Silva  Renata Cristina Bovi  Miguel Cooper 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):22-36

Integrated crop–livestock–forest is a promising strategy to improve soil quality. It comprises four different integrated farming systems: crop–livestock, crop–forest, forest–livestock and crop–livestock–forest. This work systematically reviewed studies about integrated crop–livestock–forest systems and soil quality. A total of 92 papers were retrieved from the Web of Science—Clarivate Analytics platform, and the following information was analysed: publication year, institution, region of the studied site, type of integrated system, soil type, tillage system, maximum soil depth and the soil quality indicators assessed. Most studies were published in the second half of the 2010s. Brazil is a prominent focus of research about soil quality and integrated crop–livestock–forest systems, with significant contribution from its central and southern regions. The Embrapa was the main publishing institution, present in over one‐third of the studies. Crop–livestock was the most common integrated system, Ferralsols was the most common soil group, and most of the studied soils were clayey. No tillage was the main tillage system. Most studies focused on the topsoil, assessing physical and/or chemical soil quality indicators. More emphasis on biological indicators of soil quality is required, as well as assessments integrating biological, physical and chemical indicators of soil quality. Future works should compare different integrated systems, including assessments deeper in the soil profile, especially in systems with the forest component, and also in sandy and silty soils. Soil quality indicators that have been rarely used should be further tested. Novel indicators should be added to better understand the promotion of soil quality by integrated crop–livestock–forest systems.  相似文献   

体外产气法评价全株藜麦与全株玉米混合青贮饲料饲用价值     

路平乐  魏玉明  杨发荣  江小帆  李倩  赵生国  蔡原  焦婷 《草地学报》2021,29(11):2391-2398

为提高全株藜麦的饲料化利用率，寻找其与全株玉米的最佳青贮比，试验共设全株藜麦与全株玉米比为100：0，90：10，80：20等11个组合进行青贮发酵，发酵60 d后测定各组青贮料的体外产气发酵指标，使用灰色关联度分析筛选出最佳青贮比例。结果表明，体外发酵至36 h时，各处理组GP趋于稳定，体外发酵减弱接近停止；全株藜麦与全株玉米比例为90：10时，该青贮饲料组合的粗蛋白（CP）和粗脂肪（EE）含量显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），乙酸（AA）、总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）含量以及氨态氮（NH₃-N）浓度显著高于其他各处理（P<0.05）。分析表明，全株藜麦与全株玉米比例为90：10时，混合青贮饲料的营养品质和产气发酵特性综合表现最好，可作为优质混合青贮饲料在家畜养殖中推广使用。  相似文献   

山下黑猪与鲁莱黑猪正反交F1代杂种优势的估计     

晏敏  李龙云  肖石军  郑浩  张则凯  黄黎斌  姚文武  涂金敏  郭源梅 《畜牧兽医学报》2021,52(11):3030-3041

旨在估计山下黑猪和鲁莱黑猪正反交F₁代杂种优势，筛选出合适的杂交方式，以提高优质肉猪的生产效率，满足人们对于优质猪肉的需求。本研究在山下黑猪（164头）和鲁莱黑猪（69头）及其正（6头山下黑猪♂×25头鲁莱黑猪♀）、反（3头鲁莱黑猪♂×35头山下黑猪♀）交4个群体中测定了生长肥育、体尺外貌（75～110 kg）、繁殖和胴体肉质（90～115 kg）4大类共43个性状，比较了这些性状在群体间的差异，并估计了正反交F₁代的杂种优势。结果表明，山下黑猪的生长肥育和体尺性状较好，鲁莱黑猪的繁殖和肉质性状较好，正反交群体介于它们之间。正交群体的繁殖性能优于反交群体，但生长肥育性能比反交差。由于这4个群体的母猪都是纯种，因此繁殖性状没有表现出明显杂种优势。除膘厚、胸椎数、45 min pH和剪切力无显著的杂种优劣势外，大部分胴体性状和肉质性状有明显的杂种劣势。生长肥育性状的杂种优势在正反交群体中的表现不一致，反交群体表现出显著杂种优势，而正交则无明显的杂种优势。本研究估计了山下黑猪和鲁莱黑猪正反交的杂种优势，为筛选山下黑猪和鲁莱黑猪的最佳杂交方式奠定基础。  相似文献   

蔬菜幼苗叶面积快速测定方法筛选与优化     

潘铜华  王云龙  杨俊伟  习林杰  丁娟娟  张静  邹志荣 《中国蔬菜》2018,1(8):64-69

为得到一种快速且准确测定蔬菜幼苗叶面积的方法,以番茄幼苗为试材,以方格法为对照,研究扫描分析法、叶面积仪法、打孔称重法测定叶面积的准确性、精确性与测定速度,然后采用黄瓜、辣椒叶片及纸片的面积对测定结果进行验证,最后基于不同扫描分辨率对筛选出的方法进行优化。结果表明,相比叶面积仪法和打孔称重法,扫描分析法测定结果更接近真实值,且精度更高,用时更短。扫描分析法不同分辨率下测定结果无显著差异,且扫描分辨率越低所需测定时间越短。扫描分辨率50 dpi下的扫描分析法可作为一种快速准确测定蔬菜幼苗叶面积的方法。  相似文献   

黑龙江省国有林区脆弱异质性家庭对停伐政策的态度及影响因素研究     

杨博琳  王蕾  刘钰佳  李娇  赵宗胤 《安徽农业科学》2017,45(16)

基于2016年黑龙江省重点国有林区348户家庭的微观调查数据,实证分析黑龙江省国有林区脆弱异质性家庭对停伐政策的态度及影响因素。采用因子分析与综合评价法将348户职工家庭分为脆弱性家庭和非脆弱性家庭,描述性分析2组样本家庭对停伐政策的态度及认知情况,利用多元有序logit模型分析脆弱性与非脆弱性家庭对停伐政策态度的影响因素。结果表明:非脆弱性家庭对停伐政策的了解程度及执行情况的评价均高于脆弱性家庭,脆弱性家庭相对非脆弱性家庭对停伐政策的认可度较高,但是应对风险冲击的能力相对较低。脆弱性家庭和非脆弱性家庭对停伐政策的态度受户主特征、家庭特征以及政策认知特征变量的显著影响,但脆弱性家庭变量参数估计绝对值相对更大,因而停伐政策对脆弱性家庭有着更为敏感和强烈的冲击。  相似文献   

Effects of split feeding on performance,egg quality,and bone strength in brown laying hens in aviary system     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2018,27(3):401-415

  相似文献