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Sarah L. Rawlings Richard J. O&#x;Connell Jonathan R. Green 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2007,70(4-6):110-119
The spores (conidia) of the bean anthracnose fungal pathogen, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, adhere to the aerial parts of plants to initiate the infection process. In previous studies we have shown that the Colletotrichum spores are surrounded by a fibrillar spore coat, comprising several major glycoproteins. Previous evidence showed that a monoclonal antibody (UB20) that recognised these glycoproteins was able to inhibit adhesion of spores to a hydrophobic surface. In this paper we have further studied the role of the spore coat in adhesion, germination and fungal development by studying the effects of UB20 and protease treatment of spores. The latter treatment has previously been shown to remove the spore coat. Spores germinate on glass, polystyrene and water agar, however, appressoria only develop on glass or polystyrene, showing a requirement for a hard surface. Removal of the spore coat with protease inhibits adhesion at 30 min, before the secretion of ECM glycoproteins. Protease treatment also inhibits the development of appressoria and reduces pathogenicity on leaves. Incubation of spores with the MAb UB20 inhibits adhesion at 30 min, but does not affect appressorium formation or pathogenicity. The results suggest that an intact spore coat has two functions; it is required for adhesion to a hydrophobic surface and for the detection of a hard surface necessary for appressorium formation. We suggest that contact with a hard surface, rather than adhesion, is the key event leading to appressorium formation. 相似文献
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玫烟色拟青霉孢子萌发和附着胞形成的影响因子研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用不同种类、不同浓度的培养液离体培养玫烟色拟青霉孢子,观察其萌发过程,结果显示,玫烟色拟青霉孢子萌发可以产生单极芽管和双极芽管,而且芽管顶端膨大可形成附着胞,附着胞形态以球形和棍棒状为主;不同培养液中,孢子萌发和附着胞形成率不同,其中0.1%的菜青虫体壁浸出液(CL)培养液中孢子萌发率和附着胞形成率最高,分别达到79.01%和18.69%。不同基质对玫烟色拟青霉孢子萌发和附着胞形成的影响也不同,蝉翅较适合玫烟色拟青霉孢子萌发和附着胞形成。 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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Stilbene phytoalexins are identified as defence response in pathogen–grapevine interactions, but little information is available on the role of stilbenes on Erysiphe necator, causal agent of grapevine powdery mildew. Analysis of stilbenes in artificially infected leaf discs from susceptible to highly resistant cultivars was performed and compared to the development of the pathogen. Results indicate that stilbene synthesis is confined in infected cells, penetrated by an appressorium–peg. Stilbene amounts expressed by infection site allow discriminating susceptible and resistant cultivars. Highest viniferins concentrations on resistant cultivars are in correspondence with the observed inhibition of the pathogen growth. The analysis of stilbenes at the infection site and viniferins accumulation in grapevine defence reaction is discussed. 相似文献
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Masaki Kanamori Ken-ichiro Saitoh Tsutomu Arie Takashi Kamakura Tohru Teraoka 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(4):253-262
The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea differentiates appressoria, which are required to attack its rice plant host. Clone A26, tentatively named LPL1, was previously found to be homologous to the known lysophospholipase genes from our subtractive cDNA library. The LPL1 protein had a consensus motif (GxSxG) and a catalytic triad (S, D, H) of esterases in the deduced amino acid sequence, and the protein expressed in Escherichia coli had lysophospholipase activity. To clarify the functions and possible roles of LPL1, the gene was disrupted by targeted gene replacement. The ΔLPL1 mutants formed fewer appressoria on the hydrophobic surface of GelBond film, and the appressoria had reduced turgor pressure and penetration into cells of the leaf sheath. The ΔLPL1 mutants and wild-type differentiated normal appressoria on other artificial substrata such as polycarbonate plate and on rice leaf sheath. Cytological analysis of the appressoria indicated that ΔLPL1 mutants had a delay in the disappearance of lipid droplets. These findings imply that LPL1, phospholipid metabolism, or both are involved in glycerol biosynthesis and accumulation to generate turgor pressure in the appressorium. LPL1 was, however, dispensable for full pathogenicity, suggesting that other complementary pathways or similar genes related to phospholipid metabolism probably function in M. grisea. 相似文献
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不同诱导因素对玉米大斑病菌附着胞产生的影响 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
附着胞是许多叶部病原真菌的重要侵染机构。在不同温度、光照条件、基质和培养时间下,对玉米大斑病菌1号小种和2号小种分别在玻璃平板和玉米叶片上进行附着胞的室内诱导,发现分生孢子的水悬浮液在玻璃平板和玉米叶片的上表面及下表面都可产生附着胞,附着胞都能正常萌发并产生侵入丝,但在玉米叶片上附着胞和侵入丝的产生时间要晚于玻璃平板,产生数量也少。玉米大斑病菌分生孢子在PD培养基中产生的附着胞数目少于清水处理。影响玉米大斑病菌附着胞生长和发育的决定因素是温度,在玻璃平板上10～36℃培养24h后就可以产生附着胞,但最适宜的 相似文献
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目的寻找新型的植物源杀菌剂,对黄瓜炭疽病的有效防治具有重要的理论意义。方法选用34种植物的80%乙醇提取物(储藏期为6个月),采用生长速率法和水洋菜平板表面萌发法,测试其对黄瓜炭疽病菌(Colletotrichumlagenarium)的抑制作用。结果供试提取物在质量浓度为0.01g/ml条件下,甘草、枸杞、金钱草等11种植物的80%乙醇提取物对黄瓜炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发的抑制率大于60%,其中甘草的抑制作用最强,达99.6%;12种提取物对黄瓜炭疽病菌菌丝生长的抑制率大于50%;15种提取物对黄瓜炭疽病菌附着胞形成抑制率达50%。结论大部分植物提取物对测试病菌具有一定程度的抑制作用,只有极少数提取物对病菌的菌丝生长、分生孢子萌发、附着胞形成等不同的发育阶段均表现出强烈的抑菌效果,与对照达极显著差异。 相似文献
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三环唑影响玉米大斑病菌致病力的机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
玉米大斑病菌主要通过附着胞的机械穿透力侵染寄主,三环唑能够降低玉米大斑病菌对寄主的致病力。对三环唑培养下玉米大斑病菌附着胞形成、膨压变化过程以及病菌的侵染效能等进行分析,探讨三环唑抑制玉米大斑病菌侵染的机制。结果表明,5μg/m L三环唑药剂培养下的玉米大斑病菌在附着胞发育时期和附着胞成熟期的膨压较不加药剂处理分别下降了0.22 MPa和1.72 MPa,接菌后72 h对寄主的侵染效率也明显下降,三环唑主要通过影响成熟期附着胞形成高膨压降低病菌的侵染能力。 相似文献