Detect unique molecular structure associated with physiochemical properties in CDC varieties of oat grain with unique nutrient traits [Feed Type vs. Milling Type] in comparison with barley grain using advanced molecular spectroscopy as a non-destructive biological tool     

《Journal of Cereal Science》2017

The objective of this study was to determinate grain unique protein inherent molecular structure that are related physiochemical and nutrient profiles in CDC developed oat varieties [CDC Nasser (Feed Type) and CDC Seabiscuit (Milling Type)] grown in cool climate condition in western Canada in comparison with conventional barley variety of CDC Meredith as a control using advanced molecular spectroscopy. Multivariate analyses, including an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (CLA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were performed to identify protein molecular structural differences among the grains. The results revealed that CDC Seabiscuit contained greater (P < 0.05) protein structural Amide I and II than CDC Nasser and CDC Meredith, while the greater (P < 0.005) structural Amide I to II area and height ratios was detected in CDC Meredith. New oat grains had greater (P < 0.05) β-sheet height than barley grains, however, there was no difference in α-helix to β-sheet ratio values among the varieties. In conclusion, CDC Nasser and CDC Meredith had no difference in protein molecular structural features, while CDC Seabiscuit contains different protein structural characteristics as compared to CDC Meredith grain. The molecular structure features are highly associated with physiochemical and nutrient profiles in grains, which indicate that it also affect nutrient utilization and availability.  相似文献   

Perspectives on validation in digital soil mapping of continuous attributes—A review     

Kristin Piikki  Johanna Wetterlind  Mats Sderstrm  Bo Stenberg 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):7-21

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Digital mapping of soil ecosystem services in Scotland using neural networks and relationship modelling—Part 1: Mapping of soil classes     

Matt J. Aitkenhead  Malcolm C. Coull 《Soil Use and Management》2019,35(2):205-216

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灵芝硒多糖SeGLP—1抑制小鼠肝腹水癌作用的研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

尚德静  崔乔  高林 《食用菌学报》2001,8(3):34-38

灵芝硒多糖SeGLP-1由葡萄糖、甘露糖、木糖、半乳糖和鼠李糖组成，与灵芝多糖一样是由α-糖苷键连接的吡喃多糖，硒在多糖内极可能是以O=Se=O的形式结合。给移杆肝腹水癌HCa-f的小鼠每日注射50mg/kg的SeGLP-1,15d后抑癌率可达80%，说明SeGLP-1的抑癌作用与其分子组成和分子结构的变化有关。  相似文献   

我国部分地区ＮＤＶ的分子流行病学研究   总被引：56，自引：10，他引：46  

曹殿军  郭鑫  梁荣  闫丽辉  刘培欣  闵平  陈杰 《中国预防兽医学报》2001,23(1):29-32

本研究根据新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）Ｆ基因编码区１－３７４位核苷酸序列计算其遗传距离并给出了ＮＤＶ的系统发育进化树，将６８株ＮＤＶ分为９个基因型（３０株为国内分离株），其中Ⅰ－Ⅵ是早已存在的老基因型，Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ为新发现的基因型，特别是Ⅸ为我国特有的基因型（Ｆ４８ＥＯ、Ｍ３、ＨＬＪ－３、ＨeB-1P和ＮＭ－５）。１９９７－１９９９年我国云南、广西、甘肃、陕西、新疆等地分离的ＹＮ－１Ｐ、ＧＸ－３、Ｈ１、Ｈ２、Ｐ１、ＧＸ－１、ＧＸ－２、ＧＳ－３、ＳＨＸ－２、ＳＨＸ－３、ＳＨＸ－６、ＳＨＸ－７、ＸＪ－２和１９９１年分离的ＨuB-1均属于Ⅶ基因型，该基因型的病毒是９０年以来引起新城疫发生的主要病原。根据遗传距离和分离年代可将此基因型进一步划分为５个基因亚型，分别是Ⅶa、Ⅶb、Ⅶc、Ⅶd和Ⅶe。此外ＨuN-1/98、HLJ-4/95和ＨeH-1P属一个老的基因Ⅵ，１９７９－１９８５年分离自青海的ＱＨ－１、ＱＨ－２、ＱＨ－４属于一个新的基因型－Ⅷ型。可见在我国新城疫的流行是极其复杂的，既有老基因型的危害（Ⅰ－Ⅵ），又有新基因型（Ⅶ）的流行，更有我国独特Ⅷ和Ⅸ基因潜伏。  相似文献   

In situ radiometric mapping of soil erosion and field-moist bulk density on cultivated fields     

A.N. Tyler  D.A. Davidson  I.C. Grieve 《Soil Use and Management》2001,17(2):88-96

Abstract. Recent developments in in situγ ray spectrometry offer a new approach to measuring the activity of radionuclides such as ¹³⁷Cs and ⁴⁰K in soils, and thus estimating erosion or deposition rates and field moist bulk density (ρ_m). Such estimates would be rapid and involve minimal site disturbance, especially important where archaeological remains are present. This paper presents the results of a pilot investigation of an eroded field in Scotland in which a portable hyper pure germanium (HPGe) detector was used to measure γ ray spectra in situ. The gamma (γ) photon flux observed at the soil surface is a function of the ¹³⁷Cs inventory, its depth distribution characteristics and ρ_m. A coefficient, Q_Cs, derived from the forward scattering of ¹³⁷Cs γ ray photons within the soil profile relative to the ¹³⁷Cs full energy peak (662 keV), was used to correct the in situ calibration for changes in the ¹³⁷Cs vertical distribution in the ploughed field, a function of tillage, soil accumulation and ρ_m. Based on only 8 measurements, the agreement between in situγ ray spectrometry and soil sample measurements of ¹³⁷Cs inventories improved from a non significant r²=0.05 to a significant r²=0.62 (P<0.05). Erosion and deposition rates calculated from the corrected in situ¹³⁷Cs measurements had a similarly good agreement with those calculated from soil cores. Mean soil bulk density was also calculated using a separate coefficient, Q_K, derived from the forward scattering γ photons from ⁴⁰K within the soil relative to the ⁴⁰K full energy peak (1460 keV). Again there was good agreement with soil core measurements (r²=0.64; P<0.05). The precision of the in situ¹³⁷Cs measurement was limited by the precision with which Q_Cs can be estimated, a function of the low ¹³⁷Cs deposition levels associated with the weapons testing fallout and relatively low detector efficiency (35%). In contrast, the precision of the in situ ρ_m determination was only limited by the spatial variability associated with soil sampling.  相似文献   

Genetic Engineering Approaches to Pig Production*     

B. Brenig  G. Brem 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1991,26(1):14-21

Modern biotechnology promises a number of new applications in animal breeding and production. Although conventional pig breeding has achieved a high level of efficiency and productivity numerous problems have been encountered with animal health and the loss of meat quality. Selection based on phenotypic performance data of individual animals does not take into account the importance of specific genes and their relevance within a complex regulatory system. In most cases it is therefore difficult to trace back the genetic origins of clinically important disorders. The application of genetic engineering techniques in pig production will facilitate diagnosis, improvement of productivity, and animal health by allowing direct genetic manipulation. Attention must be focussed on the physical and genetic analysis of the procine genome. The isolation and characterisation of genes, DNA-markers, polymorphic DNA-fragments, and their chromosomal assignment will be important prerequisites and tools for the elucidation of genetic disorders. Especially the detection of heterozygous carriers of recessive disorders and their elimination from the breeding stock will increase selection accuracy and decrease the generation intervals. But also the rapid and simple detection of infectious diseases, which is sometimes difficult if not impossible at present, will improve animal health and welfare. Although the production of transgenic animals either by DNA-microinjection into zygotes or the use of embryonal stem cells manipulated in vitro is less straightforward than DNA-based diagnosis it will play an important role in the direct manipulation of the porcine genome and genes. Breeding programmes including the use of transgenic livestock have already been developed. There is no doubt that genetic engineering has reached a degree of practical feasibility, allowing it to play an important role in pig breeding in particular and animal production in general.  相似文献   

An investigation of uncertainty in field habitat mapping and the implications for detecting land cover change     

Andrew Cherrill  Colin McClean 《Landscape Ecology》1995,10(1):5-21

Land cover data for landscape ecological studies are frequently obtained by field survey. In the United Kingdom, temporally separated field surveys have been used to identify the locations and magnitudes of recent changes in land cover. However, such map data contain errors which may seriously hinder the identification of land cover change and the extent and locations of rare landscape features. This paper investigates the extent of the differences between two sets of maps derived from field surveys within the Northumberland National Park in 1991 and 1992. The method used in each survey was the Phase 1 approach of the Nature Conservancy Council of Great Britain. Differences between maps were greatest for the land cover types with the smallest areas. Overall spatial correspondence between maps was found to be only 44.4%. A maximum of 14.4% of the total area surveyed was found to have undergone genuine land cover change. The remaining discrepancies, equivalent to 41.2% of the total survey area, were attributed primarily to differences of land cover interpretation between surveyors (classification error). Differences in boundary locations (positional error) were also noted, but were found to be a relatively minor source of error. The implications for the detection of land cover change and habitat mapping are discussed.  相似文献   

Dynamics ofRhizoctonia solani (black scurf) in successive potato crops     

G. Jager  H. Velvis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1995,101(4):467-478

The position of plants withRhizoctonia solani sclerotia (black scurf) on progeny tubers was mapped for an experimental field at Haren where potatoes were grown continuously and in rotation with other crops for five successive years, and for another field at Borgercompagnie with a 12 frequency of potatoes during three potato crops. Initially, the distribution of plants with black scurf on both fields was rather dense and homogeneous. In the following years the distribution became heterogeneous and patchy. The local decline ofR. solani AG 3 (the common potato pathogen) in Haren was apparently caused by an unknown factor selectively suppressingR. solani AG 3, while simultaneouslyR. solani AG 5 increased in mass. This AG 5 type proved to be an inferior competitor of AG 3 on the potato plant in a laboratory experiment. The specificR. solani antagonistVerticillium biguttatum did not play a role. A similar factor could have reduced the formation of black scurf in the experimental field at Borgercompagnie, whereV. biguttatum was also too infrequent to account for the decline.R. solani AG 5 was not present here and could not indicate the presence of a selective factor against AG 3.  相似文献   

South-Western blot mapping方法的建立及其应用于锥虫细胞核中DNA结合蛋白的观察     

欧永春  T.Baltz 《中国兽医学报》1992,(2)

South-Westerm blot mapping是一种结合Western blotting和Southern blotting某些特点的方法.本文介绍用其成功地观察到锥虫核蛋白中DNA结合蛋白的情况,并对一个分子量在40000左右、于较严谨条件下与DNA结合的核蛋白进行了特性鉴定.该蛋白等量地存在于锥虫的前循环期和血液期,对双链DNA有较大的亲和力,并能与酵母菌复制起始片段结合.本文还介绍了锥虫细胞核的提取技术和核蛋白的制备技术.  相似文献