剩余污泥臭氧化减量处置方法研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谭笑 《安徽农业科学》2015,(11):255-256

综合臭氧污泥减量化近年来的发展和研究,对其技术原理和工艺应用进行分析,提出了其现存问题,并讨论了未来的技术发展万向.  相似文献   

臭氧果蔬保鲜包装技术及试验   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

高德  谷吉海  董静  徐晓娟 《农业机械学报》2006,37(8):190-193

臭氧果蔬保鲜技术的关键是如何控制和调节包装内氧气和二氧化碳的体积分数,包装材料气透率是调节包装内气体体积分数的主要因素。综合果蔬呼吸和薄膜透气两个相互交叉的动态过程,提出一种新的果蔬包装薄膜透气率的计算方法。在清水蜜桃、油豆角的臭氧保鲜试验中测试了臭氧果蔬保鲜薄膜不同厚度以及不同保鲜时间的腐烂率、好果率、失重率、可溶性固形物含量、还原糖含量、总酸、维生素C含量、叶绿素含量等指标,结果表明,以上果蔬的保鲜期至少延长2周以上。  相似文献   

A spatially-explicit method to assess the dry deposition of air pollution by urban forests in the city of Florence,Italy     

《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2017

Urban forests (UF) provide a range of important ecosystem services (ES) for human well-being. Relevant ES delivered by UF include urban temperature regulation, runoff mitigation, noise reduction, recreation, and air purification. In this study the potential of air pollution removal by UF in the city of Florence (Italy) was investigated. Two main air pollutants were considered – particulate matter (PM₁₀) and tropospheric ozone (O₃) – with the aim of providing a methodological framework for mapping air pollutant removal by UF and assessing the percent removal of air pollutant.The distribution of UF was mapped by high spatial resolution remote sensing data and classified into seven forest categories. The Leaf Area Index (LAI) was estimated spatially using a regression model between in-field LAI survey and Airborne Laser Scanning data and it was found to be in good linear agreement with estimates from ground-based measurements (R² = 0.88 and RMSE% = 11%). We applied pollution deposition equations by using pollution concentrations measured at urban monitoring stations and then estimated the pollutant removal potential of the UF: annual O₃ and PM₁₀ removal accounted for 77.9 t and 171.3 t, respectively. O₃ and PM₁₀ removal rates by evergreen broadleaves (16.1 and 27.3 g/m²), conifers (10.9 and 28.5 g/m²), and mixed evergreen species (15.8 and 31.7 g/m²) were higher than by deciduous broadleaf stands (4.1 and 10 g/m²). However, deciduous forests exhibited the largest total removal due to the high percentage of tree cover within the city. The present study confirms that UF play an important role in air purification in Mediterranean cities as they can remove monthly up to 5% of O₃ and 13% of PM₁₀.  相似文献   

棚架下垂叶幕与水平叶幕对香百川葡萄叶片光合特性的影响     

范东英  王浩  傅彩琦  郑秋玲  高振  康慧  杜远鹏 《果树学报》2022,39(2):193-202

[目的]比较棚架下垂叶幕和水平叶幕下葡萄叶片臭氧伤害状况以及对光合性能的影响.[方法]以5年生的葡萄品种香百川为试材,利用臭氧监测仪监测7-9月份栽培环境中臭氧浓度,采用CIRAS-3便携式光合作用测定仪和Handy PEA测定2种叶幕叶片的净光合速率和荧光特性.[结果]下垂叶幕缓解了臭氧伤害情况,其主梢叶片发生臭氧伤...  相似文献   

室温臭氧保鲜草菇研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

董华强  崔志新 《中国食用菌》1999,18(2):40-42

用不同臭氧浓度处理新鲜草菇，结合聚乙烯薄膜包装保鲜贮藏，以５×１０－６臭氧处理草菇效果最好，较对照贮藏寿命延长了１０ｈ，延长了３８％，各处理的过氧化物酶活性、可溶性蛋白质含量和游离氨基酸含量，均随臭氧处理浓度增加而上升。文章对这些生化指标变化进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Changing climate and potential impacts on potato yield and quality ‘CHIP’: introduction, aims and methodology     

L. De Temmerman  A. Hacour  M. Guns 《European Journal of Agronomy》2002,17(4):233-242

Climate change effects caused by an increasing concentration of CO₂ and ozone represent an issue of major concern both for scientists and policy-makers. In a concerted program funded by the Commission of the European Union, a European network of experiments (in open-top chambers (OTC), and free air carbon dioxide enrichment systems (FACE)) and modelling was carried out to investigate the effects of increasing atmospheric CO₂ and ozone concentrations, under different climatic conditions, on potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bintje). This contribution describes the experimental network and the standard protocol set-up for the assessments that served to improve and to validate process oriented potato growth simulation models leading to scenarios of future productivity of potato in Europe.  相似文献   

CO₂ and ozone effects on canopy development of potato crops across Europe     

A. Hacour  J. Craigon  K. Vandermeiren  K. Ojanper  H. Pleijel  H. Danielsson  P. Hgy  J. Finnan  M. Bindi 《European Journal of Agronomy》2002,17(4):257-272

This paper describes the effects of elevated CO₂ (550 and 680 μl l⁻¹) and O₃ (60 nl l⁻¹ O₃ as an 8 h mean), alone or in combination, on canopy development and senescence in potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv Bintje) across a range of European agro-climatic conditions. The assessments were made within the European CHIP project (CHanging climate and potential Impacts on Potato yield and quality) that was conducted for two growing seasons (1998 and 1999) in free air CO₂ enrichment systems (FACE) and open-top chamber facilities (OTCs) at seven European sites. A comparison of chambered and unchambered experimental plots was included to examine the effects of chamber enclosure. Phenological growth stages, plant height, leaf area index (LAI) and the number of green and yellow leaves were recorded non-destructively throughout the growing season and by a destructive intermediate harvest at maximum leaf area (MLA). In the dynamic growth analysis CO₂ and O₃ effects were studied over three developmental stages: canopy expansion, full canopy and canopy senescence. Chamber enclosures promoted potato crop development (taller plants, more leaves) during the initial growth stages and led to a faster decline of LAI and a higher number of yellow leaves. The growth in ambient plots varied between sites and seasons, as did the scale of the treatment responses. Despite the large background variation, some overall treatment effects could be detected across all sites. Both levels of increased CO₂ reduced final plant height in comparison to ambient concentrations, which indicates a premature ending of the active plant growth. At the stage of full canopy and crop senescence the average number of green leaves was significantly (P<0.05) decreased by 680 μl l⁻¹ CO₂ (OTC experiments) and LAI showed the same tendency (P=0.07). As there was however no indication of a decreased leaf formation during initial growth and at full canopy, this must have been due to an earlier leaf fall. In the FACE experiments LAI had already began to decline at the stage of full canopy at 550 μl l⁻¹ CO₂ but not in ambient CO₂ (DAE×CO₂, P<0.05). These observations strongly indicated that elevated CO₂ induced a premature senescence during full canopy. O₃ did not have an overall detrimental effect on crop development during initial growth nor at full canopy, but did induce a faster reduction of LAI during crop senescence (DAE×O₃, P<0.05). Final plant height was not affected by O₃. There were few CO₂×O₃ interactions detected. There was a suggestion (P=0.06) that O₃ counteracted the CO₂-induced decrease of green leaves at full canopy, but on the other hand during crop senescence the decline of LAI due to elevated O₃ was faster at ambient compared to elevated CO₂ (P<0.05). These responses of canopy development to elevated CO₂ and O₃ help to explain the treatment responses of potato yield within the CHIP project at sites across Europe.  相似文献   

Nitrous oxide emissions from fertilised grassland: A 2-year study of the effects of N fertiliser form and environmental conditions     

H. Clayton  I. P. McTaggart  J. Parker  L. Swan  K. A. Smith 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1997,25(3):252-260

The aim was to investigate the effects of different N fertilisers on nitrous oxide (N₂O) flux from agricultural grassland, with a view to suggesting fertiliser practices least likely to cause substantial N₂O emissions, and to assess the influence of soil and environmental factors on the emissions. Replicate plots on a clay loam grassland were fertilised with ammonium sulphate (AS), urea (U), calcium nitrate (CN), ammonium nitrate (AN), or cattle slurry supplemented with AN on three occasions in each of 2 years. Frequent measurements were made of N₂O flux and soil and environmental variables. The loss of N₂O-N as a percentage of N fertiliser applied was highest from the supplemented slurry (SS) treatment and U, and lowest from AS. The temporal pattern of losses was different for the different fertilisers and between years. Losses from U were lower than those from AN and CN in the spring, but higher in the summer. The high summer fluxes were associated with high water-filled pore space (WFPS) values. Fluxes also rose steeply with temperature where WFPS or mineral N values were not limiting. Total annual loss was higher in the 2nd year, probably because of the rainfall pattern: the percentage losses were 2.2, 1.4, 1.2, 1.1 and 0.4 from SS, U, AN, CN and AS, respectively. Application of U in the spring and AN twice in the summer in the 2nd year gave an average emission factor of 0.8% – lower than from application of either individual fertiliser. We suggest that similar varied fertilisation practices, modified according to soil and crop type and climatic conditions, might be employed to minimise N₂O emissions from agricultural land. Received: 30 August 1996  相似文献   

臭氧杀菌在草莓低温贮藏中的利用     

郝林  郝利不 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,13(4):357-360

本试验通过对臭氧杀菌在果蔬贮藏中利用的传统方法——贮藏期间全程杀菌(即利用较低的臭氧浓度长时间杀菌)——加以改进,利用较高浓度臭氧对贮藏草莓进行短时间杀菌的前处理。草莓呼吸旺盛,果皮薄易损伤,采收前后很易遭受微生物的侵染。低温和塑料薄膜包装可以显著降低草莓的呼吸强度和水分损耗,同时结合臭氧杀菌前处理,可以使草莓感染微生物数量明显减少。  相似文献   

臭氧在纯化水制备过程中的应用     

李继红  李秀敏  冯艳秋 《辽宁农业职业技术学院学报》2003,5(3):22-23

通过对臭氧的性质及作用 ,产生臭氧的方法等介绍 ,提出臭氧作为一种化学灭菌剂 ,在纯化水的消毒方法中具有很好的推广应用价值  相似文献