砂藓(Racomitrium canescens)RcRab基因的克隆及生物信息学分析     

刘博  沙伟  周伯  马天意  柴媛媛  孙苗龙  张梅娟 《分子植物育种》2020,(3):898-904

本研究以砂藓(Racomitrium canescens)为材料,从砂藓干旱处理转录组数据库中筛选获得小G结合蛋白基因Rab的mRNA序列,通过RT-PCR法扩增,得到RcRab基因的CDS序列,并对其进行了生物信息学分析。结果表明,该基因c DNA全长为1171 bp,包含636 bp的开放阅读框,编码211个氨基酸。预测该基因有Rab家族的保守结构域-G结构域。RcRab蛋白分子质量为23.29 kD,理论等电点为5.76,具有亲水性,不属于跨膜蛋白且不存在信号肽。进化树分析表明,RcRab蛋白质与小立碗藓(Physcomitrella patens)Rab蛋白质亲缘关系最近。本研究可为进一步探索RcRab基因在苔藓植物中的抗旱机制提供数据基础。  相似文献   

砂藓(Racomitrium canescens)抗旱相关基因RcAOS2的克隆及表达分析     

沙伟  秦瑞峰  孟灵军  信雨萌  马天意  张梅娟 《分子植物育种》2020,(4):1131-1137

丙二烯氧化物合酶(allene oxide synthase, AOS)是茉莉酸合成途径中关键酶,在茉莉酸合成中具有重要的作用。本研究在砂藓(Racomitrium canescens)干旱胁迫转录组数据中发现一个干旱胁迫下表达量上调的AOS基因,将其命名为RcAOS2,我们对RcAOS2的开放阅读框进行了克隆及相关的生物信息学预测分析,并对RcAOS2在砂藓快速脱水和复水过程中的表达量变化进行了检测。结果显示,该基因cDNA全长1 474 bp,开放阅读框长516 bp。RcAOS2编码蛋白质的相对分子质量为4.36 kD,等电点为5.11,不稳定系数为55.02,为不稳定蛋白质;脂肪系数为19.19;RcAOS2蛋白质疏水性较强,属于疏水性蛋白质,存在信号肽,不属于跨膜蛋白质。系统进化分析表明,RcAOS2蛋白质与其他物种AOS蛋白质亲缘关系较远,是具有AOS序列特征的新类型。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明RcAOS2基因在砂藓干旱和复水过程中呈现差异性表达,推测RcAOS2可能参与砂藓的干旱胁迫响应和复水回复过程。本研究成果为进一步研究砂藓抗旱基因功能提供理论基础和备选基因资源。  相似文献   

Influence of Nitrate:Ammonium Ratios on Growth and Elemental Concentration in Two Azalea Cultivars     

《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):2503-2520

Abstract

Rooted cuttings of Rhododendron canescens “Brook” and Rhododendron austrinum were grown in sand culture with a modified Hoagland's solution under greenhouse conditions. The effect of varying ammonium:nitrate (NO₃ ^?:NH₄ ⁺) ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) on growth, chlorophyll content, plant quality, and elemental tissue concentration were determined. With NO₃ ^? as the nitrogen (N) form, both azalea cultivars exhibited less vegetative growth, lower overall plant quality, with leaves showing visual chlorotic symptoms in comparison to plants receiving NH₄ ⁺ as the N‐form. Leachate pH was highest with NO₃ ^? as the predominate N‐form and decreased significantly with each increment of NH₄ ⁺. With both azalea cultivars, N‐form significantly influenced uptake and utilization of essential plant nutrients. Leaf concentrations of N, potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), boron (B), and molybdenum (Mo) were highest with NO₃ ^?‐N. Leaf elemental concentrations of phosphorous (P), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) increased as NH₄ ⁺ supplied more of the N‐ratio. Significant differences in Mg, Mn, and Zn were observed between species. Results from this study show that foliar N concentration is not an accurate indicator of plant growth response. Further investigations are needed to determine if foliarchlorosis and low growth rates observed with NO₃ ^? fed plants due to an Fe deficiency, to low nitrate reductase (NR) activity in the leaves, or to a combination of these factors.  相似文献   

四翅滨藜在干旱荒漠区的引种表现     

李小燕  孔东升  丁丽萍  赵典普  柴薇薇  李彩霞 《防护林科技》2008,(3):41-43

对引种到河西走廊地区的四翅滨藜生态适应性进行了研究,结果表明,四翅滨藜不仅具有饲料营养价值高、生长速度快、生物量大等多种优良特性,而且是适合在甘肃河西乃至西北荒漠、半荒漠地区栽培的耐干旱、耐寒冷和耐盐碱的一种饲料灌木,将在改善生态环境和发展畜牧业等方面具有很大的发展潜力。  相似文献   

3种灌木幼苗对干旱胁迫的生理响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

柴薇薇  蒋志荣  孔东升  李彩霞  梁绪婷 《安徽农业科学》2007,35(5):1273-1274,1289

通过盆栽试验测定了土壤自然干旱胁迫过程中柽柳、梭梭和四翅滨藜3种灌木叶片相对含水量、水分饱和亏、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和脯氨酸含量的变化,研究了3种植物对水分胁迫逆境环境的生理适应机理.结果表明:随土壤水分胁迫的加重,3种灌木叶片相对含水量下降,水分饱和亏增加,渗透调节物质脯氨酸积累,保护酶系统酶活性上升,但在变化趋势和幅度上有显著差异.3种灌木幼苗均有较强的耐旱性,但耐旱机制不同.  相似文献   

四翅滨藜的引种试验及栽培技术研究     

王建林  崔国忠 《防护林科技》2004,(Z1):27-29

在气候干燥、寒冷的西北地区 ,引进具有耐干旱、贫瘠 ,抗寒冷 ,抗盐碱等多种优良特性的常绿或准常绿饲料灌木四翅滨藜 ,经过 2a生长全过程的栽培试验 ,观测结果表明 :在不同土壤类型下 ,新梢生长量、扦插育苗的成活率、保存率都表现出差异性。但移栽苗的成活率、保存率差异不大 ,表现出较强的适应性。而在中、强盐碱性土壤、(粗 )砂土中仍能正常生长 ,但新梢生长量低 ,分枝减少  相似文献   

Effect of Mediterranean saltbush (Atriplex halimus) ensilaging with two developed enzyme cocktails on feed intake,nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in sheep          下载免费PDF全文

Haidy Alsersy  Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem  Borhami E. Borhami  Jaime Olivares  Hany M. Gado  Maria D. Mariezcurrena  Mohamed H. Yacuot  Ahmed E. Kholif  Mounir El‐Adawy  Saul R. Hernandez 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(1):51-58

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of feeding Atriplex halimus (AH) silage treated with two developed enzyme cocktails to sheep on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation. The AH silage was treated without or with 2 L of ZAD1^® or ZAD2^®/1000 kg with 5% molasses and ensiled for 30 days. Barley grain (300 g/head/day) was fed as an energy supplement once daily at 10.00 hours and AH silage with or without enzyme treatment was offered ad libitum to animals twice daily at 09.00 and 16.00 hours. Sheep were fed on four experimental forage diets comprised of AH silage and barley (D1), AH silage treated with ZAD1^® and barley (D2), AH silage treated with ZAD2^® and barley (D3) and AH silage treated with a combination of ZAD1^® and ZAD2^® (1:1) and barley (D4). Ensiling AH with enzymes reduced its contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. The dry matter intake of AH of D2, D3 and D4 decreased (P < 0.001) as compared to D1. However, enzyme‐treated diets had greater total digestible nutrients intake (P < 0.001) as compared to D1. The nutrients digestibility for D2, D3 and D4 were higher than those for D1 (P < 0.001), and were higher for D3 as compared to both D2 and D4. Sheep fed on D3 had highest (P < 0.001) ruminal total volatile fatty acids concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and microbial protein yield. It could be concluded that AH silage treated with ZAD1^® or ZAD2^® improved digestibility and rumen fermentation in sheep.  相似文献   

引进大洋洲滨藜对盐碱适应性研究     

李志英  毛桂莲  许兴  虎德钰 《西北农业学报》2014,23(3):101-106

采用室内模拟大田的试验方法,以引进大洋洲滨藜为试材,研究不同浓度的碱性盐NaHCO3胁迫下生物量、叶绿素含量、光合参数、Na+、K+、Ca2+等离子的动态变化。结果表明,随着NaHCO3胁迫浓度的升高,生物量、叶绿素质量分数、叶绿素a/叶绿素b的比值、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)呈现先升后降的趋势,即低浓度(150mmol·L-1)时最高,胞间CO2体积分数(Ci)呈现先降后升的趋势,Na+、Na+/K+的比值和Na+/Ca2+的比值呈现升高趋势,K+、Ca2+呈现降低趋势;随着时间的变化,14d时大洋洲滨藜生长状况最好;在300mmol·L-1胁迫下,加入脱硫废弃物后,生物量、叶绿素质量分数、叶绿素a/叶绿素b的值、Pn、Tr、Gs、K+和Ca2+质量分数等均高于处理。说明大洋洲滨藜在低浓度时(150mmol·L-1)较适宜生长;同时也说明脱硫废弃物在一定程度上可减缓碱胁迫对大洋洲滨藜的伤害。  相似文献   

Genetic diversity of natural populations of Atriplex halimus L. in Morocco: An isoenzyme-based overview     

A. Haddioui  M. Baaziz 《Euphytica》2001,121(1):99-105

Based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, nine natural populations of Atriplex halimus L., a perennial shrub, collected in different regions of Morocco, were studied for their genetic variation using isoenzyme polymorphism of the highly active enzyme systems: esterases (EST), acid phosphatases (ACP) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT). Different allozyme frequencies from 7 different loci were obtained for all populations of this halophyte species. High levels of genetic diversity were revealed. The mean number of alleles per locus (A = 1.9–2.0), the percentage of polymorphic loci (p = 71.4–85.7) and the mean expected heterozygosity (H_e = 0.339–0.385) showed an important variability in all populations. Gene diversity was essentially explained by the within population component. The between populations differentiation accounted for 8% of the whole diversity (F_ST, averaged over all loci, is 0.08). The relationships among the 9 populations were inferred from the Nei’s genetic distances. Four major groups were formed. The northern population ‘Tanger’, forming a unique group, was highly divergent from the other groups. It appeared that the genetic distance between all groups was related to the geographic distance that separates them. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Determination of Ploidy Level and Nuclear DNA Content in Tunisian Populations of Atriplex halimus L.     

Kheiria Hcini  David J. Walker  Sadok Bouzid  Elena González  Nora Frayssinet  Enrique Correal 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(1):1-5

Atriplex halimus L. (Chenopodiaceae) (Saltbush) is a perennial species used as a fodder shrub for livestock in arid and semi-arid areas, particularly in North Africa. The aim of this work was to determine whether differences in ploidy level and/or nuclear DNA content exist among populations from widely-separated sites in Tunisia. We determined nuclear DNA content and chromosome numbers for populations of A. halimus from seven different locations (Gabes, Medenine, Tataouine, Monastir, Tunis, Sidi Bouzid, Kairouan). The chromosome counts showed that all the Tunisian populations, plus a population from Eraclea (Italy), were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) whereas a population from Cala Tarida (Spain) was diploid (2n = 2x = 18). With respect to nuclear DNA, the 2C DNA content of population Cala Tarida was estimated to be 2.41 pg. There was no significant difference among the tetraploid populations (or among plants within populations), whose 2C DNA content ranged from 4.92 to 4.97 pg.  相似文献