Current status and future strategy in breeding grasspea (Lathyrus sativus)     

C. G. Campbell  R. B. Mehra  S. K. Agrawal  Y. Z. Chen  A. M. Abd El Moneim  H. I. T. Khawaja  C. R. Yadov  J. U. Tay  W. A. Araya 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):167-175

Efforts in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) improvement have increased since the development of lines that are very low in the neurotoxin Beta-N-oxalyl-L-alpha-beta-diamino propionic acid (ODAP); also referred to as Beta-N oxalyl-amino-L-alanine (BOAA). Many programs now address several related aspects of improvement simultaneously. These include reduced ODAP concentrations, insect and disease resistance, nitrogen fixation, agronomic practices, fodder and forage production, and components for increased yielding ability. The coordinated, multidisciplinary approach now being applied to the genetic improvement of grasspea should allow the potential of this largely neglected grain legume to be fully realized.  相似文献   

芝麻核心种质株高构成相关性状的遗传变异及关联定位   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

丁霞  王林海  张艳欣  黎冬华  高媛  危文亮  王蕾  张秀荣 《中国油料作物学报》2013,35(3)

以我国216份芝麻核心种质为材料,分析芝麻株高及其构成相关性状的变异、相互关系等,利用79对EST-SSR、AFLP和SRAP引物对供试材料基因组进行检测并进行标记-性状关联分析,检测群体中与株高构成性状相关的DNA变异位点.结果表明,株高及其构成性状的变异均呈现连续变化,变异丰富,变异系数均在10％以上;相关性分析和多元回归拟合株高及其构成因素间的关系表明,主茎始蒴高度、主茎果轴长度是影响株高差异的主要因素.利用GLM(Q)和MLM(Q+K)模型共检测到34个变异位点同时与供试群体两年的株高构成显著关联,对表型变异解释率在1.89％～5.29％,平均为2.82％,其中与主茎始蒴高度显著关联的标记位点M20E12-3被2种模型均检测到.此外,研究发现株高构成因素受基因型、环境和两者互作影响,且均达到极显著水平.  相似文献   

Genetic Diversity in Crop Improvement     

《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1-2):103-144

SUMMARY

The use of genetic diversity to form modern crops is one of the most remarkable accomplishments of agriculture. Even in the age of genomics, genetic diversity remains the cornerstone of crop improvement. There is extensive diversity in soybean and its ancestors. Much of this diversity has been collected though opportunities to extend collections remain. Genetic diversity has been used extensively in Asian breeding but utilization of exotic germplasm has been limited in North America. Capturing the value of diversity is easy for some traits but quite difficult for other traits, such as yield. New procedures and technology may greatly facilitate understanding and effective use of these exotic yield alleles. For the foreseeable future though, progress in capturing yield value from exotic germplasm through traditional breeding will continue to outstrip our scientific understanding of the alleles themselves. Public institutions will need to facilitate access to germplasm to increase utilization of diversity so it favorably impacts humanity.  相似文献   

趋磁细菌的分离研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

阮颖  谭周进 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,24(3):238-240

从与湖南农业大学相邻的东湖水域中采集泥水样,经过样品的富集,趋磁细菌的收集及细菌的培养等过程后,再用超声波破碎细胞,再用永久磁性收集趋磁颗粒。趋磁颗粒经盐酸溶解后,与硫氰酸铵反应,溶液变为红色,证明有铁离子的存在。结果表明,已初步分离到趋磁细菌。  相似文献   

复合图书馆实体馆藏与虚拟馆藏的有机整合   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张永红 《农业图书情报学刊》2005,17(9):23-24,33

复合图书馆时期的馆藏信息资源包括实体馆藏和虚拟馆藏,实体馆藏与虚拟馆藏的有机整合是复合图书馆馆藏信息资源建设的主要内容。  相似文献   

山西普通菜豆初级核心种质农艺性状遗传多样性研究     

郝晓鹏  王燕  赵建栋  畅建武 《中国农学通报》2018,34(32):61-69

本研究通过对152份山西省普通菜豆初级核心种质进行农艺性状鉴定及农艺性状多样性分析,旨在明确山西省普通菜豆种质资源的主要类型,各类型及性状的主要农艺性状特征及多样性特点。通过在田间进行农艺性状鉴定,同时利用表型数据,采用聚类分析、多样性分析和主成分分析法,确定了山西省普通菜豆种质资源的主要类型,各类型和各性状的农艺性状特征和多样性特点以及24个表型性状所属的主成分。结果表明山西普通菜豆初级核心种质可划分为5种类型。从各分组多样性来看,半蔓+蔓生-紫茎紫花型和蔓生-籽粒斑纹型多样性指数I最高,而直立型资源多样性指数I最低,从各性状多样性来看,质量性状多样性总体低于数量性状,但粒色则表现出明显丰富的多样性。通过主成分分析,将普通菜豆23个农艺性状归属为7个主成分,初步明确了各主成分代表的农艺性状;通过上述研究,明确了山西普通菜豆主要类型、多样性特征和各主成分代表的主要农艺性状,可为资源鉴定评价提供综合性状指标。  相似文献   

苦荞遗传多样性分析与核心种质筛选   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

徐笑宇  方正武  杨璞  高金锋  王鹏科  冯佰利 《干旱地区农业研究》2015,33(1):268-277

利用SSR分子标记技术,对来自西藏、陕西、四川、贵州等4省区的210份苦荞品种进行遗传多样性研究。结果表明,所选用的50对SSR引物中,有16对引物多态性良好,共扩增出178个条带,其中多态性条带达118个,占总数的66.3%;210份苦荞种质的遗传变幅为0.62~0.98,平均值为0.80,在遗传相似系数为0.88处可划分为5大类。聚类结果显示,来自同一地区的苦荞品种显示出聚为一类的趋势,表明苦荞的遗传信息受地理分布的影响较大;第V类所聚的41份分别来自西藏(27份)、陕西(8份)和贵州(6份)的品种表现出较为丰富的遗传多样性,与其他种质相比,这41份材料不仅遗传差异较大,而且遗传来源广泛,可作为苦荞核心种质筛选的基础。  相似文献   

23份中国小麦微核心种质抗叶锈性评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵丽娜  任晓娣  胡亚亚  张涛  张娜  杨文香  刘大群 《中国农业科学》2013,46(3):441-450

【目的】探测23份微核心种质材料的抗叶锈性和可能携带的抗叶锈基因。【方法】选取12个具有鉴别能力的小麦叶锈菌生理小种对23份微核心种质进行了苗期和成株期的抗性鉴定以及基因推导,同时结合使用已经报道的能够用于抗病基因分子鉴定的分子标记对其进行进一步抗叶锈基因的分子检测。【结果】这些品种中除中国春表现感病外,其余22份种质均表现出较强的抗性。火球、老齐麦、凤麦11、山红麦、红和尚头、府麦、尕老汉和郑引4号含Lr34和未知抗性基因,中国春含Lr34,碱麦和小佛手含Lr1和Lr34,同家坝小麦和红花麦含Lr34和Lr32,克丰3号含有Lr10、Lr34、Lr16和Lr32,Atlas66含有Lr1、Lr2c和Lr32,烟农15含Lr1,可能含有Lr17,白条鱼含Lr26、Lr16、Lr42和LrZH84,木宗卓嘎含Lr26,可能含Lr14a,金黄麦含Lr1、Lr34和Lr32,云麦34含Lr26、Lr37和LrZH84,可能含有Lr15,百农3217含Lr1和Lr16,白朗灰麦和山麦可能含有未知抗叶锈基因。【结论】这些小麦微核心种质中含有比较丰富的抗叶锈基因,具有较好的抗叶锈性,是抗叶锈育种的重要资源。  相似文献   

Duplication within and between germplasm collections. III. A quantitative model     

Theo J.L. van Hintum 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2000,47(5):507-513

Estimating the level of duplication of germpIasm accessions within and between genebanks is of high importance for judging the coverage as well as the efficiency of ex situ conservation efforts. Therefore, a method was developed to quantify probable duplication within and between genebanks. To estimate total internal duplication, the fraction of distinct accessions was determined in a sample from the collection. To estimate the duplication between collections, set theory was used. Again based on samples from the collections involved, the size of any intersection between these collections can be estimated. Standard errors of all estimates were calculated as well. To illustrate the feasibility of the method, an example involving four lettuce collections is given.  相似文献   

谈利用ILASII进行藏书剔旧     

马骊 《计算机与农业》2010,(2):130-131

探讨了利用ILASII进行藏书剔旧的实施步骤、优点、存在问题及解决办法，并提出了对藏书建设的一点建议。  相似文献