排序方式： 共有13条查询结果，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
HIROFUMI YAMAGUCHI AYA UTANO KENTARO YASUDA † AZUSA YANO AKIKO SOEJIMA 《Weed Biology and Management》2005,5(4):210-218
The phylogenetic relationship among 30 accessions belonging to nine species of the genus Echinochloa Beauv. was studied on the basis of the sequence of three non-coding regions ( trn T-L, trn L-F intergenic spacers, and trn L intron) of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA). A strict consensus parsimonious tree of the three most parsimonious trees derived from 25 polymorphic sites (six indels and 19 substitutions) in the total sequences, ranging from 1715–1760 bp, represented five groups: (i) Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing. and Echinochloa stagnina Beauv. from Thailand; (ii) Echinochloa crus-galli Beauv. complex; (iii) Echinochloa crus-pavonis Schult; (iv) Echinochloa colonum Link. and Echinochloa frumentacea Link.; and (v) the African species, Echinochloa obtusiflora Stapf and Echinochloa stagnina . Japanese barnyard millet ( Echinochloa esculenta H. Scholz) and various weedy varieties of E. crus-galli and Echinochloa oryzoides Fritsch had quite similar sequences and formed the E. crus-galli complex, which was characterized by six substitutions. A cultivated form of E. oryzicola (Mosuo barnyard millet) and various morphological and agronomical forms of E. oryzicola were characterized by two indels. Indian barnyard millet ( E. frumentacea ) and its wild counterpart ( E. colonum ) were characterized by five substitutions. Domestication as millets and adaptation to paddy environments as mimic weeds might occur after the divergence of species in the Asian Echinochloa . 相似文献
2.
K. Parvathy Parameswaran B. Thayumanavan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1995,48(2):119-126
Minor millets, viz. Barnyard millet, Proso millet, Little millet, Foxtail millet and Kodo millet, one variety in each grown in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu were selected for the study. The protein contents of the selected decorticated millets were found to be 11.0, 12.3, 12.9, 10.5 and 10.6% respectively. Fractionation of these proteins revealed that prolamin forms major storage protein in Foxtail millet whereas, glutelin forms major storage protein in all the other millets. The extractability was studied using different solvents, viz. isopropyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol with varying concentration of 2-mercapto ethanol. Electrophoretic pattern of the extracted prolamins from these millets were compared and found that a protein band at the molecular weight range of 20 kD was found homologous in all except Proso millet. The extractability of the 20kD protein in 90% isopropyl alcohol showed its strong hydrophobic nature. 相似文献
3.
我国拥有丰富的粟类作物资源。粟类作物中富含的植物化学物具有潜在降低慢性疾病发病率的功能特性,是开发功能性食品或作为健康食品配料的良好资源。文章介绍了植物化学物的分类,综述了粟类作物中植物化学物在籽粒中的分布、种类、含量及功能特性,系统分析了不同加工方式对植物化学物的影响规律。 相似文献
4.
P. Geervani Bjorn O. Eggum 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(4):349-357
The effect of heating and fortification with lysine on the protein quality of five minor millets namely Italian millet (S. Italica), French millet (Panicum miliaceum), Barnyard millet (Echinochloa colona), Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) and Little millet (Panicum miliare) was carried out. The N content of the millets ranged from 1.69 to 2.76 per cent. Proximate composition and dietary fibre was estimated. A reduction of 19–25 in TD and increase of 4–18 in BV was observed on auto-claving and both the differences were significant (P<0.05) in all millets. However, heat processing did not have a pronounced effect on DE. Fortification with lysine at 0.6 g/100 DM increased both the BV and NPU. Although both heat processing and lysine fortification improved protein utilisation, the effect of fortification was comparatively more than heating. 相似文献
5.
Summary Genetic diversity and patterns of geographic variation among collections of Paspalum scrobiculatum (kodo millet) and P. polystachyum were studied using molecular markers generated through the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. A high level of polymorphism in RAPD markers was observed among the individual accessions, demonstrating the high genetic diversity of the crop. The markers obtained from the RAPD method were analyzed with the cluster analysis, principal coordinates and minimum spanning tree methods. Three major groups were resolved, one representing the African accessions, and two for the Indian accessions. The accessions of the north African kodo millet and P. polystachyum (considered conspecific with P. scrobiculatum) were quite distinct. The Australian kodo millet showed higher affinity to the African types. The study demonstrated that the RAPD technique can be applied to resolving degrees and patterns of genetic variation at the population and species levels, identifying cultivars, and defining gene pools of this crop. 相似文献
6.
7.
Renganathan Vellaichamy Gandhimeyyan Vanniarajan Chockalingam Raveendran Muthurajan Renuka Raman 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(4):389-406
Millets are known for their resilience and nutritional benefits and hence believed to have a promising role in ensuring food and nutritional security under changing climatic conditions. Research on millets has intensified in recent years, especially in dissecting the genetic components of yield, stress tolerance and nutritional quality traits. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing, bioinformatics and associated statistical procedures for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided wide opportunities to resolve the genetic complexity of polygenic traits by measuring historical and evolutionary recombination events in the natural population(s). During the past decade, GWAS has been successfully employed to identify key genes controlling growth, development, stress tolerance, nutrient use efficiency and nutritional quality traits in sorghum, pearl millet, foxtail millet and finger millet. However, progress in other minor millets is still in its infancy. Genetic dissection of these complex traits in millets may pave the way for genetic alteration of climate resilience, photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation in rice and wheat. In this review, progress in GWAS analysis in detecting QTLs underlying complex traits in sorghum and other millets is highlighted. 相似文献
8.
本实验以谷子、食用稗、黍稷、珍珠粟、龙爪稷、籽粒苋和青狗尾草为材料,应用发芽率、发芽指数、适合指数、发芽速度指数和50%种子发芽天数等指标,确定了它们的最适发芽温度,分别为30、35、35、35、35、30℃和25℃左右,并讨论了其温度反应类型。 相似文献
9.
除草剂稀禾啶对不同品种谷子的毒害 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对6个谷子品种进行盆栽试验,研究不同浓度稀禾啶处理对不同品种谷子的影响。测定株高、茎粗、叶面积、鲜质量等生长状况及相关的生理生化指标。结果表明,稀禾啶对大部分谷子生长有一定的抑制作用,从生长状态上看张杂谷抗药性要强于普通品种。不同浓度稀禾啶对同一品种谷子的生理指标影响是有差异的。不同浓度稀禾啶对不同谷子品种影响差异较大,当稀禾啶浓度为0.80 m L/L时,叶绿素相对含量与对照组差异不显著。稀禾啶浓度为1.00 m L/L时,张杂谷叶绿素相对含量与对照组差异不显著,而普通品种叶绿素相对含量与对照的差异均达到0.05显著水平。稀禾啶药剂处理后,谷子品种的POD酶活性有所提高,而其SOD酶活性先升高后降低,表明不同谷子品种耐药性差异较大,推荐剂量使用后对张杂谷仍有抑制作用,并可导致苗期死亡。因此,3~5叶期使用应降低剂量。 相似文献
10.
S. Krishnakumari B. Thayumanavan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1995,48(4):327-333
Five varieties of minor millets were studied for their amylose, soluble amylose, amylopectin, soluble amylopectin, reducing sugar, total sugar and starch contents. Pure starch was isolated from each variety and the enzymic degradation of starch by porcine pancreatic -amylase were examined with and without gelatinisation. Gelatinised sample ofEchinochloa frumentacea (var. K2) showed minimal hydrolysis and gelatinised sample ofPanicum miliaceum (var. CO3) showed maximum hydrolysis of starch by porcine pancreatic -amylase. Gelatinised starch was highly susceptible to enzymic digestion when compared to ungelatinised starch. The extent of starch degradation varied from 71 to 85 percent in gelatinised samples and starch degradation in ungelatinised sample varied from 10 to 18 percent. 相似文献