Isolation of two strains of a new Tombusvirus (Havel river virus, HaRV) from surface waters in Germany     

R. Koenig  E. Pfeilstetter  H. Kegler  D.E. Lesemann 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2004,110(4):429-433

Two virus isolates from water samples — one from a small stream in South Western Germany and another one from the Havel river in North Eastern Germany c. 500 km away, proved to be strains, named S and H, respectively, of a new Tombusvirus for which the name Havel river virus (HaRV) had been suggested previously in a brief account. Immunoelectron microscopical decoration tests and sequence comparisons of the coat proteins indicated that the two HaRV strains are only distantly related to known Tombusviruses. The closest relationships were found to Cucumber necrosis virus. Nothing is known about their natural hosts. Because the S strain of HaRV was isolated in a woody area from a small stream close to its origin, they may be pathogens of trees or wild plants in such habitats.  相似文献   

广西大明山云贵山茉莉林的空间结构     

覃林  谭玲  罗应华  温远光 《中南林业调查规划》2008,27(2):66-69

利用混交度、大小比数和角尺度分析广西大明山云贵山茉莉林的空间结构。结果表明：云贵山茉莉林林分的树种空间配置以中、强度混交为主,优势树种云贵山茉莉多呈单种聚集;林木大小比数随胸径的增大呈迅速减小的趋势,小径阶林木多明显受压。中径木处于中庸状态,大径木占优势地位;林分整体和多数径阶的林木分布格局属聚集分布。  相似文献   

小兴安岭红松针阔混交林林分空间结构分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

侯红亚  王立海 《森林工程》2012,28(1):1-5

用角尺度、混交度、大小比数3个空间结构参数对黑龙江省凉水自然保护区的红松针阔混交林进行分析,用Hegyi竞争指数分析种内种间竞争关系,为制定合理的森林保护措施提供依据。分析结果表明:林木分布格局为随机分布;总体来看该林分处于强度混交向极强度混交过渡的状态,单一树种聚集在一起的情况较少,大多与其它不同树种混交;各树种在林木大小分化程度上存在很大差异,针叶树种较占优势,阔叶树种则分化严重,既有占优势树种又有受压树种;林分的种内竞争大于种间竞争。  相似文献   

多邻域保持嵌入的人脸识别方法     

刘嘉敏  袁佳成  彭玲  刘亦哲  罗甫林 《保鲜与加工》2017,(3):88-94

现有流形学习算法在学习人脸数据时,假设所有数据点位于单一低维嵌入流形之上,当数据点实际分布在不同的流形上时,单流形假设就会影响数据真实空间结构。为此提出一种基于多邻域保持嵌入（multiple neighborhood preserving embedding, M-NPE）的学习算法来发现不同类别数据在不同维度的低维嵌入空间中分布的多流形结构。首先,单独学习不同类别数据的流形,得到反映其本质特征的流形;再通过遗传算法搜索每个流形的最优维数;最后依据最小重构误差分类器对样本分类。在Extended Yale B和CMU PIE这2个大型人脸库上实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。  相似文献   

桔红心大白菜抗根肿病不育系转育方法比较     

耿新翠  沈向群  李林  李茜  陈永浩 《江西农业大学学报》2012,34(2):250-254,258

以普通心抗根肿病甲型"两用系"和桔红心自交系LH为试材,通过杂交、回交和系内交等方法研究了桔红心与普通心的遗传关系、桔红心自交系抗性和育性的基因型。试验结果表明:桔红心对普通心表现为一对隐性基因控制的简单遗传,桔红心自交系的抗性和育性基因型分别为rr和msms;提出了桔红心大白菜抗根肿病雄性不育系的两种转育模式,其中系内交模式比回交模式提前一代得到新的不育系;在第二代筛选桔红心性状时,对子叶法、球心色法和花色法三种方法进行了比较,子叶法不但在幼苗期就可以筛选到桔红心性状,而且抗性调查和育性鉴定的群体最小,是三种方法中最理想的。  相似文献   

冀北山地山杨白桦混交林林分空间结构研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

梁文俊  丁国栋  包岩峰  贺宇  安云  臧荫桐  高广磊 《甘肃农业大学学报》2012,47(3):85-89,95

为了探究山杨和白桦混交林的林分空间结构,运用林分结构参数混交度、角尺度、大小比数和直径分布指标,对木兰围场次生山杨、白桦混交林的群落结构特征进行了研究.结果表明:山杨、白桦次生混交林的树种组成很丰富,群落中当地树种占绝对主导地位;从水平结构来说,林分平均角尺度为0.502,群落呈现出随机分布格局;群落的树种隔离度很高,平均混交度为0.618,但其主要树种山杨和白桦的混交度最低为0.26和0.39;群落所有乔木树种以胸径作为大小比数的指标的优势树种排列为:落叶松>黑桦>白桦>蒙古栎>山杨>棘皮桦>花楸>云杉>黄桦>油松>五角枫;林分整体处于结构稳定发展状态.  相似文献   

长白山阔叶红松林乔木幼苗年际动态及影响因素     

刘帅  肖翠  王均伟  侯嫚嫚  廖嘉星  范秀华 《北京林业大学学报》2016,38(11):57-66

以长白山原始阔叶红松林样地为平台,对样方中胸径1 cm的乔木幼苗进行监测,基于2006—2014年的调查数据对该群落中乔木幼苗的物种组成、数量特征、新生与死亡动态以及影响幼苗存活的因素进行分析。结果表明:1)群落乔木幼苗近10年物种组成变化较小,每年都可以监测到9个常见种。2)幼苗个体的大量萌发和大量死亡导致群落乔木幼苗数量有较大的年际变化,其中最多年份幼苗密度可达38.9 株/m2,而最少年份仅有3.8 株/ m2。3)不同年份群落乔木幼苗年龄组成中1年生幼苗数量最多,部分年份略有差异。随着幼苗年龄的增加,幼苗数量不断减少。幼苗总体数量同幼苗新生数量动态变化是一致的,幼苗死亡的峰值较幼苗总体峰值有1年的时滞。4)群落水平上幼苗存活与同种大树胸高断面积和林冠开阔度呈显著正相关,与异种幼苗邻体呈显著负相关。群落中幼苗个体大量萌发和大量死亡的现象证明该群落存在明显的更新限制,在一定程度上有利于群落的物种共存。近10年的幼苗监测有助于我们更加准确地认识群落更新过程,因而长期的动态监测十分必要。   相似文献   

Suitability of European green frogs for intensive culture: Comparison between different phenotypes of the esculenta hybridogenetic complex     

Andr Neveu 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2009,295(1-2):30-37

European countries are probably the greatest consumers of frogs' legs, although this is occurring in a context of amphibian decline. Imports of frogs' legs have been increasing over the last few decades in relation to the development of deep-frozen products. This demand has stimulated farming with neotropical species for international trade. Today, in spite of some trials on European species, no production is effective. From the early 1990s, small-scale experimental rearing trials have been undertaken in Brittany (France) with a local green frog belonging to the esculenta complex (Rana ridibunda) which accepts granulated feed. This complex comprises two Mendelian species R. lessonae (LL) and R. ridibunda (RR) as well as their hybridogenetic hybrid Rana esculenta, which can be either diploid (RL) or triploid (RLL, RRL).The purpose of this study is to analyse the ability of each taxon to be reared. During the two months following metamorphosis, froglets were trained to eat pellets. The surviving individuals were reared for one year under regulated conditions to estimate the survival rate, growth and production of each frog type.The results show low survival rates (14.8 to 26.2%) for LL and RLL, higher rates (39–46.4%) for F₁ and F₂ from wild RR and RLL, with the highest rates (63.0 to 77.4%) for RL, RRL and all RR, using data from several years of rearing. After three years under rearing conditions, the adult survival rate is highest for rearing strain RR-Rivan 92* (53.7%). The growth rate varies greatly according to phenotype, and only frogs with an RR phenotype reach marketable size. In the wild, LL exhibits some difficulty in reaching this limit. As a result, production increases from 1.5–8.7 kg/m² for individuals with an L hemiclone to 22.9–35.7 kg/m² for each cohort of phenotype RR from at least two generations under rearing conditions.In relation to hybridogenesis processes, hybrids with diploid or triploid genomes do not seem to offer any advantage for production purposes. However, R. lessonae individuals from intensive rearing can produce fertile eggs and tadpoles, which could enable production for restocking to preserve wild diversity or build up new populations in suitable habitats.  相似文献   

改进邻体干扰模型在北京侧柏水源涵养林中的应用     

宁金魁  黄新峰  刘旭升  郑小贤  高甲荣  徐军亮  杨彦利 《林业资源管理》2004,(1):35-38

以北京市密云半城子侧柏水源涵养林为研究对象,提出了改进的邻体干扰模型,着重讨论了干扰指数与侧柏的胸径、树高、生境利用率等因子的关系。结果表明,侧柏林内的邻体干扰指数与林木的胸径、树高、生境利用率呈负相关关系。本研究为该地区水源涵养林的经营提供了具有参考价值的量化依据。  相似文献   

冀北山地杨桦次生林林分空间结构研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄龙生  李永宁  冯楷斌  赵中凯  霍艳玲  金辉 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,(1)

在木兰林管局桃山林场选取面积为100 m×100 m的杨桦次生林样地,以每株林木树高、胸径和坐标为基础数据,运用混交度、大小比数和角尺度等林分空间结构参数分析了杨桦次生林的空间结构特征。结果表明:(1)该林分中山杨Populus davidiana和白桦Betula platyphylla在株数和断面积比例上占优势,为林分内优势树种;(2)林分各混交类型的比例相差不大,林分整体呈中度混交状态;(3)林分优势木和亚优势木相对较多,基于胸径、树高得到的平均大小比数结果基本一致,均能客观反映林分的分化规律;(4)林分平均角尺度为0.504,属于随机分布,林下伴生树种以集聚分布为主,但优势树种的随机分布趋势起决定作用。  相似文献