Metabolic responses of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) to the insecticide thiamethoxam     

Weiting Jiao  Ping Zhang  Chuanjian Cui  Min Yan  Qing X. Li  Yongfeng Tang  Nan Zhang  Xinyi Wang  Ruyan Hou  Rimao Hua 《Pest management science》2023,79(10):3570-3580

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Effects of chronic dietary thiamethoxam and prothioconazole exposure on Apis mellifera worker adults and brood     

Sarah C Wood  Igor Medici de Mattos  Ivanna V Kozii  Colby D Klein  Ihor Dvylyuk  Crystani D A Folkes  Roney de Carvalho Macedo Silva  Igor Moshynskyy  Tasha Epp  Elemir Simko 《Pest management science》2020,76(1):85-94

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甘蓝中毒死蜱和噻虫嗪残留的高效液相色谱分析     

何娟  王跃竹  龙友华  吴小毛 《贵州农业科学》2013,41(8)

为建立同时检测甘蓝中毒死蜱和噻虫嗪残留的快速分析方法,采用甲醇振荡提取样品,经弗罗里硅土-活性炭柱净化,以丙酮/正己烷洗脱,HPLC-UV检测,外标法定量,对毒死蜱和噻虫嗪在甘蓝中的残留进行了检测.结果表明:毒死蜱和噻虫嗪的混合标样添加水平为0.1～5.0 mg/kg时,毒死蜱和噻虫嗪的回收率分别为85.3％～91.2％和83.2％～86.1％,相对标准偏差均小于5％,检出限分别为0.031 mg/kg和0.039 mg/kg,准确度和精密度均达到农药残留分析的要求.该法简便快速,灵敏度高,适用于甘蓝中毒死蜱和噻虫嗪的残留量检测.  相似文献   

70%噻虫嗪WS对水稻壮苗及稻飞虱的防治效果     

付佑胜  赵桂东  刘伟中 《南方农业学报》2012,43(4):454-457

[目的]研究70%噻虫嗪WS不同处理方式对水稻的壮苗效果及对稻飞虱的防治效果,以期获得该药剂对水稻种子的最佳处理剂量和处理方法,为水稻安全生产提供科学依据.[方法]70%噻虫嗪WS:水稻种子按照20 g:100kg、40 g:100 kg和80 g:100 kg分别采用先包衣后浸种和先浸种后包衣的处理方式,以空白为对照,测定不同处理方式水稻种子发芽率、稻根长、叶片宽度、根数及对稻飞虱的防治效果.[结果]70%噻虫嗪WS按照药剂/种子为40 g/100kg,采用先包衣后浸种处理方式的综合效果最佳,处理后4d室内发芽率稳定为96.00%,30 d平均根长为4.93 cm,40 d水稻1~5叶位叶片宽度明显较对照宽,45 d的平均根数为54.0条,处理后15、30、45 d对稻飞虱的防治效果均高于96.00%.[结论]采用70%噻虫嗪WS按照药剂/种子为40 g/100 kg先包衣后浸种的处理方式对水稻秧苗及稻飞虱的综合效果最好,可以在生产中推广应用.  相似文献   

脲醛树脂微胶囊的制备及其对烟碱类杀虫剂的缓释性能     

崔七泽  曹莉慧  杨华 《湖北农业科学》2016,(22)

选择脲醛树脂作为囊壁材料,采用原位聚合法对烟碱类杀虫剂噻虫嗪、呋虫胺进行包裹,制备了具有缓释功能的微胶囊。获得脲醛树脂微胶囊最佳工艺参数:甲醛的摩尔比为1.0∶1.8,乳化60 min,酸化0.5 h,固化2 h。使用智能溶出试验仪,考察了微胶囊的包裹率、载药量和溶出率。结果表明,脲醛树脂微胶囊在18 d内可以实现均匀释放。田间试验表明,采用噻虫嗪微胶囊和呋虫胺微胶囊,用量分别为90g.ai/hm~2和45 g.ai/hm~2具有较好的防治水稻飞虱的效果。  相似文献   

增效剂对常用烟碱类杀虫剂防治棉蚜的减量增效作用     

张谦  王燕  黄山松  董明  冯国艺  王永强  刘旭  梁青龙  林永增  祁虹  王树林 《新疆农业科学》2021,58(8):1435-1440

【目的】研究添加增效剂对常用烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉和噻虫嗪防治棉蚜的增效作用,为增效剂和杀虫剂的科学高效利用提供数据基础。【方法】采用田间小区喷雾试验,测定增效剂的适宜用量,对比分析杀虫剂田间常规用量减少10%、20%、30%后添加增效剂对棉蚜的防效。【结果】0.15% Fieldor Max EC对烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉和噻虫嗪具有明显的增效作用,适宜用量为450.0~ 675.0 mL/hm²;杀虫剂减量后配施增效剂对棉蚜防效增加或相当,药后1 d,70%吡虫啉WG和25%噻虫嗪WG减量10%~30%后添加增效剂,防效分别为65.5%~81.4%和62.2%~78.5%,减量10%和20%防效显著高于常规用量,减量30%防效与常规用量差异不显著;药后3 d,70%吡虫啉WG和25%噻虫嗪WG减量10%~30%后添加增效剂,防效分别为68.4%~85.2%和63.5%~79.6%,减量10%和20%防效显著高于常规用量,减量30%防效与常规用量差异不显著;药后7 d,70%吡虫啉WG和25%噻虫嗪WG减量10%~30%后添加增效剂,防效分别为59.2%~78.5%和56.5%~71.1%,减量10%和20%防效显著高于常规用量,减量30%防效与常规用量差异不显著。【结论】增效剂0.15% Fieldor Max EC对吡虫啉和噻虫嗪具有明显的减量增效作用,推荐使用量为450~ 675 mL/hm²;减少吡虫啉和噻虫嗪用量10%~20%后添加增效剂,对棉蚜防效显著高于常规用量,减量30%防效与常规用量差异不显著,利用增效剂减少杀虫剂使用量和提高防治效果具有较好的应用价值。  相似文献   

Comparing the Impact of a Neonicotinoid and Biorational Agroneem on Herbivorous and Beneficial Arthropods on Cowpea and Tomato     

Jude Akamu Ewunkem  ;Louis Ernest Ndiva Jackai  ;Henry Osofuhene-Sintim  ;Beatrice Nuck Dingha 《农业科学与技术》2014,(7):585-596

Cowpea （Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.） and tomato （Lycopersicum esculentum L. Karst） are attacked by a wide range of insect pests worldwide. In many cases, pesticides are used to control the pests. In 2010 and 2011, we conducted field experiments to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a biorational （Agroneem~） and conventional pesticide （imidacloprid or thiamethoxam） on insect pests of these crops. In the first year, two varieties of cowpea （Mississippi Silver and Pinkeye Purple Hull） and two of tomato （Mariana and German Johnson） were used; in the second year, the better performing of each group （Mississippi Silver and Mariana） were used for the study. A split-plot design with four replications in Year 1, and a randomized complete block design with six treatment combinations in Year 2. In the first year, both pesticide groups were applied following manufacturer＇s recommendation （10-14 d cycles）; and in the second year, the application of the pesticides was driven by economic thresholds level （ETL） of insect pests. The most prevalent species of insects recorded in both crops were in the families： Chrysomelidae, Pentatomidae, Cicadellidae, Vespidae, Sarcophagidae, Thripidae and Sphingidae. In both years, the diversity of insects on cowpea was greater than on tomato and more insects were observed in the second year compared to the first, despite the absence of significant difference （P 〉 0.05） between varieties in the treated plots. The yield of cowpea and tomato was comparable in all sprayed plots.  相似文献   

噻虫嗪在农田土壤中环境行为的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

刘娟  张乃明 《土壤》2020,52(5):883-890

噻虫嗪是当前全球销售量最大的新烟碱类农药之一，随着噻虫嗪的广泛使用，噻虫嗪在土壤环境中的迁移转化和归宿问题成为研究热点。本文总结了噻虫嗪对陆生生物（蜜蜂、蚕、蚯蚓、鹌鹑）、水生生物（藻类、大型溞、斑马鱼等）以及土壤微生物的影响，系统综述了噻虫嗪在农田土壤中的残留、降解、吸附解析以及迁移与淋溶等环境行为及主要影响因素，并指出了噻虫嗪在农田土壤中环境行为相关研究存在的不足以及未来研究应该关注的重点和方向，以期为噻虫嗪的科学安全使用以及保障农田土壤生态环境健康提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Effectiveness of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid seed treatments against Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cotton     

Zhang L  Greenberg SM  Zhang Y  Liu TX 《Pest management science》2011,67(2):226-232

BACKGROUND: Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B is one of the most important pests on cotton around the world. Laboratory, greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid seed treatments against B. tabaci on cotton. RESULTS: Under laboratory conditions, the two treatments caused whitefly adult mortality, reduced oviposition and increased mortality of nymphs at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after germination (DAG). The longer the adults fed on plants from treated seeds, the higher the mortality. The two treatments did not have any effect on eggs. The efficacy of the treated seeds against B. tabaci gradually decreased from 10 to 40 DAG, being the lowest at 40 DAG. In laboratory experiments, the efficacies between the two treatments were similar. In greenhouse experiments, the two treatments were equally effective with lower numbers of whiteflies than untreated controls. With both treatments the concentrations of the active ingredient were gradually reduced with aging of the plants and from the bottom to the top leaves of the plants. Numbers of live whiteflies were well correlated with the dosage of active ingredients. Under field conditions, the seeds treated with both insecticides exhibited similar efficacy against B. tabaci for up to ～2 months. CONCLUSION: Cotton seeds treated with imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were effective against B. tabaci for up to 45 days under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, and up to ～2 months under field conditions. Use of imidacloprid‐ and thiamethoxam‐treated seeds can be an important alternative for management of whiteflies on cotton. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal distribution of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in citrus and impact on Homalodisca coagulata populations     

Castle SJ  Byrne FJ  Bi JL  Toscano NC 《Pest management science》2005,61(1):75-84

Titers of two systemic neonicotinoid insecticides in citrus trees were measured in conjunction with conventional evaluations of their impact on glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca coagulata (Say); GWSS) populations. Xylem fluid samples were collected at regular intervals and from multiple locations within field-grown citrus trees to determine imidacloprid and thiamethoxam concentrations using commercial ELISA kits. Uptake profiles varied considerably with peak mean titers of imidacloprid occurring 6-8 weeks after application compared with 2 weeks for thiamethoxam. The persistence of each compound also varied as near-peak levels of imidacloprid were sustained for another 6-10 weeks before gradually declining. In contrast, thiamethoxam titers declined more rapidly after the initial peak, possibly reflecting an application rate only one-quarter of that used for imidacloprid. Within-tree distributions were more similar for the two compounds, with no significant effect due to height of the sample (upper or lower half) or to the quadrant location within the tree, with the exception of one quadrant in the thiamethoxam-treated trees. Substantial reductions in GWSS nymphs and adults were observed in imidacloprid-treated trees during the 2001 trial and were sustained for 4-5 months after treatment. Treatment effects on nymphs were not as well pronounced in the 2002 trial, when overall GWSS infestations were much reduced from the previous year. However, consistently lower adult infestations were still observed in 2002 for both treatments compared with untreated trees. Information on the spatial and temporal profiles in citrus trees was obtained for both compounds to complement field impact data and improve understanding of their pest management potential.  相似文献