平阴玫瑰花粉亚显微形态及品种分类研究   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

王文莉  赵兰勇  丰震  朱西存  张友朋  王延龄 《园艺学报》2005,32(3):527-530

 对平阴玫瑰24个品种的花粉亚显微形态进行了扫描电镜观察研究, 并进行了主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明, 在花粉亚显微形态特征方面, 各品种之间既有共性, 也存在明显差别, 特别是外壁纹饰的不同可作为玫瑰品种鉴别的重要依据。聚类分析将平阴玫瑰花粉分为两大类, 即玫瑰系和蔷薇系, 与传统形态分类结论基本一致, 但也存在一定的差异。  相似文献   

菊花18个品种的RAPD分析   总被引：25，自引：3，他引：25  

秦贺兰  游捷  高俊平 《园艺学报》2002,29(5):488-490

 采用RAPD 技术分析了18 个菊花品种DNA 的多态性。从80 个10 碱基随机引物中筛选出多态性频率高的3 个引物。扩增的多态性片段在600 bp～1300 bp 之间。检测出两个品种特有的分子标记, ‘大红托桂’有OPD15 (1200 bp) ,‘玉翎管’缺失OPA17 (1100 bp) 。瓣型一致的品种间基因型相似系数较高。  相似文献   

对锰害敏感性不同的两个苹果品种枝条中锰的积累与分布   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

徐圣友  姚青  王贺  张福锁  于忠范  姜学龄 《园艺学报》2003,30(1):19-22

 以对苹果粗皮病抗性不同的两个苹果品种富士(感病) 和乔纳金(抗病) 为材料,通过田间采样、室内盆栽模拟,结合组织化学、显微鉴定和X- 射线微区分析,研究了枝条内锰的累积、分布与粗皮病抗性的关系。结果表明,锰在韧皮部的含量高于木质部,感病品种含量高于抗病品种;粗皮病病斑部位存在氧化锰沉淀,韧皮部锰的局部累积和分布与病斑的分布相一致;锰在感病品种的枝条横截面上存在局部累积现象,而在抗病品种上分布较均匀。  相似文献   

辽宁省果树科学研究所梨育种回顾与展望     

王家珍  李俊才  沙守峰  蔡忠民  李宏军  姜晓艳  孙丽梅 《北方果树》2020,(1):1-6

作者对辽宁省果树科学研究所近40年来育种工作进行了系统的回顾,包括杂交育种、芽变选种、实生选种等不同育种方法及在梨果实性状遗传规律方面取得的成就等。并对未来的育种趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   

不同品种和地区对稻米镉含量与品质的耦合影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孙亚莉  徐庆国  刘红梅  李先喆  杨明  陈璐 《中国农学通报》2017,33(17):1-7

为了研究不同水稻品种在不同种植地区的稻米镉含量及其与品质的关系,以分别种植在湖南长沙和广东惠州的‘齐丰占’、‘湘直粳’、‘玉香油占’等46个不同遗传背景的水稻品种(系)为研究对象,采用原子吸光光谱法测定稻米镉含量和FOSS全自动流动注射仪测定米质各性状指标。结果表明:(1)不同基因型水稻品种的镉积累存在极显著水平的品种间差异,在长沙地区种植稻米平均镉含量大约是惠州地区的两倍。(2)不同水稻品种(系)在惠州地区种植的稻米品质明显优于长沙地区。(3)不同水稻品种(系)在长沙地区种植的精米镉含量与胶稠度、蛋白质含量间具显著相关性;而在惠州地区主要与糙米率、精米率呈显著水平的负相关;与其他米质性状的相关性均未达显著水平。惠州地区稻田环境更利于种植水稻,‘湘晚12选32’、‘湘晚籼12号’、‘湘晚6选31’等为低镉积累品种,可推广;‘佳福占’、‘9311选’、‘R云育90’等镉含量已超过国标,不可作为生产推广品种。  相似文献   

Genes for resistance to powdery mildew in European barley cultivars registered in the Czech Republic from 2011 to 2015          下载免费PDF全文

Antonín Dreiseitl 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(3):351-356

Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is cultivated on 49.1 million hectares worldwide with 50.2% of the area located in Europe. Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh), occurs wherever barley is grown. Cultivar resistance plays an important role in global barley production, especially in parts of Europe where high concentrations of both spring and winter types are grown. The aim of this report was to postulate specific resistance genes in barleys from nine European countries registered in the Czech Republic from 2011 to 2015. Thirty‐five spring cultivars and 27 winter barleys were tested with 56 diverse Bgh isolates. Twenty‐five known resistance genes were postulated, and unknown genes were detected in Sandra, Saturn and Zeppelin. Unidentified specific resistance genes were also present in winter hybrids Hobbit and Wootan. Spring cultivars Arthur and Francin consisted of three and two genotypes, respectively. Resistance gene mlo was present in 26 spring cultivars, and the proportion of cultivars with this gene increased from 62.9% in 2006–2010 to 75.7% in 2011–2015. The gene Mlp1 was identified for the first time in German winter cultivar Saturn. Five spring cultivars registered in Slovakia were included in the tests. All the cultivars that were tested contained one or more specific resistance genes to powdery mildew. Adaptability of the pathogen and possibilities for breeding winter barleys are discussed.  相似文献   

家庭香葱盆栽技术研究     

陈丽娜  陈石  龙卫平 《蔬菜》2017,(6):26-28

为了探明家庭盆栽香葱的最佳方式,比较了不同品种、摆放位置和采收方式对香葱的影响。结果表明:与本地小香葱(对照)和改良日本香葱相比,农友小香葱植株优势明显,更适宜家庭盆栽种植;摆放位置表现为屋顶最佳,朝东阳台次之,朝北阳台最差;剪切采收显著增加分蘖数,分株采收则能保证植株粗壮。  相似文献   

Extensive dispersal of Roanoke logperch (Percina rex) inferred from genetic marker data          下载免费PDF全文

James H. Roberts  Paul L. Angermeier  Eric M. Hallerman 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2016,25(1):1-16

The dispersal ecology of most stream fishes is poorly characterised, complicating conservation efforts for these species. We used microsatellite DNA marker data to characterise dispersal patterns and effective population size (N_e) for a population of Roanoke logperch Percina rex, an endangered darter (Percidae). Juveniles and candidate parents were sampled for 2 years at sites throughout the Roanoke River watershed. Dispersal was inferred via genetic assignment tests (ATs), pedigree reconstruction (PR) and estimation of lifetime dispersal distance under a genetic isolation‐by‐distance model. Estimates of N_e varied from 105 to 1218 individuals, depending on the estimation method. Based on PR, polygamy was frequent in parents of both sexes, with individuals spawning with an average of 2.4 mates. The sample contained 61 half‐sibling pairs, but only one parent–offspring pair and no full‐sib pairs, which limited our ability to discriminate natal dispersal of juveniles from breeding dispersal of their parents between spawning events. Nonetheless, all methods indicated extensive dispersal. The AT indicated unrestricted dispersal among sites ≤15 km apart, while siblings inferred by the PR were captured an average of 14 km and up to 55 km apart. Model‐based estimates of median lifetime dispersal distance (6–24 km, depending on assumptions) bracketed AT and PR estimates, indicating that widely dispersed individuals do, on average, contribute to gene flow. Extensive dispersal of P. rex suggests that darters and other small benthic stream fishes may be unexpectedly mobile. Monitoring and management activities for such populations should encompass entire watersheds to fully capture population dynamics.  相似文献   

Dispersal and tributary immigration by juvenile coho salmon contribute to spatial expansion during colonisation     

Joseph H. Anderson  George R. Pess  Peter M. Kiffney  Todd R. Bennett  Paul L. Faulds  William I. Atlas  Thomas P. Quinn 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2013,22(1):30-42

Anadromous fishes are frequently restricted by artificial barriers to movement such as dams and culverts, so measuring dispersal helps identify sites where improved connectivity could promote range expansion and population viability. We used a combination of DNA‐based parentage analysis and mark–recapture techniques to evaluate dispersal by juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in a population in the initial stages of colonisation following installation of fish passage structures at a previously impassable dam on the Cedar River, WA, USA. The spatial distribution of individuals within maternal families revealed that dispersal was common. Among the offspring of radio‐tagged mothers, 28% were collected outside the spawning reach and dispersed up to 6.3 km (median = 1.5 km). Most juveniles captured in a tributary (Rock Creek, where few adults spawned) had immigrated from the Cedar River and represented many different families. Juvenile dispersal therefore provided a secondary phase of spatial expansion following initial colonisation by adults. Consistent with the condition‐dependent dispersal hypothesis, juveniles that dispersed farther upstream in the tributary were larger than fish collected near the tributary mouth. Overall, the results demonstrated widespread dispersal in a system with low coho salmon densities, and this might increase the rate of population growth if it reduces the effects of local density dependence. By implication, juveniles can take advantage of rearing habitats reconnected through barrier removal, even when such areas are located several kilometres from adult breeding grounds.  相似文献   

烤烟品种比较试验的小区边际效应研究     

王晓园  黄景崇  刘好宝  张成省  孙惠青 《安徽农业科学》2013,41(19):8119-8120,8148

[目的]保证烤烟小区试验的代表性和科学性。[方法]通过小区试验对烤烟品种比较试验的小区边际效应进行研究。[结果]各品种除产量不存在边行优势外,上等烟比例、上中等烟比例、烟叶外观质量、烟叶评吸质量等4个指标均存在不同程度的优势;边行优势最大值分别为9.4%、3.9%、11.6%和10.4%。边行优势存在一定的品种间差异性,综合分析,中烟103受优势影响最大,边际效应为10.9%,云烟87受优势影响最小,边际效应为9.1%。[结论]边际效应直接影响各个材料产量的高低及品质的排名,在烤烟品种比较试验中要通过适当扩大小区面积和选取内行植株调查来避免小区边际效应对结果的影响。  相似文献