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1.
Adventitious shoot regeneration from mature stored cotyledons of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lind1) was achieved in vitro. The influences of the presence and absence of the light, different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzyladenine (BA) in the culture media, TDZ pretreatments and different basal salts on shoot regeneration were evaluated. TDZ was more effective in inducing shoot regeneration from mature stored cotyledons than BA. Dark incubation significantly increased the regeneration frequencies. Quoirin/Lepoivre (QL) basal salts stimulated shoot regeneration more than woody plant (WPM) or B5 salts did. The frequency of adventitious shoot formation varied among the varieties and the regeneration ability appeared to be genotype depended. The frequency of regeneration under the optimum tested conditions for ‘Bruce’, ‘Shiro’, ‘Redheart’, ‘Gladstone’ and ‘Early Golden’ cotyledons were 66.7%, 46.7%, 43.3%, 26.7% and 6.7%, respectively. 相似文献
2.
High frequency and direct (without callus) plant regeneration was achieved from whole leaf explants of thornless blackberry (Rubus hybrid) cv. Black Satin (EC No. 381258; PI No. 553272) in vitro. Leaf blade explants from 1-, 3- and 5-month-old mother cultures were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with thidiazuron (TDZ), N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indol-3-butyric acid (IBA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), alone or in combination. Three-month explants cultured on 0.02 mg l−1 TDZ produced a high regeneration frequency (91.7%) and the most shoots/leaf explant (17.3). The shoot primordia developed within 3 weeks from the point of detachment of the petiole from the leaf blade. The age of the explant source significantly affected the shoot regeneration potential of the leaf explants. Leaves excised from 3-month-old in vitro-cultured shoots performed better than those from 1- and 5-month-old shoots. Shoots rooted best on half-strength MS basal medium with 0.5 mg l−1 IBA and 90% of the plantlets survived acclimatization. The regenerated plantlets were morphologically similar to the mother plants. 相似文献
3.
蝴蝶兰原球茎和丛生芽增殖条件优化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
分别以蝴蝶兰(Phalaenop spp)原球茎(Protocorm like body,PLB)和幼芽为外植体,研究了蝴蝶兰原球茎和丛生芽增殖的适宜条件。结果表明,适合于原球茎增殖的培养基为1/3MS+TDZ 0.2 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L+蔗糖20 g/L+琼脂8 g/L+活性炭2 g/L+CM 200 mL/L。适合于丛生芽增殖的培养基为1/3MS+TDZ 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖20 g/L+琼脂8 g/L+活性炭2 g/L+CM 200 mL/L。TDZ的效果好于6-BA。对丛生芽的切割能显著提高增殖倍数。 相似文献
4.
Factors influencing tissue culture responses of mature seeds and immature embryos in turf-type tall fescue 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
In an effort to optimize tissue culture responses of turf‐type tall fescue for genetic transformation, the effects of five culture medium supplements on tissue culture responses were investigated with immature embryos and mature seeds of an elite cultivar, ‘Coronado’, as explant tissues. For both explants, calli induced on 6‐benzylaminopurine (BAP)‐containing medium had significantly improved regeneration ability. The optimal concentration of BAP for the induction of regenerable callus from mature seeds was 0.1 mg/l. Thidiazuron also improved callus regeneration frequency of mature seeds. Casein hydrolysate, L‐proline and myo‐inositol improved callus induction of immature embryos but not mature seeds. They did not improve callus regeneration frequencies with either explant tissue. By simply slicing the mature seeds into two halves longitudinally, the callus induction frequencies, as well as the corresponding overall plant regeneration frequencies, were increased approximately three‐ to six‐fold in all three combinations of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and BAP in callus induction media. 相似文献
5.
洋葱高频离体再生体系的建立 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以洋葱（Allium cepa L.）品种‘W465’的幼嫩花序和不同发育时期的幼蕾为外植体材料,研究激素配比对其愈伤组织诱导、再生和生根驯化的影响,以建立洋葱高频离体再生体系。研究结果表明,洋葱幼嫩花序为最佳外植体材料,在含有1.0 mg · L-1 2,4-D + 1.0 mg · L-1 6-BA 的B5 培养基上愈伤诱导率为100%,在添加1.0 mg · L-1 TDZ 的B5 培养基上再生芽分化率为78.13%,在1/2 MS + 0.01 mg · L-1 NAA 培养基上可诱导生根,驯化移栽成活率达到95%。 相似文献
6.
Junqiang Li Yongqing Wang Lihua Lin Lijun Zhou Nan Luo Qunxian Deng Junren Xian Chunxia Hou Yuan Qiu 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008
The object of this study was to induce embryogenesis and establish plant regeneration system for anther culture in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.). Cold pretreatment was a key factor, and supplement of 2,4-D in the media was absolutely necessary for induction of calluses from cultured loquat anthers. The best response of anthers to in vitro culture was obtained when a 48-h cold pretreatment was employed to flower buds at 4 °C in darkness. Genotype was a decisive factor for embryo differentiation. When anther-derived calluses of three loquat cultivars, i.e., cv. ‘Longquan1’, ‘Dawuxing’ and ‘Zaozhong6’, were transferred to embryo differentiation medium, embryos were induced only for cv. ‘Dawuxing’ on MS medium containing 3% sucrose, 0.23 μM ZT in combination with 0.05 μM NAA + 0.05 μM IBA or 0.11 μM NAA + 0.10 μM IBA, and the differentiation rates were 3.33% and 10.00%, respectively. The results of histological studies showed that embryos developed through typical globular, heart, torpedo and cotyledon stages after 4 weeks of culture. The treatment designed to mature the embryos on medium containing 3% of sucrose at 4 °C under darkness for 4 weeks was effective for subsequent embryo germination and plant conversion, which gave rise to 72.5% plant recovery. Cytological studies showed that 26 plantlets were haploids (n = 17) and the remaining 4 plantlets were diploids for the 30 regenerants tested. 相似文献
7.
In laboratory, greenhouse and field tests, we determined the effects of combining full rates of the defoliants tribufos and thidiazuron and the herbicide thifensulfuron-methyl with half rates of the insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin or azinphos-methyl, and the combination of tribufos and thidiazuron, both in half rates, on mortality of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman and on the quality of defoliation. Tribufos, 0.47 kg ha(-1) and tribufos, 0.235 kg ha(-1) + thidiazuron, 0.125 kg ha(-1) exhibited a slightly toxic effect to boll weevil, while tribufos, 0.47 kg ha(-1) + lambda-cyhalothrin, 0.019 kg ha(-1), tribufos, 0.47 kg ha(-1) + azinphos-methyl, 0.14 kg ha(-1), and tribufos, 0.235 kg ha(-1) + thidiazuron, 0.125 kg ha(-1) + azinphos-methyl, 0.14 kg ha(-l), provided control of boll weevil as good as or better than full-rate azinphos-methyl or lambda-cyhalothrin alone owing to synergistic effects. Thidiazuron or thifensulfuron-methyl alone or in combination with insecticides did not affect boll weevil mortality. Treatment with tribufos + thidiazuron, both at half rate, significantly increased defoliation compared to full rates of tribufos or thidiazuron alone, and provided adequate defoliation for approximately the same cost per hectare. 相似文献
8.
Traditional breeding methods require more than 6 years to obtain homozygous inbred lines, while isolated microspore culture (IMC) is an effective way to cultivate double haploid homozygous lines in only 2 years. However, low embryogenesis induction frequency in Chinese flowering cabbage remains a key obstacle to the practical application of this technique. Thidiazuron was added at different concentrations to NLN‐13 medium to estimate its effects on microspore embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration. Results showed that three genotypes responded positively. Optimum thidiazuron concentrations produced embryo yields of up to 14.67 embryos per bud and increased microspore embryogenesis frequency with up to 100% survival. Plantlet regeneration rates were up to 81.67%, and the treatment groups showed lower callus formation. We obtained up to 552 diploid plants from the tested genotypes, and the percentage of doubled haploid at different TDZ concentrations showed slight differences, and doubled haploid rates in the three genotypes were above 70%. They showed a high uniformity and can be directly used for hybrid breeding. This method accelerates microspore application in Chinese flowering cabbage hybrid breeding. 相似文献
9.
植物生长调节剂噻苯隆对甜瓜品质的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
【目的】研究不同浓度噻苯隆对设施栽培薄皮甜瓜的感官特征、营养成分、挥发性风味和滋味的影响,为噻苯隆在甜瓜中的安全使用提供理论依据。【方法】以薄皮甜瓜为研究对象,采用不同浓度噻苯隆替代人工授粉。通过测定甜瓜的感官特征(横径、纵径、单瓜重、硬度和色泽)、营养成分(水分、可溶性固形物、维生素C、有机酸和糖)及基于电子鼻的香气性状和基于电子舌滋味性状,结合相关性分析和主成分分析,评价噻苯隆的使用及浓度水平对甜瓜风味品质的影响,并通过液相色谱-串联质谱法测定甜瓜中噻苯隆的残留量。【结果】在感官特征方面,噻苯隆的使用能够显著提高甜瓜的纵径、单瓜重和硬度,当噻苯隆使用浓度为4 mg·kg~(-1)时,甜瓜的纵径和单瓜重达到最大,分别为136.81 mm和322.44 g,较对照组增加了32.2%和28.2%。甜瓜的硬度与噻苯隆的使用浓度呈正相关性(r2=0.8183)。噻苯隆的使用能显著降低果皮亮度及黄色色泽,但不同浓度间无显著差异;甜瓜外部果肉的绿色产生差异与噻苯隆的使用浓度存在相关性。在营养成分方面,噻苯隆的使用能够引起甜瓜中维生素C和柠檬酸含量的大幅降低,随着噻苯隆使用浓度的增加,维生素C的含量逐渐减少,当噻苯隆使用浓度为8 mg·kg~(-1)时,甜瓜中维生素C的含量较对照小区甜瓜样品下降了59.8%,仅为5.20 mg/100 g;而柠檬酸的浓度下降20.0%—65.0%。但噻苯隆的使用对甜瓜水分没有显著影响。甜瓜中可溶性固形物、果糖含量的变化与噻苯隆的使用浓度有关,低浓度的噻苯隆能引起甜瓜可溶性固形物含量的降低和果糖含量的增加,高浓度则反之。通过主成分分析,发现经过不同浓度噻苯隆处理的甜瓜在挥发性风味和滋味上存在明显的差别,并且与浓度之间呈一定相关性,噻苯隆使用浓度越大,差异性越大。噻苯隆在甜瓜中残留量符合国家的限量标准。【结论】不同浓度的噻苯隆会对甜瓜的感官特征(横径、纵径、单瓜重、色泽和硬度)、营养成分(水分、可溶性固形物、维生素C、有机酸和糖)、挥发性风味组成和滋味产生一定影响。特别是高浓度的噻苯隆能够大幅降低甜瓜维生素C和柠檬酸的含量,对挥发挥发性风味组成和滋味影响较大。与使用高浓度的噻苯隆相比,低浓度的噻苯隆(4 mg·kg~(-1))使甜瓜的风味更接近人工授粉甜瓜的风味。 相似文献
10.
LIU Xinling CAO Banghua .College of Forestry Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an P.R.China .College of Forestry Resources Environment Beijing Forestry University Beijing P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2005,4(4):19-23
INTRODUCTION Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a nitrogen- fixing leguminous tree valuable for its agroforestry qualities (ornamental value, timber production, animal feed, and honey production). Moreover, its fast growing rate and potential for environmental amelioration have drawn attention to the species as one of the leading candidates for woody biomass plantations (Mitchell C P, 1988; Ranney J W, et al, 1988). The amenability of black locust to be regenerated by tissue cul… 相似文献