菌丝霉素分泌型丁酸梭菌防治罗非鱼链球菌病的应用研究     

赵培静  曹丁  陈勉华  张玲华  明飞平  梁倩怡  夏枫耿 《中国饲料》2021,(1):102-106

为解决罗非鱼链球菌感染难题,本研究在抗菌肽菌丝霉素分泌型丁酸梭菌制剂的基础上,对其进行了抑菌活性、稳定性和罗非鱼养殖应用研究。结果发现:表达产物菌丝霉素对常见致病菌如大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和猪链球菌均有较好的抑菌活性。选用米糠作为菌丝霉素分泌型丁酸梭菌的保护剂载体,此制剂可在常温保存一年。通过上述的应用基础试验,初步建立一套菌丝霉素分泌型丁酸梭菌制剂养殖应用方案,此方案可显著降低罗非鱼链球菌病发病率58.6%以上。本研究为丁酸梭菌制剂在防治罗非鱼链球菌病应用方面提供了参考,此制剂有望替代抗生素,促进罗非鱼养殖业的持续健康发展。  相似文献   

不同植物油对大规格吉富罗非鱼生长性能、组织脂肪酸组成的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李新  谭晓晨  张健  杨瑞斌  钱雪桥 《动物营养学报》2016,(10):3327-3336

本试验旨在探究大规格吉富罗非鱼(GIFT)对不同植物油的利用效果,筛选出大规格吉富罗非鱼饲料中合适的植物脂肪源。分别以大豆油(SO)、棕榈油(PO)、棉籽油(CO)、菜籽油(RO)、磷脂油(SL)和大豆油∶棕榈油∶棉籽油∶菜籽油∶磷脂油=1∶1∶1∶1∶1的混合油(MIX)为脂肪源配制6种等氮等脂的试验饲料,饲喂初始体重为(229.92±0.31)g的吉富罗非鱼8周。每种试验饲料投喂4个网箱(重复),每个网箱放养50尾。结果表明:对于增重率和特定生长率,棉籽油组和混合油组显著低于菜籽油组(P0.05)。菜籽油组饲料系数显著低于混合油组(P0.05),其他各组间无显著差异(P0.05)。混合油组蛋白质效率显著低于菜籽油组和磷脂油组(P0.05)。混合油组肝体指数显著高于棕榈油组和菜籽油组(P0.05)。大豆油组、菜籽油组、棕榈油组和磷脂油组在增重率、特定生长率和饲料系数方面没有显著差异(P0.05)。大豆油组和菜籽油组肌肉饱和脂肪酸总量显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。对于肌肉中n-3系脂肪酸/n-6系脂肪酸,菜籽油组显著高于其他各组(P0.05),棉籽油显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。棉籽油组肝脏饱和脂肪酸总量显著高于其他各组(P0.05),菜籽油组则显著低于其他各组(P0.05);对于肝脏n-3/n-6,菜籽油组显著高于其他各组(P0.05)。各组肌肉脂肪酸组成与饲料脂肪酸组成的相关系数均高于肝脏脂肪酸组成与饲料脂肪酸组成的相关系数。在饲料脂肪酸组成与肌肉或肝脏脂肪酸组成的相关系数中,均以棕榈油组最大,磷脂油组最小。由此得出,大豆油、棕榈油、菜籽油和磷脂油可以作为大规格吉富罗非鱼(体重为230~790 g)饲料中良好的脂肪源。大规格吉富罗非鱼肌肉中脂肪酸组成一定程度上被饲料脂肪酸组成影响,但肝脏脂肪酸组成与饲料脂肪酸组成的相关性较小。  相似文献   

Effects of Oxygen Supplementation on Lake Trout Brood Stock     

《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3):89-96

This study was conducted to determine the effects of oxygen supplementation and nitrogen supersaturation on the fecundity and performance of Lewis Lake strain lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, brood stock. Performance of brood fish held in water supersaturated with oxygen was compared to that of controls raised at or below 100% saturation for 334 days. Incoming water averaged 78.4% saturation in the morning; the addition of oxygen increased saturation to 104.6%. As a result, average morning nitrogen saturation was reduced from 105.7% to 100.9%. In oxygen-supplemented water, peak daily oxygen saturation averged 129.0% in the afternoon. At this saturation level, average nitrogen gas was reduced to 98.4% saturation. Total gas pressure never exceeded 109.1% with oxygen supplementation; however, nitrogen supersaturation reached 110% in raceways with no oxygen supplementation. Weight gain, feed conversion, egg survival, egg size, and number of eggs per female were not affected by increasing oxygen saturation.  相似文献   

谷氨酸铜对罗非鱼和草鱼生长性能血清生化指标和体组成的影响     

李云峰  覃宗华  彭险峰  丁丽  唐娇  欧阳燕媚  肖灿 《中国饲料》2013,(18)

为研究谷氨酸铜制剂对罗非鱼、草鱼的生长性能、血清生化指标和鱼体组成的影响，选用180尾罗非鱼、135尾草鱼，分别随机分为3个处理组，每组3个重复，每个重复20或15尾。在基础饲料中添加五水硫酸铜作为对照组（10 mg/kg），试验组添加谷氨酸铜（高、低剂量组分别为10、5 mg/kg，按铜离子计），饲养8周。结果表明：与对照组相比，谷氨酸铜高、低剂量组罗非鱼的增重率分别提高3.9%和5.8%，草鱼的增重率分别提高4.0%和5.9%；罗非鱼特定生长率分别提高1.9%和3.3%，草鱼分别提高2.5%和3.5%；罗非鱼和草鱼的平均饵料系数分别降低7.6%和3.7%。两种鱼的血清生化指标及体组成各试验组间均无显著差别（P＞0.05）。由此可见，日粮中添加适量谷氨酸铜可提高鱼体的生长性能，且效果优于五水硫酸铜。  相似文献   

The effect of nearly closed RAS on the feed intake and growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla)     

《Aquacultural Engineering》2015

One of the challenges that Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) are still facing is the risk that in RAS fish grow less than in flow-through systems due to the accumulation of substances originating from feed, fish or bacteria associated with the water re-use. The present study investigated whether RAS with high and low accumulation levels of these substances affect feed intake and growth of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, African catfish Clarias gariepinus, and European eel Anguilla Anguilla. One-hundred and twenty individuals of each species were used (start body weights: Nile tilapia 264.8 ± 8.3 g; African catfish 253.2 ± 2.1 g and European eel 66.6 ± 1.3 g). For a period of 39 days, growth and feed intake were compared between high and low accumulation RAS. HIGH accumulation RAS was designed for maximal accumulation of substances in the water by operating the system at nearly-closed conditions (30 L/kg feed/d), using mature biofilters and high feed loads; and (2) LOW accumulation RAS was designed to be a proxy for flow-through systems by operating at high water exchange rates (1500 L/kg feed/d), new biofilters and low feed load. HIGH accumulation RAS induced a reduction in feed intake (42%) and growth (83%) of Nile tilapia, as compared to systems that are a proxy for flow-through conditions. This effect was not observed in European eel and African catfish. The cause of this reduced feed intake and growth rate of Nile tilapia is still unclear and should be addressed in further studies.  相似文献   

不同饲料蛋白质水平对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼生长和鱼体组成的影响   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

胡国成  李思发  何学军  邓效伟  周培勇 《饲料工业》2006,27(6):24-27

用3种不同蛋白含量(23.1%、37.6%和47.9%)的配合饲料投喂吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼78d,结果显示,①随着饲料蛋白质含量从23.1%上升到47.9%,平均日增重从0.30g/d上升到0.74g/d,3组之间的日增重和体重有显著差异(P<0.05);饲料系数从1.53下降为0.98,3组之间的饲料系数有显著差异(P<0.05)。②不同的蛋白质水平对鱼体蛋白质和脂肪的含量有影响,各组之间差异显著(P<0.05),对灰分的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。③蛋白含量为23.1%、37.6%和47.9%的配合饲料的成本分别为2.77元/kg、3.67元/kg、4.60元/kg。④初步认为蛋白含量为37.6%的配合饲料更适合吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼苗种培育的生产需要。  相似文献   

Economic profitability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) production in Kenya     

Aloyce R Kaliba  Charles C Ngugi  John Mackambo  & Kwamena K Quagrainie 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(11):1129-1136

Economic profitability of Nile tilapia production in Kenya was analysed using a model that simulated individual fish growth and took fish population dynamics in the pond into account. The results suggest that the currently practiced mixed‐sex tilapia culture is economically unsustainable. It is suggested that research and extension efforts be geared towards developing monosex Nile tilapia production systems. Nile tilapia culture with African catfish predation should be viewed as an intermediate step towards all‐male Nile tilapia culture. This will allow accumulation of both physical and human capital to support all‐male tilapia culture. Under all‐male culture, economic returns are high enough to justify investment in Nile tilapia culture using borrowed capital. However, the success of monosex culture will depend on the availability and affordability of quality fingerlings and low‐cost fish feeds. The results have a wide application in Sub‐Saharan Africa where mixed‐sex Nile tilapia culture is common.  相似文献   

电子鼻结合GC-MS分析不同干燥方式对罗非鱼片挥发性风味成分的影响     

罗静  李敏  张莹  刘岩  关志强 《南方水产科学》2022,18(1):135-143

为了解不同干燥方式对罗非鱼片挥发性风味物质的影响,为罗非鱼片加工提供参考依据,采用电子鼻和顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术(HS-SPME-GC-MS)分析了经超声波辅助聚葡萄糖渗透热泵干燥(UAPOHPD)、热泵干燥(HPD)、超声波辅助聚葡萄糖渗透真空冷冻-热泵联合干燥(UAPOVFHPCD)和真空冷冻干燥...  相似文献   

零换水条件下复合益生菌对罗非鱼生长性能、肌肉品质及养殖水体环境的影响     

陈丽婷  吴剑峰  赵玉兵  严欣  肖俊  罗永巨  项桂德  梁军能 《广东农业科学》2022,49(4):123-134

【目的】研究零换水条件下复合益生菌对罗非鱼生长性能、肌肉品质及养殖水体环境的影响,为渔 业节能减排与生态高效健康养殖提供参考。【方法】以罗非鱼为研究对象,在零换水条件下添加复合益生菌（试 验处理）开展罗非鱼养殖试验,以正常换水的养殖模式作为对照,进行罗非鱼生长性能、肌肉品质及主要水质指 标、细菌群落结构的对比。【结果】在零换水条件下,试验处理罗非鱼成活率为 83.3%,显著高于对照;饵料系 数 2.3,显著低于对照;肌肉品质方面,试验处理粗蛋白含 22.17%,显著高于对照。在整个养殖周期,试验处理 的主要水质指标维持相对稳定,水温为 26.5~30.5℃,pH 为 7.0~8.0,而亚硝酸盐为 0.039 mg/L,显著低于对照; 两组优势菌群相似,但试验处理菌群多样性指数高于对照。【结论】在零换水条件下,养殖水体中添加复合益生 菌提高了罗非鱼的成活率,降低了饵料系数,并在一定程度上改善了肌肉品质,并对养殖水环境具有改善作用, 菌群多样性指数提高,在整个养殖生产周期内对常规养殖模式依靠频繁换水释放环境压力的替代作用良好。  相似文献   

硝化型和异养型生物絮团养殖系统罗非鱼养殖效果和微生物群落结构比较     

杜欣泽  刘文畅  谭洪新  罗国芝  万玉美 《上海海洋大学学报》2022,31(5):1108-1119

为了对比硝化型和异养型生物絮团养殖系统的运行效果,实验在硝化组和异养组中养殖吉富罗非(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus)幼鱼51天,对比研究罗非鱼的生长性能、非特异性免疫酶活、消化酶活以及水体和肠道微生物的群落结构。结果显示：两组罗非鱼的成活率和增重率等生长性能指标均无显著性差异。异养组罗非鱼的非特异性免疫酶活显著高于硝化组。硝化组罗非鱼肠道的淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性均显著高于异养组,异养组的蛋白酶显著高于硝化组。罗非鱼肠道占比前5的优势门均为变形菌门 (Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和衣原体门(Chlamydiae),其中变形菌门是各组中最主要的菌群。硝化型水中占比前4的优势门为变形菌门,绿弯菌门,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes);异养型水中占比前4的优势门为变形菌门,绿弯菌门,拟杆菌门,放线菌门。分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium)是是水体和肠道中最主要的潜在致病菌而Diplorickettsiaceae和邻单胞菌属(Plesiomonas)均保持在较低水平。水体和肠道中除梭菌属(Clostridium)外其余潜在致病菌如气单胞菌属(Aeromonas),黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)等含量水平硝化型组均高于异养型组。  相似文献