Periodicity and gradients in dispersal ofAlternaria linicola in linseed crops     

I. Vloutoglou  B. D. L. Fitt  J. A. Lucas 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1995,101(6):639-653

Conidia ofAlternaria linicola produced on infected linseed crops were mainly dispersed by wind. The numbers of conidia in the air above linseed crops collected by a Burkard spore sampler were greatest between 1200 h and 1300 h, when the relative humidity was lowest. Although numbers of conidia collected decreased with increasing height within and above the crop canopy, air-borneA. linicola conidia were present up to 80 cm above the crop canopy. Conidia ofA. linicola were transported by wind up to at least 40 m downwind from an artificial line inoculum source, but their numbers decreased with increasing distance from the source. In 1991, 1992, and 1993, the dispersal ofA. linicola conidia above linseed crops followed a seasonal periodicity which was influenced by weather conditions and cultural practices. The greatest numbers of conidia were collected during July, August and early September and coincided with periods favourable for sporulation and with an increase in the incidence of the disease in the senescent crop. Air-borneA. linicola conidia produced on point or line inoculum sources (naturally infected linseed stem debris) were responsible for the spread of the disease in linseed crops. In 1992 and 1993, the disease was first detected downwind from the sources, but by the end of the growing seasons, it had spread in all directions and up to 20 m and 60 m from the sources, respectively. Disease gradients were initially steep near the inoculum sources but they became flatter with time due to the secondary spread of the disease.  相似文献   

南方灭鼠应用稻谷与大米毒饵的比较          下载免费PDF全文

张美文  王勇  李波  陈安国 《植物保护学报》2003,30(1):86-90

生物测定法测得谷壳对复方88-1灭鼠剂的阻滞率为54．3％，光谱分析法测得其对敌鼠钠盐的阻滞率在47．43％—57．00％之间。相同条件下，褐家鼠Rattus norvegicus取食敌鼠钠盐稻谷毒饵量为大米毒饵的2倍多。在南方潮湿的环境下，大米毒饵更易松散、霉变，使其适口性更低。综合考虑认为南方灭鼠使用稻谷毒饵更为合适。  相似文献   

Evaluation of PCR,IEF and ELISA techniques for the detection and identification of potato cyst nematodes from field soil samples in England and Wales     

Said K Ibrahim  Stephen T Minnis  Anthony D P Barker  Mike D Russell  Patrick P J Haydock  Kenneth Evans  Ivan G Grove  Simon R Woods  Andrew Wilcox 《Pest management science》2001,57(11):1068-1074

Effective management of potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) requires simple, rapid and accurate identification and quantification of field populations. Soil samples from a survey of 484 fields in potato rotations in England and Wales were used to compare the identification and quantification of PCNs using IEF, PCR, ELISA and bait plant tests. The cyst counts and bait plant test revealed that 64.3% of field samples contained PCNs. Bait plant tests increased the detection rate of PCNs in field samples by 4–6.4%. This means that some infestations are cryptic and would not normally be detected by standard counts. IEF, PCR and ELISA methods distinguished between Globodera rostochiensis and G pallida and were able to register mixed populations; however they were not in full agreement. All methods suggested that G pallida is the dominant species in the field samples tested. The PCR results indicated that 66% of field samples contained pure G pallida, 8% contained pure G rostochiensis and 26% contained mixtures of the two species. Estimates of the relative process times taken per sample in the PCR, IEF and ELISA techniques are given. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Effect of diphacinone on blood coagulation in Spermophilus beecheyi as a basis for determining optimal timing of field bait applications     

Whisson DA  Salmon TP 《Pest management science》2002,58(7):736-738

The effect was determined of a single dose of 2 mg kg-1 diphacinone on three blood-clotting parameters [Prothrombin Time (PT), Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT), and Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonists (PIVKA)] over a 120-h period in California ground squirrels, Spermophilus beecheyi. Diphacinone resulted in elevated PT, PTT and PIVKA within 24 h of squirrels receiving the dose. The most significant change was observed 72 h after dosing. As time following diphacinone dosing increased, there was higher individual variation in blood-clotting time. We suggest that increasing the interval between field bait applications should still result in squirrel mortality but reduce the potential for secondary hazards that may occur when squirrels have the opportunity to consume more than one lethal dose of diphacinone.  相似文献   

应用硫氟磺酰胺毒饵防治红火蚁   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

罗礼智  覃贵亮  王漫波  彭启德  刘华荣 《植物保护》2006,32(1):22-27

应用硫氟磺酰胺毒饵在广西陆川防治25hm^2红火蚁的结果表明，施药后3d蚁巢内即有红火蚁个体死亡。施药后7、14、21d的防治效果分别可达81．5%,93．9％和100%；施药后余下的顽固蚁巢和7d后出现的新蚁巢经再度施药后14d全部死亡；从5月23日到11月25日蚁群全部死亡的5欢监测、调查，既诱捕不到工蚁，也没有发现新蚁巢。因此，硫氟磺酰胺毒饵不仅具有高效、快速、安全、使用方便等特点，而且硫氟磺酰胺的应用完全可以取代目前国外普遍使用的二步施药法中的灌巢法。  相似文献   

PRSV NIa-pro、NIa-vpg、NIb酵母双杂交诱饵表达载体的构建及自激活检测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王明钦  沈文涛  周鹏 《热带作物学报》2008,29(3):369-373

用PCR技术获得NIa-pro、NIa-vpg、NIb基因片段,将这些基因分别克隆到pBD-GAL4载体中,构建酵母双杂交系统的诱饵载体pBD-GAL4-NIa-pro、pBD-GAL4-NIa-vpg和pBD-GAL4-NIb.测序正确后,将重组质粒导入YRG-2酵母菌株,检测其表达产物对酵母细胞有无毒性及对报告基因有无激活作用.结果表明,获得了正确的NIa-pro、NIa-vpg、NIb基因片段,并成功克隆到pBD-GAL4诱饵载体中,且转化有诱饵载体的YRG-2在SD/-Trp营养缺陷平板上生长良好,说明表达产物对酵母细胞无毒性,对报告基因也无自激活作用,为下一步利用酵母双杂交系统检测与NIa-pro、NIa-vpg、NIb蛋白相互作用的蛋白奠定基础.  相似文献   

用于筛选植物PGIP的酵母双杂交PGase诱饵载体     

张党权  谭晓风 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,26(4):5-8

对真菌抗性较强的植物能利用自身的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白(po lyga lacturonase-inh ib iting prote in,PG IP)来抑制真菌分泌的、降解植物细胞壁的主要物质——多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(po lyga lacturonase,PG ase)的活性.目前,快速、有效的获取植物PG IP的方法是通过酵母双杂交技术来进行的,而这首先要获得真菌PG ase的酵母诱饵载体.以真菌——互格链格孢PG ase的cDNA的为基础,将其克隆到M ATCHM AKER L exA Tw o-Hybrid System的诱饵载体中,并将诱饵载体(pL exA-PG ase)成功转化酵母菌株EGY 478[p8op-lacZ],经检测无自激活作用,可直接用于快速、大量地筛选植物PG IP.  相似文献   

进口牙鲆工厂化养殖及鱼病防治试验     

孙绪文 《齐鲁渔业》1996,13(6):15-16

１９９４年６月中旬从韩国出口７～１３ｇ／尾牙鲆苗８万尾，利用室内循环水锅炉升温进行工厂化养殖９个月，平均体重５００ｇ以上，达到商品规格，养殖过程中，试验了放养密度，投饵，水质管理及腹水病，纤毛虫病的防治技术。  相似文献   

不同毒力传染性法氏囊病病毒衣壳蛋白酵母双杂交诱饵载体的构建及鉴定简     

陈玉明  张礼洲  任宪刚  高立  秦立廷  高玉龙  王永强  高宏雷  王笑梅  祁小乐 《中国畜牧兽医》2014,41(1):30-34

传染性法氏囊病病毒（infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV）毒株Gx（超强毒株）、F9（中等毒力毒株）、Gt（弱毒株）遗传背景高度相似,但生物学性状差异显著。为研究不同毒力毒株与宿主细胞相互作用的分子细节,本研究将IBDV Gx、F9、Gt毒株的衣壳蛋白VP2基因克隆入pGBKT7载体,分别构建了诱饵载体pGBGxVP2、pGBF9VP2和pGBGtVP2。经Matchmaker Gold Yeast Two-hybrid System验证,结果显示所构建的3个诱饵载体均无自激活作用,对酵母细胞无毒性作用。本研究为利用酵母双杂交系统深入研究IBDV与宿主相互作用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

活饵料培育大口鲶大规格鱼种的试验     

赖凯昭 《广西农业科学》2006,37(5):592-593

先在池塘中培育麦瑞加拉鲮(简称麦鲮)鱼苗,待规格达到1.3~2cm时,放入规格为5cm的大口鲶鱼种,经过35d培育,大口鲶全长达到12~16.5cm,成活率为86.6%。试验结果表明,利用麦鲮鱼苗作为活饵料,是培育大口鲶鱼种的一种较好的方法。  相似文献