Decreased transport of orally administered protein into the blood circulation of developing juveniles of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica     

Osamu Nakamura  Yuzuru Suzuki  Katsumi Aida  Hajime Hatta 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(5):863-869

ABSTRACT: To clarify the quantitative changes in the transport of orally intubated protein into the blood circulation as macromolecules in development, immunoglobulin Y (IgY) extracted from chicken eggs was administered orally to juvenile Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica . For the first experiment, which was performed before the commencement of artificial feeding, the oral delivery of 2.0 μg/0.1 g bodyweight of IgY resulted in a rapid increase in plasma IgY to a maximum of 2.30 μg/mL. However, the transport of IgY into the blood decreased significantly in the experiments that followed, which were performed after 12, 25 and 42 days. During this period, bodyweight increased approximately by a factor of eight, and rapid growth of the stomach was observed histologically. Possible contributions for the development of the alimentary canal to the diminishment of intestinal protein assimilation are discussed.  相似文献   

硝酸银在水稻农杆菌转化中的作用     

王亚琴  梁承邺 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,31(2)

以籼稻、粳稻两种类型的成熟种子为外植体研究了不同浓度的AgNO3在水稻农杆菌转化中的作用。结果表明，在农杆菌转化前添加AgNO3可以提高愈伤组织诱导率，最适浓度为8～10mg／L，但对愈伤组织的分化没有明显促进作用；转化后添加低浓度的AgNO3可以减轻愈伤组织的褐化，提高抗性愈伤率和绿苗分化率，最适浓度为2-8mg／L。同时发现，无论是转化前还是转化后，添加高浓度的AgNO3对水稻愈伤组织的分化均具有毒害作用。  相似文献   

Patterns of silver eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) sex ratio in a catchment     

P. Laffaille  A. Acou  J. Guillouët  B. Mounaix  A. Legault 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2006,15(4):583-588

Abstract –  Changes in the numbers and size-class structure of European silver eels, Anguilla anguilla , in the River Frémur (France) were examined over a 9-year period after installation of downstream eel passes. The number of silver eels migrating downstream peaked in 1999, then decreased strongly and steadily after 2000, reaching relatively low levels. At the same time, a gradual shift in the silver eel sex ratio from a dominance of males (size from 270 to 442 mm, age from 3 to 6 years) to females (size from 366 to 1112 mm, age from 4 to 9 years) was recorded. Possible explanations for the escapement patterns observed are environmental sex determination and the installation of eel passes on the main hydraulic engineering structures in 1992 and 1996.  相似文献   

Detection of Colletotrichum coccodes and Helminthosporium solani in soils by bioassay   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. F. Carnegie †  J. W. Choiseul  A. M. I. Roberts 《Plant pathology》2003,52(1):13-21

The sensitivity of a bioassay in detecting soil inoculum of Colletotrichum coccodes and Helminthosporium solani was examined using potato minitubers and microplants. Tests were conducted on soils which were collected from fields in which the interval after a previous potato crop differed, and which were also artificially infested with conidia or microsclerotia. For C. coccodes , determining plant infection based on the occurrence of infected roots after 9–12 weeks was a sensitive method for detecting and quantifying the amount of inoculum in soil. Infestations of less than 0·4 microsclerotia per g soil were detected in artificially infested soils. A semiselective medium, developed for isolating C. gloeosporioides from pepper, detected soil infestations by C. coccodes as low as nine conidia or one microsclerotium per g soil in artificially infested soil. For H. solani , infection on minitubers was a sensitive measure, with soil inoculum of fewer than 10 conidia per g soil being detected. Soil infestation could be quantified by assessing the percentage surface area of minitubers covered by sporulating lesions, which was strongly related to the amount of soil infestation. The results of these bioassay tests were compared with published results for real-time quantitative PCR assays on the same soils. The two methods were in good agreement in artificially infested soils, but the bioassay appeared to be more sensitive with naturally infested soils.  相似文献   

黄鳝排尿器官的解剖学研究     

曾增  刘希彬  吴峻岩  李琦  谢从新  杨春 《华中农业大学学报》2002,21(1):72-76

应用铸型技术等方法研究了黄鳝排尿器官的解剖学结构。结果见到,黄鳝2条中肾管在中肾末端与所谓退化性腺（亦即膀胱）相连,并与该“退化性腺”之间存在着明显的通道关系,而“退化性腺”直接通于尿孔。此外,组织学的研究也支持了解剖学结果,并证实中肾管在“退化性腺”中存在着2种开口类型;单口型和双口型。研究结果为作者先前提出的有关黄鳝“退化性腺”是膀胱的结论提供了直接的形态学证据。  相似文献   

Effects of silvering state on induced maturation and spawning in wild female Japanese eel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anguilla japonica</Emphasis>     

Akihiro Okamura  Yoshiaki Yamada  Noriyuki Horie  Tomoko Utoh  Naomi Mikawa  Satoru Tanaka  Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(3):642-648

ABSTRACT:   The effects of silvering state of wild female Japanese eels Anguilla japonica on the success of induced maturation and the following spawning were examined. Thirty-eight females, collected in Mikawa Bay, were divided into four stages based on their silvering state: yellow (Y1), late-yellow (Y2), silver (S1) and late silver eels (S2). Despite injections of salmon pituitary extract (SPE) through the standard technique, Y1 and Y2 eels did not respond to the treatment with undeveloped gonad (gonad-somatic index [GSI]: 0.3–0.9), and all these females died by 5 weeks, probably due to an abnormal physiological condition. Most S1 (81%) and S2 eels (100%) matured completely (GSI: 17.8–51.4), and finally spawned successfully (69% for S1, 89% for S2). S2 eels fully matured with oocytes of over 750 μm in diameter by significantly smaller number of injections of SPE (5–6 times) than the case of S1 eels (6–8 times). The amount of eggs released by S2 eels (0.65 ± 0.11 g/fish per body weight [BW]) was significantly larger than those by S1 eels (0.54 ± 0.09 g/fish per BW). There was no difference in fertilization and hatching rates between eggs released by S1 eels and those of S2 eels. These results indicate that the success of induced maturation and spawning in wild female Japanese eels depends on their silvering state, and matured eggs can be obtained efficiently through the use of S2 eels rather than other stages.  相似文献   

Application of ELISA-based kit for detecting AOZ and determining its clearance in eel tissues     

Laddawan Krongpong  Kunihiko Futami  Takayuki Katagiri  Makoto Endo  Masashi Maita 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1055-1061

Furazolidone, an antibacterial drug that was once widely used in the livestock industry and aquaculture, is now prohibited in numerous countries. It is difficult to detect residual furazolidone because it is readily metabolized in animal tissues but, by using and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, its metabolite, 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ) can be detected. Here we describe the validity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit to detect AOZ in Japanese eel Anguilla japonica tissue. ELISA is capable of detecting AOZ at 1.0 μg/kg in an eel sample with excellent accuracy and precision. Our results show that ELISA is suitable for regulatory purposes and for studying the fate of AOZ residues in eel treated with furazolidone. To measure the persistence of AOZ in eel tissues, eels (1.4–6.5g) were immersed in tanks containing 2 and 10 mg furazolidone/L for 3 h, and then maintained in a tank supplying well water for the next 160 days. The half-lives of AOZ, calculated from the linear terminal part of the excretion curve, were 25.0 days in muscle and 21.6 days in liver from fish exposed to 2 mg/L furazolidone. In the eels treated with 10 mg/L furazolidone, by contrast, high levels of AOZ were detected in liver and muscle, but the half-lives of AOZ were similar to those in fish treated with 2 mg/L furazolidone. The half-lives of AOZ in eel tissues were prolonged by the condition of low water temperature.  相似文献   

盐胁迫对向日葵幼苗生长及生理特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

凌云鹤  周瑶  景兵  李春莲  肖恩时  王中华 《干旱地区农业研究》2019,37(4):139-145

以银叶向日葵ARG1807（Wt）为供试材料,陕葵2号的保持系（HA）和恢复系（HL）为对照材料,利用250 mmol·L^-1 NaCl溶液进行盐胁迫处理7 d,分析供试材料与对照材料盐胁迫前后的形态变化以及叶片中的叶绿素、脯氨酸、丙二醛含量及SOD活性等生理指标差异,探究银叶向日葵耐盐的形态和生理基础。结果表明：（1）Wt的株高、叶面积增量以及根、茎、叶生物量分别比未进行NaCl胁迫处理植株（对照,CK）减少24.53%、38.21%、2.59%、5.50%、3.42%,其变化幅度小于HA和HL。(2) 在盐胁迫处理下,各向日葵品种的胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）均显著下降,而气孔限制值（Ls）显著上升,说明HA、HL与Wt净光合速率降低主要是由于气孔因素。（3）在盐胁迫下,3个向日葵品种叶片的脯氨酸含量（Pro）、丙二醛含量（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化物酶（POD）活性以及过氧化氢酶活性（CAT）均发生了显著变化,其中,Wt的脯氨酸含量、SOD活性、POD活性以及CAT活性分别比CK增加279.94%、65.09%、211.11%和55.91%,高于HA 和HL,而MDA含量比CK增加231.10%,低于HA。（4）随着时间的推移,3个向日葵品种叶片失水速率均显著上升,其中,Wt的失水速率一直低于HA、HL。在失水150 min时,HA失水速率最高,达84%,Wt叶片失水最慢,失水速率为69%,说明Wt在保水能力方面具有显著优势。（5）观察向日葵叶片表型发现：Wt的叶片表皮毛长度长,密度明显多于HA和HL,推测这可能是Wt保水性强于HA和HL的原因。分析表明：在盐逆境下,形态指标和生理指标,均为银叶向日葵表现最佳,优势突出,表明其在盐逆境下具有更强的适应能力。  相似文献   

小鼠单个冷冻胚胎银染mRNA差异显示方法的建立   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  

李拥军  敖红  孙桂金  赵有璋 《甘肃农业大学学报》2005,40(4):432-436

为建立单个冷冻胚胎银染mRNA差异显示方法,用小鼠单个4C鲜胚和冻胚RT—PCR产物,验证了冻胚和鲜胚实验结果的一致性。并从小鼠4C和8C冻胚的银染聚丙烯酰胺凝胶中回收了8C期的特异条带,通过再扩增、同收、克隆及酶切鉴定,克隆到了小鼠8C期胚胎差异表达的小鼠RP23—20A6基因。结果表明,所研究建立的单个冻胚银染mRNA差异显示方法具有可行性和有效性,可以用于动物早期胚胎基因表达的研究。  相似文献   

二十碳五烯酸甲酯标准样品的研制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

荣会  胡秀丽  牟峻  刘丽 《吉林农业大学学报》2006,28(1):103-107

以深海鱼油为基础原料,将其皂化水解为游离脂肪酸,经尿素—甲醇包合粗分离后,以硫酸—甲醇甲酯化,再经硝酸银—硅胶柱层析精分离,得到高纯度的二十碳五烯酸甲酯标准物质。经定值检测,确定其化合物纯度≥98%。  相似文献