Replacement of fish oil in plant‐based diets for Pacific white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei,by stearine fish oil and palm oil     

Fabio Soller  Luke A. Roy  D. Allen Davis 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2019,50(1):186-203

Stearine fish oil (SFO) and palm oil (PO) have emerged as promising alternatives for the replacement of fish oil (FO) in aquafeeds. This study evaluated the replacement of FO with alternative oils in practical diets for Litopenaeus vannamei. In a clear brackish water study (14.1 g/L) utilizing shrimp (0.29 ± 0.02 g, initial weight), FO was replaced by SFO at inclusion ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 (FO:SFO) and PO as 90% of FO. After 55 days, no significant differences (p < 0.05) in final weight, growth, or survival of shrimp were observed. A second trial (8 weeks) in low‐salinity water (2.1 g/L) with shrimp (0.92 ± 0.02 g, initial weight) evaluated diets with 100% FO, 100% SFO, 90% PO, 90% soybean oil (SO), or 90% flaxseed oil (FXO) as a replacement for FO and four commercially produced diets with 2% of FO, SO, PO, or FXO. One treatment received half rations of the commercial FO diet, and one treatment was based entirely on natural productivity. Results show that the fatty acid profiles of the tail muscle conformed to the lipids of the feed, and highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) were preserved. Following 8 weeks of culture, there were no significant differences in production performance.  相似文献   

南美白对虾池塘养殖水质智能控制系统设计与开发     

张红燕  袁永明  马晓飞  沈楠楠  施珮 《中国农学通报》2020,36(11):130-135

南美白对虾池塘养殖对于水体质量有着较为严苛的要求,残饵及生物排泄物的增多会大量消耗水体溶解氧,进而打破水体动态平衡,导致NH₃-N、NO₂-N等毒害成分升高,引起南美白对虾病害甚至导致死亡,造成养殖户经济损失并且阻碍了南美白对虾养殖产业的健康发展。针对上述问题,笔者研究并开发一种能够实时监测养殖池塘水质,并能根据南美白对虾生长习性智能控制增氧机、水泵等养殖设备的南美白对虾池塘养殖水质智能控制系统。系统具有控制智能、运行可靠、集成度高等特点,在养殖生产试验中取得了良好效果,保证了南美白对虾养殖过程的安全,有效降低了南美白对虾池塘养殖风险。  相似文献   

Use of Porcine Meal in Plant‐based Practical Diets for Pacific White Shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei          下载免费PDF全文

Xuan Qiu  D. Allen Davis 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2018,49(3):582-589

Two growth trials were conducted to evaluate and confirm the efficacy of a porcine meal (PM) with high protein content (>90%) as an alternative feed ingredient in commercial‐type feed formulation for Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Six experimental diets were formulated for the two growth trials. The first five diets contained increasing levels (0, 1, 2, 4, and 6%) of PM as a replacement for soybean meal in a plant‐based diet with low inclusion level (6%) of fish meal (FM). The last experimental diet was produced utilizing 4.2% PM to completely replace FM. In Trial 1, shrimp (1.5 g initial mean weight, 20 shrimp/tank, n = 4) were offered test diets for 6 wk in a semirecirculation system. At the end of Trial 1, shrimp fed with the diet containing 6% PM exhibited significantly enhanced weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival compared to those fed with the diet devoid of FM. As survival was poor across all treatments and different densities could mask growth results the trial was repeated. In Trial 2, shrimp (0.85 g, 15 shrimp/tank, n = 4) were offered diets for 6 wk. Dietary supplementation of PM at 6% significantly improved WG, FCR, and apparent net protein retention in contrast with the treatment devoid of FM, confirming the same trends in Trial 1. No significant difference was detected in protein, lipid, moisture, and mineral profiles of whole‐body shrimp as well as survival across all the treatments. Results of this study indicate that PM is a good high protein source in shrimp feeds, which can be included up to 6% in the low FM‐based diet without compromising the growth of shrimp.  相似文献   

凡纳对虾小触角表面结构的显微观察   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

曾嶒  戴立贤  刘永红  李红  李琦  王珺 《华中农业大学学报》2002,21(4):371-378

应用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了凡纳对虾小触角的表面结构。结果发现：小触角上广泛着生着700根以上的羽状刚毛；外鞭片状隆起腹面平均约具280根无顶孔但有细分支的化感刚毛，这类有分支的化感刚毛在其它十足目种类上未见有报道，而且其刚毛数也较其它种类少；内侧附肢前端与柄节上直立的羽状刚毛毛簇顶相接触，推测该结构可能对相邻的复眼具某种作用。  相似文献   

Histopathology of Hematopoietic Tissue in Channel Catfish,Ictalurus punctatus,with Anemia     

《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(1-2):101-108

Outbreaks of anemia (CCA) in channel catfish, Ictalurirs punctatus, in Mississippi occur predominantly during spring and fall. Between October, 1990 and May, 1991, twenty-seven cases of CCA were submitted to the Mississippi Cooperative Extension Service-College of Veterinary Medicine Fish Diagnostic Laboratories. Histologic lesions were identified in the head and trunk kidneys of all affected fish. The head kidney contained less than 25% immature hematopoietic tissue in 3 of 22 cases (14%). 25-50% immature hematopoietic tissue in 7 of 22 cases (32%), and greater than 50% immature hematopoietic tissue in 12 of 22 cases (54%). The trunk kidney contained less than 25% immature hematopoietic tissue in 5 of 27 cases (18%), 25-50% immature hematopoietic tissue in 15 of 27 cases (56%), and greater than 50% immature hematopoietic tissue in 7 of 27 cases (26%). The histopathologic findings noted in cases of CCA from Mississippi affect primarily the hematopietic tissues of the head and trunk kidneys.  相似文献   

保幼激素拮抗物KK-42对南美白对虾Y-器官发育的影响     

魏振  宁黔冀 《东北农业大学学报》2012,43(6):126-129

采用1.95×10-4mol.L-1的KK-42溶液浸润处理南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)幼虾(体长为4.2~5.0cm),从组织细胞学水平对分泌蜕皮激素的Y-器官结构进行初步研究,观察KK-42处理后幼虾Y-器官的形态结构变化。结果表明,伴随动物的生长,Y-器官腺细胞条索变粗,腺细胞核增大。KK-42处理后腺细胞核的结构、大小未见显著变化,腺细胞索的宽度明显高于同一时期对照组。  相似文献   

饲料中维生素A水平对凡纳滨对虾生长、饲料利用、体组成成分及非特异性免疫反应的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨奇慧  周歧存  迟淑艳  董晓慧 《动物营养学报》2007,19(6):698-705

本文旨在研究5种等氮等能饲料中,维生素A添加水平对凡纳滨对虾(Penaeus vannameiBoone)生长、饲料利用、体组成成分及非特异性免疫反应的影响。试验选用平均初始体重为(0.069±0.005)g的凡纳滨对虾450尾,随机分为5个处理组,每组90尾,每组设3个重复,每个重复30尾。试验采用单因素设计,以维生素A醋酸酯为维生素A源,用添加不同水平维生素A(添加量分别为0、18、365、4和72 mg/kg)的饲料喂养凡纳滨对虾,试验期11周。结果表明:在养殖前4周,饲料中添加维生素A显著促进凡纳滨对虾的生长(P<0.05),提高其对饲料利用效率(P<0.05),而对对虾的成活率不产生显著的影响(P>0.05);第11周的结果表明,饲料中添加维生素A并不能显著影响凡纳滨对虾的生长、饲料利用效率和成活率(P>0.05)。维生素A对对虾体脂肪、蛋白质含量的影响显著(P<0.05),对对虾体水分和灰分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。维生素A对对虾血清中溶菌酶活力、酚氧化酶活力和血液红细胞数量的影响显著(P<0.05),饲料中未添加维生素A或过量添加(超过36 mg/kg)均导致血清中溶菌酶活力、酚氧化酶活力和血细胞总数显著下降(P<0.0 5),而对血清超氧化物歧化酶活力无显著影响(P>0.0 5)。用折线回归模型分析饲料维生素A添加量与对虾增重率的变化关系,表明在试验前4周,凡纳滨对虾饲料中维生素A的适宜添加量为2 2.5 0 mg/kg;1 1周试验期间,凡纳滨对虾饲料中维生素A适宜添加量为1 8 mg/kg;以溶菌酶、酚氧化酶活力为指标,凡纳滨对虾饲料中维生素A最适添加量为5 9.5 1 mg/kg。  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾6个养殖群体遗传多样性的比较分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

颉晓勇  苏天凤  陈文  张志  颜远义  江世贵 《南方水产》2008,4(6):42-49

中国多批次引进凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei并结合生产开展了相对独立的育苗工作，但对引进群体及引进后留种形成的本地群体的遗传变异水平缺乏了解，不利于种质管理及利用。此研究采用AFLP技术对抽查的6个养殖群体进行分析，发现进口群体具有相对较高的遗传多样性水平；养殖性能较好的东方、海星和旭明群体遗传多样性水平与进口群体相近；而乾塘群体遗传变异水平最高，推测可能是与其种质混杂有关；广益群体遗传多样性水平最低，可能已出现近交衰退。通过对各个群体间的遗传距离进行分析，为下一步根据亲缘关系的远近开展群体问杂交育种提供技术依据。  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾血蓝蛋白酚氧化酶活性的研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

严芳  章跃陵  罗活强  胡忠  黄通旺  叶向群 《水产科学》2008,27(1):5-8

试验结果表明,凡纳滨对虾血蓝蛋白在胰蛋白酶诱导下可表现出一定的酚氧化酶活性,与对照组相比,其酚氧化酶活力单位显著上升。同时,其活性可被D-半乳糖、α-葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、甘露醇和N-乙酰神经氨酸不同程度地抑制,其抑制率分别为67%、100%、33%、33%、67%和100%。血蓝蛋白与胰蛋白酶孵育后经SDS-PAGE分析和L-Dopa显色,其75 kDa单体呈明显的棕褐色,添加抑制剂N-乙酰神经氨酸之后,其显色强度显著减弱。由此进一步证实凡纳滨对虾血蓝蛋白在胰蛋白酶诱导下确实具有酚氧化酶活性,其活性可被不同的糖所抑制,其发挥活性的单体为75 kDa单体。  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾α-淀粉酶基因的SNPs检测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

彭敏  陈晓汉  曾地刚  马宁  李咏梅 《水产科学》2008,27(7)

利用PCR产物直接测序法,对凡纳滨对虾SPR和SPF 2个品种共40个样本的α-淀粉酶基因(GenBank序列号:AJ133526)的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)进行了研究。找到9个SNPs,分别为:C127T、A138G、T951C、T1083C、C1457T、A2147C、A2226G、A2297G和T2306C。其中1个SNP是第4外显子中的错义突变,2个SNPs分别是第5和第7外显子中的同义突变,6个SNPs是内含子中的突变。这些结果可为凡纳滨对虾的研究提供遗传学依据。  相似文献