Equine guttural pouch empyema,why does it become chronic?          下载免费PDF全文

P. M. Dixon  O. A. James 《Equine Veterinary Education》2018,30(2):80-84

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SILVER IMPREGNATION IN SITU     

Jack  Boyd  PhD  BVMS  Norman W.  Rantanen  DVM  MS† 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1984,25(5):220-226

In evaluating radiographs of the limb joints and head, students encounter difficulty where superimposition occurs. By replacing calcium with silver salts in the bone, enhanced radiopacity can be produced. In this study, silver impregnation was used to increase the radiopacity of individual carpal and tarsal bones, selected bones of the skull and the sinuses, and guttural pouch of the horse. This provides an interpretation aid for teaching radiographic anatomy of these regions.  相似文献   

Respiratory Disease: Diagnostic Approaches in the Horse     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2015,31(2):307-336

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Classification of differentiating oocytes during ovarian cycle in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii de man     

Prasert Meeratana  Prasert Sobhon 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,270(1-4):249-258

Based on the light microscopic observations of cells' sizes, chromatin patterns, amount of lipid droplets and yolk granules, the female germ cells could be classified into four different phases, which include 1) oogonia (Oog), 2) primary oocytes (pOc), 3) secondary oocytes (sOc), and 4) mature oocyte (mOc). Oog are small oval-shaped cells with irregular-shaped nuclei sizing 4–6 μm in diameter. They rest on the connective tissue germinal cord at the tip of each ovarian pouch (lobule). Oogonia increase their number through mitotic division, and the daughter cells move into ovarian pouch where they undergo first meiotic division to become primary oocytes, which have various steps of 1st meiotic prophase accumulating at the innermost zone of the ovarian pouch. The primary oocytes are small oval-shaped cells (8.5–10 μm in diameter) with large nuclei containing chromatin in various states of condensation that finally transform into chromatids. Their nuclei are surrounded by thin rim of faint blue-stained cytoplasm. The secondary oocytes derived from 2nd meiosis and comprise five steps: Oc1 and Oc2, classified as previtellogenic oocytes, Oc3 and Oc4, classified as vitellogenic oocytes, and mature oocyte (mOc) The zones of ovarian pouch are defined based on the accumulation of various steps of developing oocytes, namely, oogenic, previtellogenic, vitellogenic and mature zones, respectively. The ovarian cycle is divided into five stages based on the number and types of oocytes present in each stage. Stage 0 and I are spawn and spent stages. Stage II and III are proliferative and premature stages, while stage IV is mature stage. During ovarian stage I, each ovarian pouch contains primarily oogonia, primary oocytes, Oc1 and a few Oc2. In stage II, the pouch contains mainly Oc2 and Oc3, while in stage III the predominant cells are Oc4. Mature oocytes appear synchronously, in stage IV. The ovulating mature oocytes pass through the thin disrupted wall of ovarian pouch into subcapsular space, that leads into the oviduct situated on the ventro-lateral side of the ovarian lobe. At spawning, the ovarian pouches break down and only connective sheaths and hemolymph sinuses remain. The germinal cords and islets of oogonia remain in the central area of stage 0 ovary. The ovarian capsule, including the muscular layer, becomes attenuated as the ovary progresses from stage 0 to IV. The hemolymph vessels become highly convoluted in the central area of the ovary, and they branch radially into smaller hemolymph sinuses around each oogenic pouch.  相似文献   

Fungal isolation and identification in 21 cases of guttural pouch mycosis in horses (1998-2002)     

Ludwig A  Gatineau S  Reynaud MC  Cadoré JL  Bourdoiseau G 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,169(3):155-461

This aetiological study of guttural pouch mycosis (GPM) in the horse was based on the retrospective study of 21 horses brought into the National Veterinary School of Lyon (France) between 1998 and 2002. Biopsies were taken from the lesions caused by GPM during endoscopic examination. In 87% of the cases, direct examination gave positive results, whereas 43% of the cultures were found to be negative. The main fungi observed were Aspergillus fumigatus (in three cases), A. versicolor (in two cases, together with other fungi), and A. nidulans and A. niger (one case each). In six cases, the Aspergillus species could not be identified. In two cases, cleistothecia and/or Hulle cells were observed. In three cases, fungi other than Aspergillus were seen, mixed or not with Aspergillus. These results underline the importance of Aspergillus fumigatus in the development of GPM in horses.  相似文献   

卤鸭肝肫软罐头的研制   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

尹郁荪  刘晓华  董闽鲜  赖卫华  吾豪华  郭剑  熊勇华 《中国家禽》2004,26(1):13-14

本产品以鸭肝肫为原料，经卤制、切片、灭菌等加工工艺制成鸭肝肫软罐头，该产品开袋即食，营养丰富，风味独特。  相似文献   

Selection of Rice Lines Using SPGP Seedling Method for Direct Seeding     

《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):280-285

Abstract

Lodging is a major cause of yield loss in the rice production systems using direct seeding. In this study, several characteristics of 80 F₄ breeding lines and 10 check cultivars were examined in connection with lodging resistance to establish a technique suitable for screening a large number of lines efficiently for breeding rice for direct seeding. Experiments were conducted over a 2-year period in puddled wet-fields and in seed pack growth pouches (SPGP). Among the root parameters of SPGP seedlings, only root thickness had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.495**) with pushing resistance, which is the force to bend rice culm to a designated angle and is correlated with lodging resistance. The root thickness of SPGP seedlings was also positively correlated with root thickness in the field at 18 (r = 0.346**) and 30 (r = 0.512**) days after seeding. For selected lines and check cultivars, positive correlations were found between pushing resistance and culm thickness in the field (r = 0.809**), between pushing resistance and root thickness in SPGP (r = 0.694**). Culm length and panicle number were negatively correlated with pushing resistance (r=–0.454**, r=–0.563**, respectively). Among the characteristics related to lodging, root and culm thickness were higher in selected breeding lines than in check cultivars. Grain yield was positively correlated with panicle weight (r = 0.601**) and harvest index (r = 0.586**) but not with panicle number (r=–0.007ns). Thus the low-tillering, panicle-weight type plants with thick roots and culms seem to be suitable for direct seeding. Some promising lines and candidate parental lines for the next crossing cycle for direct seeding were identified.  相似文献   

Genetics of Equine Respiratory Disease     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2020,36(2):243-253

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A surgical approach to the lateral compartment of the equine guttural pouch in the standing horse: modification of the forgotten "Garm technique"     

Muñoz JA  Stephen J  Baptiste KE  Lepage OM 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,177(2):260-265

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and complications following lavage and drainage of the lateral compartment (LC) of the equine guttural pouch (GP) using a modified Garm's technique (MGT). In an ex vivo study (study 1), six cadaver heads were examined to assess the anatomical limits of the surgical approach and whether vital structures might be damaged. This was followed by an in vivo study (study 2) in which a lavage/drainage tube was placed for 3 days into each LC of four standing horses using the MGT. In both studies, the procedure offered direct access into the LC and indirect access into the medial compartments of the GP. In study 1, the MGT provided a rostroventral point of access allowing drainage of the LC, with no obvious iatrogenic damage. In study 2, the MGT permitted lavage of the entire GP in three healthy horses and one horse with mild GP empyema. The only major complication was development of emphysema of the lateral wall of one LC, with secondary collapse of the mucous membrane. The time for secondary wound healing was 12-14 days. The MGT can be performed safely in standing horses and may be of value in providing access for lavage and drainage in horses with mild GP empyema.  相似文献   

Guttural pouch mycosis in horses: An intriguing and mysterious disease     

J.-L. Cadoré  A. Tortereau  S. Belluco  É. Segard  C. Leroux 《Equine Veterinary Education》2019,31(2):75-79

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