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为研究近年来新疆地区牛源大肠杆菌中质粒介导喹诺酮类药物耐药基因的分布及其对喹诺酮类抗生素的耐药情况,本研究于2016-2018年从新疆石河子、沙湾、奎屯、玛纳斯和伊犁5个地区12个规模化奶牛场分离出116株牛源大肠杆菌,药敏试验检测其耐药性,同时利用PCR扩增PMQR耐药基因。药敏试验结果显示,62.93%的菌株对氨苄西林耐药,耐药率最高。对链霉素、四环素、卡那霉素和恩诺沙星的耐药率依次为56.90%、54.31%、43.10%和42.24%。对头孢他啶和头孢噻肟的耐药率较低,分别为7.76%和11.21%。分离菌主要携带qnrA、qnrS和aac（6'）-Ⅰb-cr 3种耐药基因;116株大肠杆菌中有31株携带PMQR的耐药基因,检出阳性率为26.72%,其中26株仅携带1种PMQR耐药基因,占所有菌株的22.41%,4株携带2种PMQR耐药基因,占所有菌株的3.45%,1株携带3种PMQR耐药基因,占所有菌株的0.86%。综上所述,新疆地区牛源大肠杆菌质粒介导喹诺酮类药物基因主要为qnrA、qnrS和aac（6'）-Ⅰb-cr 3种,且对恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星均产生不同程度的耐药性。 相似文献
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新疆多源喹诺酮类耐药大肠杆菌耐药基因检测及分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
【目的】了解新疆不同动物源喹诺酮类耐药大肠杆菌携带质粒介导的喹诺酮耐药因子（plasmid mediated quinolone resistance,PMQR）的流行现状,及其与主要的β-内酰胺酶基因和 16S rRNA 甲基化酶基因的共存情况。【方法】通过 PCR 方法对猪源（79 株）、牛源（8株）和羊源（96株）喹诺酮类（环丙沙星,诺氟沙星和恩诺沙星）耐药大肠杆菌进行 PMQR（qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA, oqxA, oqxB, aac(6’)-Ib-cr）、β-内酰胺酶基因（blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaKPC, blaCMY-2, blaLAP-1）及16S rRNA（armA, rmtB）等基因检测,对目的条带进行DNA测序,确定阳性菌株,对检出携带 β-内酰胺酶基因和16S rRNA 甲基化酶基因的大肠杆菌进行β-内酰胺类及氨基糖苷类药敏试验,分析其携带的基因型与耐药表型之间的关系。【结果】猪源大肠杆菌中检出的PMQR因子为qnrS（5/79,6.33%）,oqxA（35/79,44.30%）,oqxB（40/79,50.60%）和aac(6’)-Ib-cr（4/79,5.06%）,检出的β-内酰胺酶基因为blaTEM（79/79,100%）,检出的16S rRNA 基因为rmtB（3/79,3.80%）;牛源大肠杆菌中检出的PMQR因子为qnrS（1/8,12.50%）,oqxA（1/8,12.50%）,oqxB（1/8,12.50%）和aac(6’)-Ib-cr（1/8,12.50%）和qepA（1/8,12.50%）,检出的β-内酰胺酶基因为blaTEM（8/8,100%）和blaSHV（1/8,12.50%）;羊源大肠杆菌中检出的PMQR因子为qnrS（6/96,6.25%）,oqxA（32/96,33.3%）,oqxB（37/96,38.5%）和aac(6’)-Ib-cr（22/96,22.91%）,检出的β-内酰胺酶基因为blaTEM（96/96,100%）和blaCTX-M（2/96,2.08%）,检出的16S rRNA 基因为rmtB（2/96,2.08%）;未检出qnrA,qnrB,qnrC,qnrD,blaKPC,blaCMY-2和blaLAP-1被检基因。不同动物源大肠杆菌中存在基因共存现象,携带β-内酰胺酶基因和16S rRNA 甲基化酶基因的喹诺酮类耐药大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类和氨基糖苷类药物耐药呈一定的相关性。【结论】不同动物源喹诺酮类耐药大肠杆菌中存在PMQR因子,可与主要的 β-内酰胺酶和/或16S rRNA 甲基化酶基因共存。此外,首次在羊源大肠杆菌中检出PMQR 因子、β-内酰胺酶及16S rRNA甲基化酶基因。 相似文献
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Bo Yu Yanan Zhang Li Yang Jinge Xu Shijin Bu 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2021,88(1)
This study was carried out to investigate the resistance phenotypes and resistance genes of Escherichia coli from swine in Guizhou, China. A total of 47 E. coli strains isolated between 2013 and 2018 were tested using the Kirby–Bauer (K–B) method to verify their resistance to 19 common clinical antimicrobials. Five classes consisting of 29 resistance genes were detected using polymerase chain reaction. The status regarding extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and the relationship between ESBL CTX-M-type β-lactamase genes and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes were analysed. A total of 46 strains (97.9%) were found to be multidrug resistant. Amongst them, 27 strains (57.4%) were resistant to more than eight antimicrobials, and the maximum number of resistant antimicrobial agents was 16. Twenty antibiotic resistance genes were detected, including six β-lactamase genes blaTEM (74.5%), blaCTX-M-9G (29.8%), blaDHA (17.0%), blaCTX-M-1G (10.6%), blaSHV (8.5%), blaOXA (2.1%), five aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes aac(3′)-IV (93.6%), aadA1 (78.7%), aadA2 (76.6%), aac(3′)-II c (55.3%), aac(6′)-Ib (2.1%) and five amphenicol resistance genes floR (70.2%), cmlA (53.2%), cat2 (10.6%), cat1 (6.4%), cmlB (2.1%), three PMQR genes qnrS (55.3%), oqxA (53.2%), qepA (27.7%) and polypeptide resistance gene mcr-1 (40.4%). The detection rate of ESBL-positive strains was 80.9% (38/47) and ESBL TEM-type was the most abundant ESBLs. The percentage of the PMQR gene in blaCTX-M-positive strains was high, and the detection rate of blaCTX-M-9G was the highest in CTX-M type. It is clear that multiple drug resistant E. coli is common in healthy swine in this study. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase is very abundant in the E. coli strains isolated from swine and most of them are multiple compound genotypes. 相似文献
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2012~2013年山东省禽源大肠杆菌中质粒介导喹诺酮类药物耐药基因的检测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为研究近年来山东省禽源致病性大肠杆菌中质粒介导喹诺酮类药物耐药(plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance,PMQR)基因的基因型分布,及其对喹诺酮类抗生素的耐药性的影响,分别采用针对qnrA、qnrB、qnrC、qnrD、qnrS、oqxA、oqxB与qepA 8个耐药基因的通用引物,对93株2012~2013年分离自山东省的禽源大肠杆菌进行PCR检测,并对其进行了5种喹诺酮类药物的药敏试验。结果表明山东省禽源大肠杆菌对5种喹诺酮类抗生素均产生了较高耐药性(50.54%~86.30%);PMQR基因携带率达到60.21%(56/93),其中26.88%(25/93)的菌株携带2种PMQR基因,1.07%(1/93)的菌株携带3种PMQR基因;qnrA、qnrB、qnrC、qnrD与qepA基因未被检测到,qnrS、oqxA和oqxB基因在山东省禽源致病性大肠杆菌中分布较为广泛,其检出率依次为22.58%(21/93)、40.86%(38/93)和24.73%(23/93)。 相似文献
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广东地区鱼源大肠埃希菌ESBLs和PMQR流行分布调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从广东地区食用鱼肠道分离鉴定了218株大肠埃希菌,用琼脂稀释法测定218株大肠埃希菌对17种抗菌药物的敏感性,并用PCR方法调查ESBLs和PMQR基因的流行分布情况.对10株β-内酰胺酶(包括ESBLs)和/或PMQR阳性菌株进行了接合转移试验,探讨ESBLs和PMQR基因的传播机制.敏感性测定结果显示:218株大肠埃希菌对17种抗菌药物的耐药率为0.5%～72.5%.在112株氨苄西林耐药菌株中,检测出2种ESBLs基因,分别为blaCTX-M-79和blaCTX-M-14,2株菌中还检测到β-内酰胺酶基因blaLEN-4和blaLEN-17.在80株环丙沙星耐药菌株中,检测到59株为PMQR阳性,分别为qnrB(33株),qnrD(5株),qnrS(21株),aac(6’)-Ib-cr(6株).接合转移试验结果表明,ESBLs和/或PMQR基因可同时存在于一个质粒上进行转移. 相似文献
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食品动物源沙门氏菌质粒介导喹诺酮类耐药基因的检测与分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解食品动物源沙门氏菌质粒介导喹诺酮类耐药性(Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance,PMQR),采用微量肉汤稀释法和PCR方法,检测了316株食品动物源沙门氏菌对20种抗菌药物的敏感性,以及菌株中PMQR基因的携带率.结果显示:316株沙门氏菌对20种抗菌药物呈不同程度的耐药性,95.57％菌株为多重耐药菌;316株菌中未检出qnrA、qnrC、qnrD、qnrS和qepA基因,7.91％菌株检出qnrB基因,15.19％菌株检出aac(6 ′ )-Ib-cr基因,7.91％菌株检出oqxA基因,8.86％菌株检出oqxB基因,这是首次在沙门氏菌中发现oqxAB基因;98.11％PMQR阳性菌同时携带2种及以上的耐药基因,呈8～17耐的多重耐药性,其中以qnrB和aac(6′)-Ibcr基因型为主;53株PMQR阳性菌分属于5种不同的基因型,耐药表型或耐药基因型不同的菌株却有相同的PFGE谱型.本次检测的316株食品动物源沙门氏菌耐药较为严重;菌株主要携带qnrB、aac(6 ′ )-Ib-cr及oqxAB基因;不同来源菌株存在同一耐药克隆株的流行. 相似文献
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To investigate the aerotransmission of Escherichia coli (E.coli) carrying the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes,airborne E.coli were isolated from indoor air,upwind air and downwind air samples in five swine farms.Fecal samples from swine houses were randomly collected to isolate the E.coli.The sensitivities of the E.coli strains against 14 antibiotics were tested.The E.coli carrying the PMQR genes (qnr,aac(6')-Ib-cr,qepA) were identified by ERIC-PCR,and then the genetic fingerprints of E.coli were established to analyze its origins and spread toward the outside surroundings.The results showed that E.coli isolated from five swine farms showed high resistance against 12 antibiotics,such as gentamicin,kanamycin,tetracycline,streptomycin,nalidixic acid and sulfamethoxazole,and presented multi-drug resistant.Results of ERIC-PCR showed that 46.34% (19/41) of strains isolated from indoor air samples had the same origin with fecal-obtained strains,and 73.68% (14/19) of them shared the same PMQR genes with fecal-obtained strains.68.42% (26/38) of strains isolated from downwind air samples had the same origin with fecal-obtained or indoor air-obtained strains,and 65.38% (17/26) of them shared the same PMQR genes with fecal-obtained or indoor air-obtained strains.This indicated that E.coli carrying PMQR genes and originating from feces in swine houses could form aerosols to pollute the indoor air and then spread to the downwind air through air exchange (≥400 m),which could be a potential threaten to public environment and human health. 相似文献
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