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An unusual case of feline acute corneal hydrops: atypical disease presentation and possible in vivo detection of Descemet's membrane detachment in the cat's unaffected eye 
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下载免费PDF全文 A 1‐year‐old, female spayed, domestic shorthair cat presented for blepharospasm of the right eye. Slit‐lamp biomicroscopic examination showed focal corneal ulceration and presumptive keratomalacia of the right eye. Examination of the left eye was normal apart from a focal endothelial opacity. Within the first 24 h of medical management, the right eye developed marked corneal edema and globular anterior protrusion of the corneal surface consistent with feline acute corneal hydrops (FACH). Surgical management consisted of a bridge conjunctival graft, nictitating membrane flap, and temporary tarsorrhaphy. Resolution of corneal edema and pain occurred in the right eye within 24 days. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) of the anterior segment was performed in both eyes. Conjunctival tissue from the bridge graft precluded examination of deeper corneal structures in the right eye. The left eye displayed a focal separation of the corneal endothelium and Descemet's membrane from the overlying stroma. These SD‐OCT findings are similar to the analogous syndrome found in humans and represent a potential etiology for FACH of the right eye in the case presented here. Unfortunately, the cat was lost to follow‐up and the progression of this lesion to FACH in the left eye could not be determined. 相似文献
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A 5‐year‐old Thoroughbred mare presented with an intermittently mildly painful right eye with a nonulcerative corneal opacity of several weeks' duration that had improved with topical steroids but recurred when steroids were withdrawn. Ophthalmic examination demonstrated a focal region of moderate corneal oedema and midstromal corneal infiltrate centrally but no other significant ocular abnormalities, and suggested a diagnosis of immune‐mediated keratitis. Empirical courses of both topical and systemic anti‐inflammatory drugs, both nonsteroidal and steroidal, led to initial improvement but bullous keratopathy developed when corneal oedema became profound. Due to the rapidly progressive nature of the bullous keratopathy combined with poor response to medical therapy, a keratectomy and conjunctival graft were performed under general anaesthesia. Intraoperative corneal culture of the keratectomy site grew Pseudomonas alcaligenes, a common soil and water contaminant. Histopathology of the keratectomy specimen revealed neutrophilic inflammation. Keratectomy and conjunctival graft led to resolution of ocular pain and inflammation, with an acceptable cosmetic and visual outcome. This report describes an unusual case of a nonulcerative Pseudomonas keratitis that responded well to surgical therapy, and underscores the complicated nature of nonulcerative keratitis in horses. 相似文献
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Lionel Sebbag Leah M. Moody Rachel A. Allbaugh Jonathan P. Mochel 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2020,23(1):199-204
Impairment of corneal nerves can result in the development of ocular surface diseases such as aqueous tear deficiency and neurotrophic keratopathy. This study investigates oral nicergoline, an α‐adrenoceptor antagonist shown to enhance endogenous secretion of nerve growth factor (NGF) by the lacrimal gland, as a potential therapy for these conditions. Five female spayed Beagle dogs received a 2‐week course of oral nicergoline (10 mg twice daily). Drug safety was evaluated with ophthalmic and physical examinations, blood pressure monitoring, bloodwork, and urinalysis. The effect of nicergoline on the ocular surface was assessed with corneal esthesiometry, Schirmer tear test‐1, and tear film breakup time. Drug effect on NGF levels was assessed by collecting tears and blood at baseline and completion of therapy using a bead‐based immunoassay and an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Although nicergoline was well tolerated in all dogs, it did not have a significant impact on corneal sensitivity, tear production, or tear stability. Of note, NGF was below the limit of quantification in all tear samples and was only detected in 8/20 serum samples with no significant difference between levels at baseline (189.4 ± 145.1 pg/mL) and completion of therapy (149.4 ± 79.4 pg/mL). Further validation of NGF analytical assays is warranted before nicergoline is investigated in clinical patients. 相似文献
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Hyperlipidemic ocular lesions are described for Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits. Male WHHL rabbits 8 months old exhibited serum hyperlipidemia and ophthalmoscopically yellowish-white lesions along the corneoscleral junction and in the iris. Histopathologically, foamy macrophages aggregated in the stroma of the cornea, iris, and ciliary body were observed. These findings have been interpreted as lipid keratopathy. In addition, multiple clusters of a large number of foamy macrophages occurred throughout the choroid and sclera in association with the blood vessels. The lesions in the choroid and sclera could not be detected ophthalmoscopy, yet were much more prominent than those in the cornea, iris, and ciliary body, suggesting greater involvement and earlier onset of lipidosis at these sites associated with hyperlipidemia in WHHL rabbits. 相似文献
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Amiodarone-induced keratopathy in healthy dogs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Amiodarone has a broad spectrum as an antiarrhythmic agent and is indicated for patients with atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Amiodarone-induced corneal deposits are the most common reversible side effect (70-100%) in humans. Additional ocular effects in humans include deposits in the lens, retina and optic nerve. This study was conducted to determine ocular effects of chronic oral amiodarone in healthy dogs. Six chronically amiodarone-treated dogs and four controls were used for this study. Ophthalmic examination was performed using biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy at the end of 4th, 7th and 11th weeks when dogs received amiodarone. Corneal microdeposits were observed at the end of the 7th week in one eye and at end of the 11th week in the other eye of one dog. Immediately following euthanasia, corneas and optic nerves were harvested for light and electron microscopic analysis. Light microscopic analysis showed corneal deposits in the basal epithelial cells of the cornea of the clinically affected dog. In addition, a significant increase in basal cell turnover as indicated by mitotic index was observed in the affected dog compared to both nondeposit amiodarone and control groups. All remaining animals were normal. One out of six dogs treated with amiodarone demonstrated corneal deposits (16%). This prevalence is low compared to humans. Explanations for this may include species variations particularly in volume of lacrimal secretion, or the need for longer administration. In addition, sunlight is believed to exacerbate the corneal deposits in humans and all dogs in this study were housed indoors. 相似文献
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L. M. O’Leary L. Sebbag L. M. Moody K. A. Diehl R. A. Allbaugh 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(1):e11-e15
This case series describes acute corneal hydrops in three young horses. Due to similarities in the clinical appearance and progression of the disease with that which is reported in humans and cats with acute corneal hydrops, traumatic Descemet’s membrane rupture was suspected to be the underlying aetiology in these equine cases. The horses presented with acute severe corneal oedema with intrastromal bullae formation and anterior bulging of the corneal contour. Focal posterior corneal changes were also seen in two of three cases. Mild anterior uveitis was also present. Other causes of corneal oedema (e.g. glaucoma) were ruled out based on presentation and clinical examination. Treatment approaches were medical and included various combinations of prophylactic topical antimicrobial therapy in case of secondary corneal ulceration, anti-inflammatory therapy for uveitis, targeted oedema therapy with topical hypertonic saline and corneal cross-linking, and placement of a temporary partial tarsorrhaphy for corneal tamponade. The outcome was excellent in all cases, with rapid resolution of the ocular changes. Acute corneal hydrops of presumed traumatic Descemet’s membrane rupture origin should be considered in cases of young horses presenting with acute corneal oedema. However, further studies are warranted to better characterise the disease and to try to confirm the suspected aetiology. 相似文献