排序方式： 共有15条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
云南主要地方牛种的屠宰性能研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
首次对云南主要地方牛种的屠宰性能作了研究。大额牛、云南瘤牛、迪庆黄牛、中甸牦牛和中甸牛扁牛的宰前活重（ｋｇ）分别为１７０．０±２５．０、３２４．５±２８．５、１６３．３０±２４．８９、３０９．１３±５９．７５和１８３．２５±２７．５９;胴体重（ｋｇ）分别为７８．１８±８．８２、１６５．９１±１６．２９、８３．８８±１５．４２、１７８．７７±３４．０８和８３．８５±１８．１４;屠宰率（％）分别为５２．５６±０．７８、５１．０８±１．５３、５１．２５±２．９０、５７．６０±４．５４和４５．４４±３．５１;净肉率（％）３９．７６±０．２４、３９．９７±１．２９、３９．７９±３．９２、４５．６８±４．３９和３４．３１±３．８５;眼肌面积（ｃｍ２）分别为４９．８４±１４．８２、７６．０７±３．６０、３３．２０±５．９２、５５．３５±１５．３１和３４．３７±９．７２。结果表明：大额牛、云南瘤牛、迪庆黄牛和中甸牦牛,在放牧条件下有较好的产肉性能,尤其是云南瘤牛、中甸牦牛的产肉性能更为突出。 相似文献
2.
K. Yisehak J. L. De Boever G. P. J. Janssens 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(3):417-423
The effect of supplementing leaves of four tannin‐rich plant species with polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) on nutrient intake and digestibility as well as on weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and N retention of zebu bulls (Bos indicus) was studied. Leaves of Albizia gummifera, Grewia ferruginea, Prunus africana and Syzygium guineense, containing, respectively, 85, 55, 76 and 172 g condensed tannins (CT) per kg dry matter (DM), were combined with natural pasture hay in a ratio of 40:60 on DM basis. The four diets were fed both without and with addition of PEG, at a dose of 40 g per kg DM, to eight zebu bulls during trials of 25 days in an 8 × 8 randomized crossover design. Supplementation with PEG increased nutrient intake, digestibility, FCR, N retention and average daily gain (p < 0.01). A diet × PEG interaction was observed for nutrient intake as well as for crude protein, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre digestibility (p < 0.05), but the effect size of PEG addition could not be attributed to the CT content as such, and also digestibility without PEG was not related to CT content of the diets. The reason why the efficacy of PEG addition did not relate to the CT content pointed the need to evaluate other factors that can help to predict the efficacy of PEG, for example, tannin type or interaction with other nutrients. 相似文献
3.
Contents: Different trials were performed on Zebu blood samples, kept under variable experimental conditions, to determine the extent of the degradation of measurable progesterone. Blood samples were collected and combined with different anticoagulants (heparin, EDTA or citrate) and kept 30 minutes, 3 h and 18 h at 20° C to determine if there was an anticoagulant effect. Progesterone concentrations declined rapidly (P <0.05) regardless of anticoagulant used. Different samples of uncentrifuged whole blood to which lithium heparine had been added and unseparated clotted blood were held at 3° C, 20° C, 35° C for 0, 3, 6, 12 and 18 h to determine the effect of time and temperature. Progesterone fell (P < 0.05) with time at all incubation temperatures in all cases. Lithium heparine whole blood (control) was kept for 0, 6, 18 h and for 3, 5, 7 days before centrifugation and compared to samples to which 5 mg/ml sodium azide was added, all kept at 22–25° C. The addition of sodium azide resulted in the maintainance of significantly greater (P < 0.001) progesterone concentrations than in the control although in both, progesterone declined significantly (P < 0.05) as early as 6 h. Three to 7 days after collection, however, there was a reappearance of progesterone to the point that no difference (P > 0.05) resulted with initial values in the sodium azide treated samples. Inhalt: Abnahme des Progesterongehalts in Zebu-Blutproben unter verschiedenen experimentellen Bedingungen In unterschiedlich vorbehandelten Blutproben des Zeburindes wurde die Abbaurate des meβbaren Progesterons bestimmt. Die Blutproben wurden mit verschiedenen Antikoagulantien (Heparin, EDTA, Citrat) versetzt und für 30 Minuten, 3 Stunden oder 18 Stunden bei 20° C inkubiert. DerProgesterongehalt nahm unabhangig vom jeweiligen Antikoagulans rapide ab (P<0.05). Heparinisiertes Vollblut und unbehandeltes Vollblut wurden 0, 3, 6, 12 und 18 Stunden bei 3° C, 20° C und 35° C aufbewahrt. Der Progesterongehalt nahm injedem Falle unabhängig volt der Temperatur mit der Zeit ab (P < 0.05). Heparinisiertes Vollblut (Kontrolle) und Vollblut, das mit 5 mglml Natrium Azid versetzt worden war, wurden vor dem Zentrifugieren 0, 6 und 18 Stunden, sowie 3, 5 und 7 Tage bei 22 -25° C aufbewahrt. In beiden Gruppen nahm der Progesterongehalt schon nach 6 Stunden signifikant ab (P < 0.05). Jedoch 3 bis 7 Tage nach der Blutentnahme war der gemessene Progesteronwert wieder auf ein höheres Niveau angestiegen, so daβ es sich in den mit Natrium Azid behandelten Blutproben nicht mehr significant von den Anfangswerten unterschied (P > 0.05). 相似文献
4.
This paper describes a study on the oestrous and ovarian activity and responses to prostaglandin F2 (PGF2) administration and artificial insemination in zebu heifers.Four cycling heifers were artificially infected with 5×106 Trypanosoma vivax organisms. Two heifers served as controls. Two injections of PGF2 were given 11 days apart, commencing at the peak of parasitaemia in the infected animals, followed by artificial insemination 72 and 96 h after the second administration of PGF2. Sera were analysed for progesterone by radioimmunoassay, while ovarian activity and oestrus were determined by rectal palpation and visual observation, respectively. All the infected heifers developed the clinical disease. All control and infected heifers had progesterone profiles consistent with luteolysis and the occurrence of oestrus following the second administration of PGF2. Progesterone levels did not return to normal luteal values in infected animals, however, whilst they did so in control animals. No control or infected heifers became pregnant.The findings suggest that PGF2 will induce a non- fertile oestrus in zebu heifers acutely infected with T. vivax. Re-ovulation is also inhibited within 22 days in a majority of infected animals. 相似文献
5.
Production Objectives and Management Strategies of Livestock Keepers in South-East Kenya: Implications for a Breeding Programme 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A survey of pastoralist and agropastoralist households in south-east Kenya was conducted to determine their production objectives
and management strategies in order to optimize and extend a breeding programme for indigenous small East African Shorthorn
Zebu cattle. The reasons for keeping cattle and the breed/trait preferences identified reflect the multiple objectives of
the livestock keepers, with both adaptive traits and productive/reproductive traits rated as important. Although the Maasai
and Kamba zebu (M&KZ) breeds were ranked highly with regard to adaptive traits, the population is considered to have been
in decline over recent years. In order to promote the conservation and sustainable use of the M&KZ cattle, the formation of
an open nucleus breeding scheme is recommended. In particular, such a scheme would be able to address several existing constraints
(e.g. individual herds are very small and communal use of pastures/water makes controlled mating difficult). Such interventions
would require the full participation of the livestock keepers, as well as ensuring that a holistic approach to species and
breed attributes is taken into account in setting breeding goals, such that the full array of contributions that livestock
make to livelihoods and the genetic characteristics related to these contributions are fully incorporated into the programme. 相似文献
6.
云南主要地方牛种体尺测定 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
本文报道了云南主要地方牛种大额牛,云南瘤牛,中甸牦牛,迪庆黄牛和中甸犏牛的体尺测定结果。结果表明：大额牛,云南瘤牛和中甸牦牛均具有较典型的偏兼用型体型,其潜在的产肉性能较高;迪庆黄牛和中甸犏牛为偏役用型体型。 相似文献
7.
Impact of a trace element supplementation programme on health and performance of cross‐breed (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) dairy cattle under tropical farming conditions: a double‐blinded randomized field trial 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 V. Dermauw E. Dierenfeld G. Du Laing J. Buyse B. Brochier S. Van Gucht L. Duchateau G. P. J. Janssens 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2015,99(3):531-541
Small‐scale urban dairy farms (n = 16) in and around Jimma, Ethiopia with cross‐bred (Bos indicus × Bos taurus) cows were enrolled in a double‐blinded intervention study to investigate the effect of a trace element supplementation programme on trace element status and milk concentrations as well as performance [body condition score (BCS), milk yield, leptin], milk composition, antioxidant status (ferric‐reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS)], blood biochemistry, serum proteins and immune response (antibody titre upon rabies vaccination). The farms were allocated to a (1) placebo or (2) Cu, Zn, Se, Co and I supplementation treatment for 150 d. On days 0 and 120, four lactating cows per farm were sampled for milk and plasma, and on day 150 for serum, following primo‐vaccination. Cu deficiency was present in 17% and marginal Se deficiency in 30% of initially sampled cows, while no Zn shortage was detected. Over 120 days, trace element supplementation caused a bigger increase in plasma Se and Cu concentrations, but also a larger decrease of plasma Fe concentrations. A larger increase in milk Se concentrations was observed in the supplemented group, whereas none of the other elements were affected. BCS decreased more over time in the supplemented group. None of the other parameters of performance and antioxidant status nor milk composition or blood biochemistry was affected by treatment. Antibody response to rabies vaccination did not differ between groups, whereas α1‐globulins tended to be lower and β‐globulins tended to be higher in the supplemented group. In conclusion, despite improved Cu and Se status and Se concentrations in milk, cows on tropical urban dairy farms did not seem to benefit from trace element supplementation, with respect to the parameters investigated. 相似文献
8.
Summary The Brahman is one of the most popular breeds for meat production in the Neotropics. However, genetic studies of the breed in Latin American countries have only recently begun. In total, 178 animals of the Brahman breed from 20 Colombian provinces were genotyped at 11 microsatellite markers with the aim of studying the genetic diversity of this population and its genetic relationships with zebuine and taurine breeds. The outcomes of multivariate analyses, Bayesian inferences and inter‐individual genetic distances suggested that there is no genetic sub‐structure in the population, because of the high rate of animal migration among provinces. The population shows a high degree of heterozygosity and allelic diversity compared with other breeds, reflecting its multibreed origin. The study of the genetic relationships among the breeds reveals that the Brahman breed belongs to the zebuine group. However, it is the population nearest to taurine breeds with high frequencies of taurine alleles. Intensive artificial selection may have favoured the taurine alleles after the breed was formed. There has also been some degree of mixture with local taurine breeds while the Brahman breed has evolved in Colombia. 相似文献
9.
Intestinal development of bovine foetuses during gestation is affected by foetal sex and maternal nutrition 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 T. R. S. Gionbelli P. P. Rotta C. M. Veloso S. C. Valadares Filho B. C. Carvalho M. I. Marcondes M. F. L. Ferreira J. V. F. Souza J. S. A. A. Santos L. C. Lacerda M. S. Duarte M. P. Gionbelli 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(3):493-501
We aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal nutrition (MN) and foetal sex on the intestinal development of bovine foetuses throughout different days of gestation (DG). Forty‐four multiparous, dry Holstein × Gyr cows with average initial body weight of 480 ± 10 kg were fed the same diet of either restricted feeding at 1.15% of body weight (CO, n = 24) or fed ad libitum (overnourished, ON, n = 20). Six cows from CO group and five cows from ON group were slaughtered at 139, 199, 241 and 268 DG, and foetuses were necropsied to evaluate the intestinal development. The mass, length and density of foetal intestines were not affected by MN (p ≥ 0.260). An interaction between MN and DG was observed for the villi length of jejunum (p = 0.006) and ileum (p < 0.001). Villi length of jejunum and ileum was higher (p < 0.10) in foetuses from ON‐fed cows than in foetuses from CO‐fed cows at 139 DG. However, at 199 DG, the villi length of jejunum and ileum of foetuses from CO‐fed cows was higher than in foetuses from ON‐fed cows. Despite these differences, MN did not affect the villi length of jejunum and ileum at 268 DG (p > 0.10). Female foetuses had greater small intestine mass (p = 0.093), large intestine mass (p = 0.022), small intestine mass in proportion to body mass (p = 0.017) and large intestine mass in proportion to body mass (p < 0.001) than male foetuses. Female foetuses had also longer small intestine (p = 0.077) and greater small intestine density (p = 0.021) and villi length of jejunum (p = 0.001) and ileum (p = 0.010) than males. We conclude that MN affects the pathway for the development of foetal villi length throughout the gestation in bovine foetuses without changing the final villi length. Female foetuses had higher intestinal mass, density and villi length than males during the foetal phase in bovines. 相似文献
10.