南海大顶苦瓜规范化栽培技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹健  梁普兴  张白鸽  李强  张长远 《蔬菜》2018,(3):30-32

为了发挥广东省佛山市的传统特色蔬菜——大顶苦瓜的产品优势,提高农户的规范化栽培技术水平,在改良南海大顶苦瓜品种的基础上,制定出配套的规范化栽培技术措施,内容包括品种特性、产地环境要求、育苗、田间管理措施和采收,旨在进一步提高南海大顶苦瓜的生产效益,大力推广这一传统特色蔬菜品种。  相似文献   

Research on abalone (Haliotis midae L.) cultivation in South Africa     

J Sales  & P J Britz 《Aquaculture Research》2001,32(11):863-874

Although abalone fisheries in South Africa have existed since 1949, cultivation started by successful spawning of captured specimens in 1981 to produce spat and juveniles. Twelve abalone farms, with an estimated investment of US$12 million, have since been established on the coast of South Africa, with a projected production of 500–800 tons. While Haliotis midae could reach a maximum size of about 200 mm shell length at an age of over 30 years in the wild, farm production is concentrating on an average size of 100 mm after 5 years. Growth rates of 0.08–4.5% body weight day ^?1 for abalone of 10–17 mm shell length have been found under stimulated farming conditions on formulated diets, while the corresponding feed conversion ratio (FCR) was 0.9–2.4. Growth rate, FCR and protein efficiency ratio decline at water temperatures above 20 °C. Anaesthetics, for example magnesium sulphate, are used to prevent injury during removal from tanks. Prostrate diatoms, such as Cocconeis sublittoralis (Hendey), Amphora proteoides (Hustedt) and Achnanthes brevipes (Agardh) are preferred after the larval stage (5–7 days, depending on temperature) are finished. South Africa abalone growers prefer formulated feeds in pellet form, which is convenience and cost favourable to farm operations and management. Although fish meal has been found to be the most suitable protein source for inclusion in formulated diets, plant proteins such as soy bean meal, cottonseed meal and sunflower meal presented good growth and apparent protein digestibility. The parasite sabellid polychaete, Terebrasabella heterouncinata, recently named by Australian and American researchers, is indigenous to a variety of South African intertidal molluscs and impedes growth by causing irritation beneath the mantle in abalone. Prevention to some degree is possible by high standards of hygiene and husbandry of abalone in the tanks, but new techniques to control large infestations now include ultrasound. In spite of a reputation for toughness, abalone meat frozen immediately after shucking is tender relative to red meat. The success of abalone farming in South Africa has been as a result of a high degree of cooperation between the private sector and government‐backed research institutions, and it is anticipated that this collaboration will continue.  相似文献   

苹果梨花芽孕育期生长锥细胞超微结构的观察   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭金丽  张玉兰  郝喜龙 《果树学报》2001,18(4):213-216

利用透射电镜对苹果梨花芽孕育期芽内生长锥细胞进行了观察，结果显示，在花芽孕育形成的过程中，生长锥细胞的超微结构发生了一系列变化：蛋白体和脂类小滴逐渐增加；核外膜向外延伸到胞质中与内质网相连，其上分布的核糖体增多；线粒体和内质网数目丰富且分布均匀；核糖体大量游散在胞质中；质体呈浅裂，中央缢缩；微管分布于靠近质膜处等。以上超微结构的变化表现出细胞旺盛分裂和分化的特点，反映了花芽孕育过程中的细胞学特征。  相似文献   

梨三倍体新品种龙园洋红的选育     

任爱华  王晓祥  尹金凤 《黑龙江农业科学》2006,(1):21-23

龙园洋红梨是梨三倍体新品种,亲本为56-520×乔玛,抗寒性强,短枝型.果实不规则长椭圆形,果形指数1.13,平均单果重185.5 g,每个果实平均2.5粒种子,种子小、不饱满,多畸形.果皮浅黄色,阳面有红晕,果肉乳白色,肉质细软多汁,风味甜,有香气,可溶性固形物16.05%.果实在哈尔滨地区9月中旬成熟.  相似文献   

云和县雪梨产业化建设进展与思考   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘建灵  陈超俊  宋小英  刘传达 《浙江林业科技》2004,24(1):61-64

分析了云和雪梨产业化建设的提出背景,总结了雪梨产业化建设进程中取得的经验与方法,同时在建立土地流转机制、发挥政府在雪梨产业化进程中的作用、培植龙头企业、科技创新与推广树立精品意识等方面进行了深入的思考.  相似文献   

鸭梨秋施^15N尿素的吸收与分配   总被引：32，自引：2，他引：30  

徐季娥  陈良 《园艺学报》1993,20(2):145-149

  相似文献   

酥梨采后灰霉病生防菌株的鉴定及抑菌作用     

杜静婷  蔺楠  施俊凤 《保鲜与加工》2024,(3):53-60

以微生物拮抗病原菌是防治病害安全高效的可行手段。通过对果实表面微生物进行筛选鉴定,以期得到一株可以有效抑制灰霉病的生物防治菌株。对拮抗菌株H-1进行形态学特征、生理生化特性分析,结合16S rDNA序列分析和gyrB 基因序列分析构建系统发育树;采用平板对峙法结合果实伤口试验考察拮抗菌H-1在体外及梨果表面的抑菌作用。结果表明：经鉴定H-I菌株为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）;B. velezensis H-1在体外条件下可显著抑制灰葡萄孢霉（Botrytis cinerea）、细极链格孢（Alternaria tenuissima）和串珠镰孢菌（Fusarium verticillioides）的菌丝生长,其中对灰葡萄孢霉菌丝的抑制作用最强;果实伤口试验表明,1×1011 CFU/mL的B. velezensis H-1可完全抑制梨果表面灰霉菌生长。由此可见,B. velezensis H-1可以有效抑制梨果采后灰霉病的发生。  相似文献   

Notes on the role of water potential in the pathogenesis of fire blight,caused by Erwinia amylovora     

H. J. Schouten 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1989,94(4):213-220

The rate of multiplication of fire blight causing bacteriumErwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al. depends on the availability of water. Water availability can be quantified by means of the parameter water potential. The relationship between water potential and relative multiplication rate ofE. amylovora was derived from experiments of L. Shaw (1935). This relationship appears to be applicable toE. amylovora in plant tissues and in nectar of flowers.Multiplication and expansion ofE. amylovora in a restricted space, e.g. an intercellular hole, creates a pressure, which may cause schizogenic cavities in soft tissue. Strong tissue, however, may be able to resist this multiplication pressure of the bacteria, so that symptom progression can be prevented. A hypothesis is formulated on how the multiplication pressure may be quantified by means of the parameter water potential. Expansion of bacterial ooze may alo be due to absorbtion of water without increase of dry weight (e.g. a daily cycle of shrinkage and expansion). This expansion may give rise to a swelling pressure, which again may be quantified by means of the parameter water potential.Samenvatting De vermenigvuldigingssnelheid van de bacterie die bacterievuur veroorzaakt (Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al.,), hangt af van de beschikbaarheid van water. De beschikbaarheid van water kan worden gekwantificeerd met de parameter waterpotentiaal. De relatie tussen waterpotentiaal en relatieve vermenigvuldigingssnelheid vanE. amylovora werd afgeleid uit experimenten van L. Shaw (1935, Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca. Memoir 181). Deze relatie kan zowel worden toegepast op de pathogenese in planteweefsel als op de epifytische ontwikkeling in nektar.Vermenigvuldiging vanE. amylovora in een beperkte ruimte, bijvoorbeeld in een intercellulaire holte, creëert een druk, die tot scheuren van zacht weefsel kan leiden. Sterk weefsel kan de vermenigvuldigingsdruk van de bacteriën vermoedelijk wel weerstaan, zodat uitbreiding wordt verhinderd. In een hypothese wordt beschreven hoe de vermenigvuldigingsdruk zou kunnen worden gekwantificeerd met behulp van de parameter waterpotentiaal. Wateropname door bacterieslijm zonder toename van het drooggewicht (bijvoorbeeld een dagelijkse gang van krimpen en zwellen) kan ook leiden tot een druk. Deze druk kan eveneens worden berekend met de parameter waterpotentiaal.  相似文献   

鸭梨酶促褐变的生化机制及底物鉴定   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29  

吴耕西  周宏伟 《园艺学报》1992,19(3):198-202

  相似文献   

采后ASM诱导处理对鸭梨果实黑霉病的控制     

曹建康  姜微波 《园艺学报》2005,32(5):783-787

 Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) 是重要的植物抗病基因诱导剂。鸭梨果实经过负压渗透ASM诱导处理后接种黑霉病(Alternaria alternata) 。结果表明, 0.5 mmol·L ^{- 1} ASM能有效抑制鸭梨果实损伤接种病害和自然侵染病害的发生。ASM处理果实具有较高的苯丙氨酸解氨酶( PAL) 和几丁质酶(CHT) 活性, 积累了较高水平的H₂O₂ 和酚类物质。离体试验表明, ASM不对病原菌生长产生抑制作用。ASM处理对果实病害的抑制作用可能与其增强了果实抗性系统有关。  相似文献