早熟、优质、耐贮运西瓜新品种‘爱耶一号’     

王鸣  张仲国  王伟瑛 《园艺学报》2002,29(5):500-500

 ‘爱耶一号’是采用自交分离、杂种优势利用, 并结合化学诱变而育成的早熟西瓜新品种, 具有成熟早、丰产、抗病、品质佳、果肉红、抗裂果、耐贮运、适应性广等优良特性。  相似文献   

细胞因子对小尾寒羊胎盘成熟的影响     

葛利江  田文儒  崔琳  王学东  陈郁馨  范秀军 《中国兽医杂志》2004,40(1):7-10

为了研究细胞因子对小尾寒羊胎盘成熟的影响 ,本实验采用液相竞争法和平衡法 ,对小尾寒羊空怀期 (n=5 )和妊娠期 (n=13)第 85天、10 5天、12 5天、14 0天和 15 0天 (足月 )时的血清白细胞介素 - 1β(IL - 1β)、白细胞介素 - 6 (IL - 6 )和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)的含量分别进行检测。结果表明 ,IL - 1β和 IL - 6含量在 12 5天时与对照组间差异极显著 (P<0 .0 1) ,TNF含量在各时期与对照组差异均显著 (P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 )。随着妊娠过程的进展 ,三种细胞因子含量逐渐增加 ,12 5天时达到最高值 ,分别为 0 .390± 0 .196 ng/ ml,5 79.8± 15 2 .8pg/ ml和 2 .348± 0 .396 ng/ ml。而后逐渐下降 ,到足月前略有回升 ,但仍低于 12 5天时的最高值。由此看出小尾寒羊在妊娠期间 ,细胞因子与妊娠之间有着密切的关系 ,前者对于维持妊娠起到重要作用。由于 14 0天至足月3种细胞因子基本稳定 ,这表明胎盘于 14 0天左右达到成熟 ,IL- 1β和 IL- 6与启动分娩有关 ,而 TNF可能参与小尾寒羊分娩的启动。  相似文献   

Effect of nitrogen application during ripening period on photosynthesis and dry matter production and its impact on yield and yield components of semidwarf iniica rice varieties under water culture conditions     

Mohammad Noor Hossain Miah  Tetsushi Yoshida  Yoshinori Yamamoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):205-217

Abstract

A water culture pot experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of N application during the ripening period (RP) on photosynthesis, dry matter production, and its impact on grain ripening and yield in two semidwarf indica type varieties viz. Gui Zhao 2 (GZ) and BR3 (BR) compared with a japonica type variety Koganemasari (KO) under four N rates viz. 0 (N₀), 10 (N₁₀), 20 (N₂₀), and 40 (N₄₀) mg L^?1. Results showed that N application enabled to maintain a higher leaf area and delay leaf senescence in both indica and japonica type varieties but the decrease in the rate, of leaf area was higher in the former than in the latter and the rate was reduced with increasing N rates. Flag leaf photosynthesis and SPAD values of N treated plants were higher throughout the RP, showing the presence of a significant correlation either for each variety or all the varieties together. Higher photosynthetic rate was supported by higher leaf chlorophyll (SPAD value basis) content, stomatai conductance, and N concentration in leaf blades. Top dry matter content increased with increasing N rates mainly due to mean leaf area rather than NAR except for BR during RP but it was higher in KO than in GZ and BR. Reduction of shoot weight due to translocation of dry matter to panicles during RP was suppressed by N rates both in GZ and BR while shoot weight increased in the N-treated plants in KO. The dependency of KO on current photosynthates for panicle weight was found to be almost hundred percent while the contribution of stored carbohydrates in shoot before heading to panicle weight in GZ and BR was in the range of 4-27 and 33-54%, respectively and the rest was contributed by current photosynthates. The percentage increased with increasing N rates. Percentage of ripened grains (PRG) increased with increasing N rates in GZ and BR due to the increase in dry matter production and in the photosynthetic rates of apex leaves, despite the larger spikelet number and larger hull size. However, KO showed almost no variation although it had the highest PRG among the varieties. Brown rice yield followed the same pattern as that of PRG in GZ and BR and the highest yield was produced by BR followed by GZ and KO. These results suggest that N application during RP was more effective in increasing yield in the semidwarf indica type varieties than in the japonica type variety.  相似文献   

葡萄果实转色过程中线粒体呼吸代谢变化     

陈伟  吴昌荣  鲁成  杨震峰 《核农学报》2016,(6):1227-1233

为明确线粒体呼吸代谢与果实成熟期间颜色形成的关系,本试验探究了3种葡萄果实(夏黑、巨峰和金手指)成熟期间颜色、总花色苷含量、呼吸强度、内源乙烯产生和线粒体呼吸代谢的变化规律。结果表明,夏黑和巨峰葡萄果实的果皮颜色指数(CIRG)值和总花色苷含量随着果实成熟呈上升趋势,而金手指葡萄果实CIRG值在整个成熟期间变化不显著;葡萄果实成熟期间呼吸强度和内源乙烯均呈先上升后下降趋势,在花后63d达到峰值。同时,葡萄果实成熟期间,线粒体膜通透性转换孔(MPTP)逐渐增加,线粒体膜流动性(MMF)持续下降;线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性随着成熟进程逐渐下降,而细胞色素氧化酶(CCO)活性在花后63d开始上升。表明盛花63d之后是果实色泽快速形成阶段,可能为葡萄果实色泽形成的关键时期。线粒体呼吸代谢增强促进了果实成熟期间呼吸强度增加和内源乙烯释放,从而使夏黑和巨峰果实中花色苷大量积累,加快了金手指葡萄果实叶绿素的降解和类胡萝素的合成。本研究结果为调控南方葡萄果实着色提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

壮芽灵对烤烟种子的处理效应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

卢江平  白永富  卢秀萍  张红梅  张恒 《种子》2002,(4):27-29

对云烟85、K326和红花大金元3个品种进行不同成熟期种子活力测定及壮芽灵浸种处理。结果表明：完熟期的种子活力高于褐熟期和枯熟期；壮芽灵处理种子中，以稀释1000倍，浸种24小时的效果较好，可提高中、低等活力水平的烤烟种子的活力，而对高活力烤烟种子则有轻微的抑制作用。本法对提高中、低等活力水平的烤烟具有明显作用。  相似文献   

PG和LOX对采后番茄果实软化及细胞超微结构的影响   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15  

生吉萍  罗云波  申琳 《园艺学报》2000,27(4):276-280

以番茄 (Lycopersiconesculentum)品种‘丽春’为试验材料研究了果实采后多聚半乳糖醛酸酶 (PG)和脂氧合酶 (LOX)的活性变化与果实硬度的关系 ,并观察了细胞超微结构的变化。结果表明 ,随着果实采后呼吸强度和乙烯释放量不断增加 ,PG和LOX活性迅速增加 ,而果实硬度逐渐下降。呼吸强度和LOX活性高峰出现在发白期 (BR) ,而乙烯释放量高峰延迟至转色期 (TU)。PG活性随着果实的成熟逐渐增加 ,而LOX活性在发白期之后保持较高水平。分别用外源LOX和LOX加底物处理番茄组织切片 ,发现组织细胞的衰老进程加速 ,进而导致细胞膜瓦解、胞壁纤维松弛以及细胞器空胞化。PG和LOX都与果实的后熟软化有关 ,LOX与衰老的启动有关  相似文献   

Postharvest UV-C treatment combined with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), followed by storage in continuous low-level ethylene atmosphere,improves the quality of tomatoes     

Penta Pristijono  Konstantinos Papoutsis  Christopher J. Scarlett  Michael C. Bowyer  Quan V. Vuong  Costas E. Stathopoulos 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(5):521-529

Mature green tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Neang Pich) were exposed to 13.6 kJ m^?2 UV-C or 0.5 μL L^?1 1-MCP or combination of 13.6 kJ m^?2 UV-C and 0.5 μL L^?1 1-MCP, with appropriate untreated controls. After treatment, tomatoes were stored in air containing 0.1 μL L^?1 ethylene at 20°C and 100% RH. The untreated fruit ripened significantly faster than those of all other treatments. UV-C treatment alone was able to delay fruit ripening by up to 5 days longer compared to untreated fruits whilst the additional of 1-MCP further delayed fruit ripening. UV-C and 1-MCP treatments alone or in combination had significantly slower ethylene production rates throughout the storage period. The fruit treated with the combination of 1-MCP and UV-C was significantly firmer and had higher total phenolic content compared to that of the other treatments. However, there was no difference between treatments in soluble solids content/titratable acids ratio, chlorophyll content, lycopene content and total antioxidant activity. These results show that UV-C and 1-MCP treatment delay ripening and improve the quality of tomatoes in the presence of low-level ethylene during storage. This new treatment could be used to extend the shelf-life of mature green tomatoes through the supply chain without the use of refrigeration.  相似文献   

Uneven ripening in ‘Bangalore blue’ grape (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca) berries in India is linked to seed viability     

Seshadri Shivashankar  Manoharan Sumathi  Vala Keshava Rao 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(2):113-119

Uneven ripening (UR) is a physiological disorder of unknown origin in ‘Bangalore blue’ grape (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca) leading to wine of inferior quality. A preliminary study found wide variations in total dehydrogenase activity (TDH) of seeds from unevenly ripe berries. In our experiments, gibberellin (GA₃) applied to young grapes increased seed TDH activity and reduced the incidence of uneven ripening to 2% compared with 35% in the control. In contrast, paclobutrazol (PBZ) decreased TDH activity and increased the incidence of the disorder to 58%. GA₃-treated berries had higher concentrations of sucrose and TDH activity in seed representing mature seeds with high viability. In contrast, PBZ-treated and control berries had higher concentrations of glucose and lower TDH activity, indicating immature seeds with low viability. These results suggested that competition among developing berries can lead to differences in seed gibberellin content, seed viability and the rate of berry growth resulting in green, purple, and black berries at harvest. The study established the role of seed viability in uneven ripening and demonstrated that the incidence of the disorder is reduced by the application of GA₃ to immature berries.  相似文献   

文山辣椒成熟期不同颜色果实的色素含量     

赵水灵  张洪玲  赵昶灵  屈用函  袁恩平  杨羚钰  张雪廷  王绍祥  李云 《中国农学通报》2017,33(14):47-51

为揭示云南文山州辣椒成熟期果色多样性和独特性的化学基础,用分光光度法研究了该州辣椒成熟期紫色、红色、金色和杂色果实的叶绿素(chlorophylls,Chls)、类胡萝卜素(Car)和总花色苷含量。结果表明:文山辣椒成熟期不同颜色果实的叶绿素a(Chl a)和总叶绿素[Chl(a+b)]含量和叶绿素a/b(Chl a/b)及总叶绿素/类胡萝卜素[Chl(a+b)/Car]特征均为紫色杂色红色金色,叶绿素b(Chl b)含量特征为紫色杂色金色红色,Car含量特征为金色红色杂色紫色,总花色苷含量(TAC)特征为紫色红色金色杂色,此外,4种颜色果实Chl a、Chl b和Chl(a+b)含量间的差异均达到极显著水平,但Car含量和TAC间的差异则均未达到显著水平。因此,文山辣椒成熟期果实颜色差异主要决定于Chl含量,叶绿素和花色苷共同贡献于果实的紫色,Car含量则决定了果实的金色和红色。本研究可为文山州辣椒果色呈现机理的研究和新奇果色品种的选育提供参考。  相似文献   

番木瓜ERF家族与果实成熟相关成员的分析     

陈永萍  高峰  申艳红  赵湾湾  陈桂信  王平 《园艺学报》2019,46(2):252-264

通过比较分析番木瓜ERF家族成员的系统进化关系、基本理化性质、保守基序、启动子顺式元件,结合分析番木瓜在乙烯利和乙烯抑制剂1–甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理下以及不同成熟期果肉的RNA-seq数据,筛选出22个ERF家族成员进行表达差异分析,最终比较得出两个处理数据中显著差异表达基因有18个,推测这些基因可能在番木瓜果实成熟过程中起重要作用。  相似文献