小麦矮化腥黑穗病菌侵染能力的研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

彭金火  周国梁  张大凯  杨翠英  郑斌斌  郑建中  章桂明 《植物检疫》2002,16(3):129-133

中美专家合作在美国犹他州对小麦矮化腥黑穗病菌的侵染能力进行了研究。试验采用不含抗病基因的小麦品种Cheyanne,播种前用溴甲烷对试验小区进行了熏蒸。接种物为含有多种致病型的冬孢子悬浮液,采用土壤表面喷洒冬孢子悬浮液的方法进行接种,接种密度为每cm20、0.88、8.84、88.45、884.49、8844.89、88449个孢子。结果表明,接种密度为每cm20.88个孢子时即可产生0.21％的穗发病率。对试验数据进行分析后表明,小麦矮化腥黑穗病菌的侵染规律符合侵染概率理论,在本试验条件下,单个孢子的侵染概率为0.0002。  相似文献   

Biological control of cereal seed-borne diseases by seed bacterization with greenhouse-selected bacteria     

Margareta Hökeberg  Berndt Gerhardson  Lennart Johnsson 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(1):25-33

About 400 bacterial strains, isolated from roots of wild and cultivated plants, were screened for effects against diseases caused by Drechslera teres and/or Microdochium nivale in greenhouse tests and against common bunt caused by Tilletia caries in field tests. Four of the strains showed good biocontrol activity <70% disease reduction) against D. teres and T. caries both in screenings and field tests. One Pseudomonas isolate, MA 342, strongly and reliably suppressed both D. teres and T. caries in the field, while effects against M. nivale were weaker. The effects could not be enhanced by varying pre-application or seed application procedures. This isolate could be stored as a suspension in a refrigerator, frozen or applied to seeds for at least one month without loosing its disease controlling ability.  相似文献   

小麦矮腥黑粉菌g9890基因编码效应蛋白的生物信息学分析及亚细胞定位     

许停  刘太国  高利  陈万权 《植物保护学报》2023,50(4):866-872

为明确小麦矮腥黑粉菌Tilletia controversa g9890基因编码效应蛋白的生物学功能,根据小麦矮腥黑粉病菌转录组测序结果,筛选出效应蛋白g9890,通过PCR技术获得g9890基因cDNA的全长序列,并对其进行生物信息学以及亚细胞定位分析。多种生物信息学数据库分析表明,g9890基因全长为1 038 bp（包括终止密码子）,共编码345个氨基酸,相对分子质量为37 353.32,理论等电点为5.02。g9890效应蛋白不稳定系数为15.94,疏水性指数为-0.312,是一种亲水性且稳定的蛋白。将g9890基因与pbin-GFP载体重组,利用冻融法转化至根癌农杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101中,将其注入烟草进行瞬时表达分析,并通过共聚焦激光显微镜观测该基因的定位状况,结果显示,g9890定位在细胞膜和细胞核上。  相似文献   

小麦光腥黑粉菌转化子最适固体培养基的筛选     

李丹丹  何婷  王梦可  刘太国  刘博  陈万权  玄元虎  高利 《植物保护》2020,46(6):164-169

为了筛选小麦光腥黑粉菌转化子最适培养基, 以提高小麦光腥黑粉菌转化子生长速度, 选取了3个菌落形态不同的转化子(ZHZ-1, ZHZ-2, ZHZ-3)进行培养试验?用6 mm打孔器打取菌饼, 将菌饼置于9种培养基上16℃避光培养?观察?测量小麦光腥黑粉菌转化子的菌丝生长情况?菌落直径等主要指标, 结果表明, 9种培养基中, 3种转化子都是在完全培养基(complete medium, CM)上生长状况最好, 菌丝生长速度最快?ZHZ-1转化子在CM培养基上菌落圆形, 有褶皱, 产生大量白色菌丝, 生长速度快?ZHZ-2转化子菌落圆形, 产生大量白色菌丝, 生长速度快?ZHZ-3转化子菌落云纹状, 有褶皱, 产生大量白色菌丝, 生长速度快?  相似文献   

小麦矮腥黑粉菌侵染小麦子房的激光共聚焦显微观察方法     

李超  陈德来  魏晓庆  刘俭俭  刘太国  刘博  陈万权  高利 《植物保护》2019,45(1):121-124

本试验利用碘化丙啶(propidium iodide)和Alexa Flour 488(AF 488)标记的麦胚凝集素(WGA)分别对小麦子房细胞和小麦矮腥黑粉菌进行染色,结合激光共聚焦显微镜成像系统获取小麦子房的三维立体图像。该技术可获得清晰的小麦子房细胞图像,并观察小麦矮腥黑粉菌在小麦子房中的侵染状况。该方法将为研究病原菌在寄主体内的分布提供可参考依据。  相似文献   

小麦光腥黑穗菌萌发的超微结构研究     

马青  王少先  米鸿斌 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,27(3):110-112

透射和扫描电镜观察表明,小麦光腥黑穗病菌冬孢子萌发时只生出一根原菌丝,而内壁发生多处消解。原菌丝含有多个细胞核,并有脂肪粒、核糖体、糖原和线粒体等。原菌丝顶端可形成８个担孢子,并桥接形成“Ｈ”形菌丝。  相似文献   

小麦矮腥黑粉菌和禾草腥黑粉菌的快速鉴别研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周卫川 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,33(Z1):37-40

快速准确地鉴别形态特征极为相似的小麦矮腥黑粉菌(TilletiacontroversaKühn)和禾草腥黑粉菌(T.fuscaEll.AndEV.),是我国进口草种检疫中迫切需要解决的技术难题。运用数学判别法,以冬孢子直径、网目数、网脊高度、胶鞘厚度为基本形态指标,在大量测量数据的基础上,建立了鉴别小麦矮腥黑粉菌和禾草腥黑粉菌的数学模型。最后,用未参加组建模型的100组数据测试该模型,并做萌发试验核对判别结果,其正确率达到100%,表明该模型稳定可靠。  相似文献   

Organic Seed-treatment as a Substitute for Chemical Seed-treatment to Control Common Bunt of Wheat     

Munzer El-Naimi  Hala Toubia-Rahme  Omar F. Mamluk 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2000,106(5):433-437

Common bunt of wheat, caused by Tilletia laevis and T. tritici, is a major seed and soil-borne disease in West Asia and North Africa. The use of resistant cultivars and chemical seed-treatments are the current control measures used to combat this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate alternative control measures to chemical seed-treatments that are environmentally friendly to support cultivar resistance. Several organic nutrients [skimmed milk powder, hucket (local skimmed milk) and wheat flour] at a concentration of 160g per kg of seeds were used as seed-treatments on two susceptible bread and durum wheat cultivars (Bau and Sebou, respectively) to examine their effectiveness in controlling the disease. Field trials over four years showed that skimmed milk powder, hucket, and wheat flour reduced common bunt infection levels by 96%, 93% and 62%, respectively. In most cases, the effectiveness of the skimmed milk powder and hucket was equal to the chemical seed-treatment; thus, these organic nutrients offer an effective and environmentally safe alternative to chemical treatments. However, a study of their economic value as well as of their effect on seed germination, and field emergence is needed.  相似文献   

武汉地区引种灯台树栽培技术与速生因素研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王罗荣  许红霞王健 《湖北林业科技》2005,(5):21-23

通过20a3次引种珍稀灯台树,证明灯台树在武汉地区引种成功,且生长迅速。当年苗期平均高生长达89cm。大树年平均高生长达1·2m,胸径1·12cm,大大超过桢楠、紫楠、白玉兰等其他珍稀种,很有开发利用价值。  相似文献   

Inheritance of resistance to Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica Mitra) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

G. Fuentes-Davila  S. Rajaram  G. Singh 《Plant Breeding》1995,114(3):250-252

The mode of inheritance and allelic relationships among genes conferring resistance to Karnal bunt were studied in seven bread-wheat (six resistant and one susceptible) genotypes. The resistant genotypes originated in China (‘Shanghai#8’), Brazil (PF71131), the USA (‘Chris’), and Mexico (‘Amsel’, CMH77.308 and ‘Pigeon’). The susceptible line WL711 was from India. Evaluation of these wheat lines and all possible crosses among their F₁ and F₃ generations (about 100 progenies in each cross) revealed that two partially recessive genes conferred the resistance to Karnal bunt in ‘Pigeon’, whereas four partially dominant genes were present in the other genotypes. ‘Chris’, ‘Amsel’ and PF71131 carry one gene, whereas ‘Shanghai#8’ and CMH77.308 have two genes. ‘Chris’, ‘Amsel’, and PF71131 have different genes, whereas one gene was common to PF71131, CMH77.308 and ‘Shanghai#8’, and another to ‘Chris’ and CMH77.308. Gene symbols were formally designated to the resistant stocks. Resistance was incomplete and stable.  相似文献