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[目的] 制备40%联苯肼酯.乙螨唑悬浮剂,降低柑橘红蜘蛛防治的单剂用药量和生产成本,延长药剂使用寿命。[方法] 采用湿法研磨工艺,通过粒径、黏度、分散性、pH、冷贮和热贮稳定性等指标的测试,对配方中的润湿分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂进行了筛选。[结果] 确定了40%联苯肼酯.乙螨唑悬浮剂优化配方：联苯肼酯原药25%,乙螨唑原药15%,AEO 2%,D1002 2%,木质素磺酸钠6%,乙二醇5%,黄原胶0.1%,去离子水补足100%。该悬浮剂施用30 d后对柑橘红蜘蛛的防效仍达到90.1%。[结论] 该配方复配比例合理,性能指标均符合相关标准,对柑橘红蜘蛛的田间防治效果优异。试验结果可以为联苯肼酯和乙螨唑开发提供依据。 相似文献
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柑橘全爪螨是一种世界性害螨, 目前对许多药剂已经产生抗性。药剂复配是治理抗性问题, 延长药剂使用寿命的重要手段。为筛选出增效明显的复配新产品, 本文选取联苯肼酯作为标准药剂, 与阿维菌素和氟啶胺分别进行复配, 并采用叶碟喷雾法测定其联合毒力及增效作用。结果表明, 联苯肼酯、阿维菌素和氟啶胺的单剂LC50分别为16.43、0.29 mg/L和12.63 mg/L。联苯肼酯与阿维菌素复配比例为19∶1和15∶5的共毒系数分别为135.02和158.40, 具有增效作用。联苯肼酯与氟啶胺在6∶4、7∶3、5∶5、9∶1、8∶2复配比例的共毒系数分别为466.28、410.61、370.22、311.15和275.85, 增效作用显著。 相似文献
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【目的】明确北京地区作物上二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae Koch）不同种群对杀螨剂的敏感性水平,了解二斑叶螨对药剂敏感性与体内4种解毒酶活力的相关性。【方法】在实验室内采用改进的玻片浸渍法（slide-dip method）检测北京房山、怀柔、昌平、延庆和平谷5个地区二斑叶螨田间种群对联苯肼酯、阿维菌素、螺螨酯和哒螨灵4种杀螨剂的敏感性;采用PCR技术对单头叶螨的CYTB基因进行扩增和测序,检测二斑叶螨对联苯肼酯的抗性突变位点;并采用酶标仪微量板法,检测二斑叶螨体内与抗性相关的多功能氧化酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶、羧酸酯酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的活力。【结果】5个田间种群对联苯肼酯最敏感,其LC50分别为2.4880、6.4693、6.2398、0.7882和14.7783 mg•L-1。对阿维菌素的敏感性次之,其LC50分别为22.4712、35.4431、14.5260、15.4904和14.0023 mg•L-1。对螺螨酯和哒螨灵的敏感性非常低,螺螨酯的LC50分别为49.6833、81.8826、72.9609、204.4609和1 433.5137 mg•L-1,哒螨灵的LC50分别为202.6902、806.8324、375.3518、188.3234和2 310.9040 mg•L-1。延庆地区二斑叶螨乙酰胆碱酯酶、羧酸酯酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的活性显著高于其他地区,其活力分别为14.9508 U/(mg protein)、0.2271 μmol•mg-1 protein•30 min-1和58.2962 U/(mg protein)。怀柔地区多功能氧化酶的活性显著低于其他地区,其活力为1.4272 μmol•mg-1 protein•30 min-1。联苯肼酯、阿维菌素、螺螨酯和哒螨灵的敏感性水平与乙酰胆碱酯酶、羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和多功能氧化酶的酶活力之间没有直接的线性关系;采用PCR技术对5个地区的288个二斑叶螨个体进行CYTB基因检测后,仅发现怀柔地区的一个个体CYTB基因第126位氨基酸密码子的第一位核苷酸由G突变为A导致氨基酸由G突变为S,其余地区均无突变,这与生物测定方法中各地区对联苯肼酯较敏感的结果基本一致。【结论】北京地区二斑叶螨不同种群对联苯肼酯敏感性最高,对阿维菌素的敏感性次之,对螺螨酯和哒螨灵敏感性非常低;二斑叶螨对4种杀螨剂的敏感性水平与乙酰胆碱酯酶、羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和多功能氧化酶的酶活力之间没有直接的线性关系;通过检测到的基因突变个体,说明怀柔地区二斑叶螨种群中存在着对联苯肼酯产生高抗性风险的个体。PCR方法能够更加快速准确地检测种群抗性发展程度。基于以上结果,在农业防治二斑叶螨中应降低联苯肼酯使用频率,交替使用阿维菌素,避免使用螺螨酯,停止使用哒螨灵,以延缓和降低二斑叶螨产生抗性的风险。 相似文献
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联苯肼酯在草莓上的残留降解及其安全使用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为评价联苯肼酯在草莓上的环境安全性,采用田间试验方法,研究了设施栽培条件下联苯肼酯在草莓上的消解动态和残留情况,并据此对实际生产中的用药模式进行调整,探索最适安全间隔期。结果表明,联苯肼酯2 000倍液施药1次,其在设施栽培草莓上的半衰期为3.15 d;设施栽培草莓上联苯肼酯的残留量受施药浓度、施药次数影响,残留风险与田间用药剂量、用药次数呈正相关。参考国外农药残留限量标准,建议在设施栽培条件下,按常规方法及作用剂量施药;在施药2~3次的情况下,草莓的安全采收间隔期为3 d;随着施药浓度或施药次数增加,安全间隔期应适当延长。 相似文献
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淡紫拟青霉、厚垣轮枝菌生防菌剂对当归“麻口病”的防治效果 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了明确淡紫拟青霉、厚垣轮枝菌生防菌剂对当归生长量的影响及对麻口病的防治效果,进行了田间药效试验。结果表明,两种生防菌剂在当归移栽时拌细干土穴施对当归生长量(出苗、株高、叶片数、冠幅)有一定的影响;但可有效防治当归麻口病,其中淡紫拟青霉颗粒剂41.25kg/hm2处理组防效最高,为63.43%,与其他处理差异显著(P0.05);各处理对当归有较好的增产作用,增产率为25.78%~63.01%,其中淡紫拟青霉颗粒剂45.00kg/hm2处理增产率最高,为63.01%,其次为厚垣轮枝菌微粒剂33.75kg/hm2处理,增产率为61.67%;菌剂各处理相比对照可明显提高特等归比例。淡紫拟青霉颗粒剂41.25、45.00kg/hm2和厚垣轮枝菌微粒剂33.75kg/hm2穴施可有效防治当归麻口病,提高当归产量,可用于生产上防治当归麻口病。 相似文献
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Pieter Van Nieuwenhuyse Thomas Van Leeuwen Jahangir Khajehali Bartel Vanholme Luc Tirry 《Pest management science》2009,65(4):404-412
BACKGROUND: Resistance of Tetranychus urticae Koch to bifenazate was recently linked with mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b Qo pocket, suggesting that bifenazate acts as a Qo inhibitor (QoI). Since these mutations might cause cross‐resistance to the known acaricidal QoI acequinocyl and fluacrypyrim, resistance levels and inheritance patterns were investigated in several bifenazate‐susceptible and bifenazate‐resistant strains with different mutations in the cd1 and ef helices aligning the Qo pocket. RESULTS: Cross‐resistance to acequinocyl in two bifenazate‐resistant strains was shown to be maternally inherited and caused by the combination of two specific mutations in the cytochrome b Qo pocket. Although most investigated strains were resistant to fluacrypyrim, resistance was not inherited maternally, but as a monogenic autosomal highly dominant trait. As a consequence, there was no correlation between cytochrome b genotype and fluacrypyrim resistance. CONCLUSIONS: Although there is no absolute cross‐resistance between bifenazate, acequinocyl and fluacrypyrim, some bifenazate resistance mutations confer cross‐resistance to acequinocyl. In the light of resistance development and management, high prudence is called for when alternating bifenazate and acequinocyl in the same crop. Maternally inherited cross‐resistance between bifenazate and acequinocyl reinforces the likelihood of bifenazate acting as a mitochondrial complex III inhibitor at the Qo site. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Bifenazate is a carbazate acaricide known for its potency, particularly against tetranychid mite species such as the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). It was recently shown that the compound needs to be activated by an S,S,S-tributyl-phosphorotrithioate (DEF)-sensitive mechanism in spider mites to display full acaricidal efficacy. The ability of well-known organophosphates and carbamates to inhibit the activation of bifenazate and thus compromise its acaricidal potential was tested.RESULTS: Esterase activity determined in vivo after pre-exposure of mites with organophosphates and carbamates revealed--depending on the compound--varying esterase inhibition nicely correlated with the ability of the individual compound to antagonise bifenazate action on mites.CONCLUSIONS: The findings illustrate that organophosphates and carbamates interfere with bifenazate efficacy, most probably by inhibiting carboxylesterases responsible for the activation of the pro-drug. As a result of the strong antagonism, mixtures of bifenazate with carbamates or organophosphates should not be used under field conditions. Moreover, there exists a real threat in repeatedly applying organophosphates and bifenazate. The present study again illustrates how important mode of action information is for the proper planning of resistance management strategies. 相似文献