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禾本科小麦族三个物种的核型及进化关系分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
首次报道了禾本科小麦族3个物种的核型,二倍体长穗偃麦草2n=2x=14=10m 4sm(2SAT),核型属于2A型;假鹅观草2n=2x=14=8m 6sm(2SAT),核型属于2A型;中间偃麦草2n=6x=42=16m 20sm(4SAT) 6st,核型属于3B型;同时,根据Stebbins的核型进化理论和分支系统学的编序、赋值方法,对核型的4个重要性状进行了分析,结果表明在这3个物种中二倍体长穗偃麦草与假鹅观草进化程度基本一致,而中间偃麦草相对进化程度较高。 相似文献
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ZHANG De-Li LI Liu-jin XIA Geng-tian HE Xu-yu GAO Bu-xian BAI Xiao-hong HUANG Gao-sheng LIU Shang-gao YAN Long-Fei FANG Fu-de 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2002,1(7):816-827
The chromosomal number variations & structural aberrations of the MDCK cell line, primary feline or canine kidney cell(FKC or CKC) and Hela cell line were investigated and their karyotypes of conventional chromosome bands were analyzed. The carcinogenesis or tumorigenicity testing of these cell lines in about 232 nude mice and for colony formation in soft agarose and for haemagglutination under different concentration of plant lectins of these cells were carried out. Under the prerequisite that the incidence of cancer or tumor in negative-control nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with primary feline or canine kidney cell cultures purified in vitro at passage 3 was 0 (0/22) and 0 (0/10), respectively. The incidence of the progressively-growing malignant tumor(MT) in positive-control nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with Hela cell cultures of KB, X, or NM20/X strain was 10/10, 25/25 and 5/51, respectively. The results showed that the incidence of tumor in nude mice with tetrapioid YA strain of MDCK cell during 20 - 45 passages, with hypodiploid JB strain of MDCK cell on passage 25, with di-and hypoploid JC strain of MDCK cell during 2 - 15passages or with hypoploid M strain of MDCK cell during 9 - 27 passages was 28/58, 1/5, 4/18 and 0/31,respectively. The chromosomal analysis results showed that the ratio of difference in the rate of modal chromosome number between high (mcs + n) and lowest (mcs)passages was not more than 5 % - 15 % and the structure aberrations was generally 0 - 3%. These results proved that the genetic characteristics of chromosomal number of cell lines determines their tumorigenicity, but it is species-specific. MDCK line has tumorigenicity no matter what its chromosome karyotype is, at least it has very low tumorigenicity even when its modal chromosome number is hypoploid. The repeatedly frozen, thawed and split controls of tumorigenicity-positive cell lines(X strain of Hela, M strain of BHK-21, JA strain of Vero, YA strain of MDCK) have much lower tumorigenicity or are even non-carcinogenesis, and the repeatedly frozen, thawed and split controls of very low tumorigenicity cell lines (M or JC strain of MDCK) are certainly non-carcinogenic and never have increased tumorigenicity.It is thus evident that MDCK cell of M, JB or JC strain can be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines, but MDCK cell of YA strain can not be approved as substrate for the preparation of comattenuated viral vaccines. In summary, all strains of MDCK cell line have tunorigenicity, at least have low tumorigencity, never have non-cancinogenic MDCK, but very low tumorigenicity MDCK cell strains can certainly be used for the approval production of canine viral vaccines if the DNA content in viral cell cultures was remarkably decreased through conventional means in manufacturing process. Therefore, the master cell stock and working cell bank of MDCK line used for vaccine manufacture were established in China, which are free of infectious agents, and described with respect to cytogenetic characteristics and tumorigenicity. Tests showed that there were correlations among cell line chromosome number variations, anchorage independence in soft agarose, haemagglutination under plant lectins, and tumor-forming ability in nude mice, thus all the in vitro tests are economic, simple and reliable means for monitoring the tumor-forming ability of MDCK line in nude mice. 相似文献
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Karyotypic Studies on Some Cultivated and Wild Species of Chenopodium (Chenopodiaceae) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Detailed karyotypic studies have been done in 20 wild and cultivated taxa of Chenopodium, which belong to three ploidy levels 2x, 4x and 6x. C. quinoa (4x) shows minor but consistent differences in the arm ratio of various chromosomes within the complements of different accessions.
The chromosomes can be arranged in 18 pairs that suggest allotetraploid nature. The karyotype of C. berlandieri subsp. nuttalliae (4x) is basically similar to that of C. quinoa. C. bushianum (6x) is distinctly different from the above two species in showing highest ratio between longest and shortest chromosomes.
C. album complex is characterized by consisting of 2x, 4x and 6x cytotypes. Marked karyotypic differentiation is seen even among various
2x accessions. The 4x cytotype has a more asymmetrical karyotype as compared with 2x and 6x cytotypes. The karyotypic differences
are also apparent between two 6x cytotypes studied. C. strictum (6x) and C. giganteum (6x) show close similarity to 6x types of C. album. 相似文献
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三种太阳鱼的核型分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文报道了鲈形目太阳鱼科3种鱼的染色体组型,蓝鳃太阳鱼及绿色太阳鱼的染色体二倍数均为2n=48、NF=48,红耳太阳鱼的染色体二倍数为2n=72、NF=72,类似于一个三倍体核型。三种鱼核型中的共同特征是染色体组全部由单一的具端着丝粒染色体(单臂染色体)组成。 相似文献
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新疆杂草黑麦染色体核型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了对新疆杂草黑麦的种质鉴定、起源分析、良种培育和遗传多样性研究提供依据,采用常规压片法制片结合显微摄影技术,分析了3个新疆杂草黑麦居群和1个栽培黑麦品种的核型并比较他们的异同点.结果表明,四种黑麦材料的染色体均为二倍体,染色体数目为14,不同材料之间染色体形态具有丰富的多态性.新疆杂草黑麦居群89R4的染色体核型公式为2n=2x=14=12m+ 2sm,除第7对为近中着丝粒染色体外,其余染色体均为中间着丝粒染色体,核型不对称系数为61.70％,核型类型为1A型,属于基本对称型.新疆杂草黑麦居群89R14的核型公式为2n=2x=14=8m+ 6sm(2sat),除第5、6、7对为近中着丝粒染色体外,其余染色体均为中间着丝粒染色体,其第7对染色体具有随体,核型不对称系数为60.88％,核型类型为2A型,属于基本对称型.新疆杂草黑麦居群89R60的核型公式为2n=2x=14=14m(2sat),其全部染色体均为中间着丝粒染色体,第3对染色体具有随体,核型不对称系数为60.47％,核型类型为1A型,属于基本对称型.栽培黑麦材料H36的染色体核型公式为2n=2x=14=10m+ 4sm,除第5、6对为近中着丝粒染色体外,其余染色体均为中间着丝粒染色体,核型不对称系数为61.20％,核型类型为1A型,属于基本对称型. 相似文献
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木薯4个品种的核型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
木薯华南8号、9号、10号、11号是中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所新选育推广的新品种。利用去壁低渗法研究华南8号、9号、10号、11号的染色体数目及其核型。结果表明,参试的4个品种染色体数目均为2n=36,其中华南8号的核型公式为2n=36=30m(4SAT)+6sm(2SAT),华南9号的核型公式为2n=36=30m(6SAT)+6sm,华南10号的核型公式为2n=36=32m+4sm,华南11号的核型公式为2n=36=34m(2SAT)+2sm,其中华南8号、9号和10号的核型类型为1A型,华南11号的核型类型为1B型。该研究可为木薯育种、种质资源鉴定及基因定位等方面提供细胞学基础。 相似文献
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一个新疆杂草黑麦居群的细胞学分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新疆杂草黑麦(Secale cereale subsp.segetale Zhuk.)是我国发现的一种稀有野生黑麦资源,具有极强的抗病、抗逆性和优异的丰产性状。为系统了解该特殊种质资源的生物学特征,并为这一珍贵种质资源应用于远缘杂交育种、牧草种质开发及其生物多样性保护提供基础的细胞学依据,选取新疆杂草黑麦的一个居群89R38,观察分析其花粉母细胞的减数分裂行为规律及其根尖细胞的核型特点。结果表明,89R38的绝大多数花粉母细胞减数分裂中染色体的行为正常,在终变期同源染色体配对可形成7个二价体,而在少数花粉母细胞减数分裂中(2.06%)观察到落后染色体、染色体桥等异常行为;成熟花粉粒的醋酸洋红染色反应检测其花粉粒的育性为99.08%;核型公式为2n=2x=14=12m+2sm,核型为1A型。 相似文献