| 白洋淀流域种植结构及氮盈余的时空变化特征 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 杨紫薇,尹高飞,赵海璇,朱聪,马文奇,王佳宝,习斌,李文超,刘宏斌.白洋淀流域种植结构及氮盈余的时空变化特征[J].农业工程学报,2023,39(6):111-119. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 杨紫薇 尹高飞 赵海璇 朱聪 马文奇 王佳宝 习斌 李文超 刘宏斌 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院，省部共建华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室，河北省农田生态环境重点实验室，保定 071000；;2. 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所，北京 100081；;3. 农业农村部农业生态与资源保护总站，北京 100125；;4. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，农业农村部面源污染控制重点实验室，北京 100081 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 河北省教育厅科学技术研究项目（BJ2021026）；河北省引进留学人员资助项目（C20200330）；华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室自主课题项目（NCCIR2021ZZ-20）；河北省水环境科学实验室开放课题项目（HBSHJ202107）；国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFE0101900）；国家自然科学基金项目（42107410） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 针对种植业氮素过量投入造成的流域农业面源污染问题，该研究以白洋淀流域核心区域粮食作物和经济作物为研究对象，以粮经比为种植结构评价指标，从氮素平衡角度考虑，探究白洋淀流域种植结构变化对区域水环境的影响。研究结果显示：1)白洋淀流域种植结构时空变化明显，时间上，研究期内白洋淀流域粮经比总体呈小幅度上升趋势(4.47～5.72)；空间上，距白洋淀淀区距离越大，区域内粮经比越小，临白洋淀区粮经比(15.11～19.23)明显高于白洋淀上游粮经比(2.44～2.64);2)白洋淀流域种植业氮盈余量时空分异特征明显，时间上，研究期内白洋淀流域种植业氮盈余量总体呈下降趋势((26.29～18.49)×104 t)；空间上，各区域种植业氮盈余量表现为：白洋淀中游((10.39～14.48)×104 t)、白洋淀下游((4.35～7.09)×104 t)、临白洋淀((2.24～2.64)×104 t)、白洋淀上游((1.51～2.58)×104 t);3)白洋淀流域种植业氮盈余强度与粮经比呈显著...
|
| 关 键 词： | 作物 氮 种植结构 氮盈余 时空特征 白洋淀流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/12/1 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/1/11 0:00:00 |
Spatiotemporal variations in planting structure and nitrogen surplus in the Baiyangdian basin |
| |
| YANG Ziwei,YIN Gaofei,ZHAO Haixuan,ZHU Cong,MA Wenqi,WANG Jiabao,XI Bin,LI Wenchao,LIU Hongbin.Spatiotemporal variations in planting structure and nitrogen surplus in the Baiyangdian basin[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2023,39(6):111-119. |
| |
| Authors: | YANG Ziwei YIN Gaofei ZHAO Haixuan ZHU Cong MA Wenqi WANG Jiabao XI Bin LI Wenchao LIU Hongbin |
| |
| Institution: | 1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment of Farmland in Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;;2. Agricultural Information Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;;3. Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China;; 4. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Abstract: Environmental loss can be caused by the excessive nitrogen input in crop production, leading to non-point source pollution in the lake basin. Among them, the planting structure can be one of the most important factors to affect the nitrogen input, due to the various levels of nitrogen management between different systems of crop production. Therefore, it is very necessary to explore the relationship between planting structure and environmental loss at present. In this study, the grain crops (wheat and maize) and economic crops (vegetables and fruit trees) were taken as research objects in Baoding and Dingzhou from the core areas of the Baiyangdian Basin in the North China Plain. An optimization was made to clarify the effect of planting structure on the regional environment, where the grain economy ratio was taken as the characterization factor of planting structure, while the nitrogen surplus was the characterization factor of environmental loss. Specifically, the grain economic ratio was the planting area ratio of grain crop to economic crop. Nitrogen surplus was the difference between nitrogen input and output in the planting system. The results showed that: 1) There were outstanding spatiotemporal changes in the planting structure in the Baiyangdian Basin. In the spatial view, the largest grain economic ratio was found nearby the Baiyangdian Lake area, whereas, the smallest grain economic ratio was upstream of the Baiyangdian Lake. The grain economy ratio decreased significantly with the increase in distance from the spatial divisions to the lake. In terms of time, the grain economic ratio and each spatial partition showed a slight upward trend during the study period (in 2013, 2015, 2017 and 2019) among the four spatial divisions. There was the largest increase in the grain economy ratio in the middle reaches of Baiyangdian Lake; 2) The spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of planting nitrogen surplus in Baiyangdian Basin were obvious. In terms of time, the planting nitrogen surplus in Baiyangdian Basin showed a downward trend ( 26.29×104-18.49×104 t ) during the study period. Spatially, the nitrogen surplus in the midstream and downstream of the basin is larger than those in the upstream and nearby Baiyangdian Lake. 3) There was no change in the total planting area of grain crops and economic crops in the four spatial zones, but the nitrogen surplus decreased significantly. Among them, the most decrease in the nitrogen surplus was found in the midstream of Baiyangdian. The trend was attributed to the small basic value of the grain economic ratio and the large increase in the grain economic ratio. Furthermore, the nitrogen surplus decreased with the increase in the grain economy ratio, while the planting area remained unchanged basically in the same area. In addition, the ever-increasing trend was observed in the grain economy ratio with the decrease of the basal value, leading to the decrease of nitrogen surplus; 4) There was a strong relationship between the grain economic ratio and nitrogen surplus intensity. The smaller the grain economic ratio was, the greater the nitrogen surplus intensity was. The nitrogen surplus intensity also decreased with the increase in the grain economic ratio. Consequently, the regional nitrogen surplus intensity can be expected to be significantly adjusted via the grain economic ratio. The nitrogen surplus intensity in the midstream of Baiyangdian Lake could be reduced to the level of II (140-180 kg/hm2) from the level of IV (220-260 kg/hm2), when the grain economy ratio is adjusted from 4.21 to 12.13-17.79. Therefore, the nitrogen surplus intensity can be regulated to adjust the planting structure, in order to control the nitrogen surplus for the less environmental risk of nitrogen input in planting industry. This finding can provide a scientific basis for the control of nitrogen pollution in the planting industry. |
| |
| Keywords: | crops nitrogen planting structure nitrogen surplus spatiotemporal characteristic Baiyangdian Basin |
|
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
