| 采用高速摄影技术测定油葵籽粒三维碰撞恢复系数 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘羊,宗望远,马丽娜,黄小毛,李茂,唐灿.采用高速摄影技术测定油葵籽粒三维碰撞恢复系数[J].农业工程学报,2020,36(4):44-53. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘羊 宗望远 马丽娜 黄小毛 李茂 唐灿 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中农业大学工学院,武汉,430070;华中农业大学工学院,武汉 430070;农业部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室,武汉 430070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（项目编号：2016YFD0702104） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了建立油葵籽粒在收获、输送等机械化生产环节中与机具零部件间作用的碰撞模型。该文基于镜面反射原理和运动学原理,设计了模拟三维空间坐标系的油葵籽粒碰撞恢复系数测定装置。选取新疆收获期矮大头DW667品种油葵籽粒作为研究对象,借助高速摄影技术,记录油葵籽粒在空间碰撞运动中的三维动态坐标。针对影响油葵恢复系数的因素:碰撞材料、下落高度、碰撞角度、碰撞部位、材料厚度和含水率等开展了单因素试验和正交试验研究。单因素试验结果表明,油葵籽粒与Q235、铝合金、有机玻璃、橡胶等碰撞材料之间恢复系数依次减小;油葵籽粒与Q235之间恢复系数,随碰撞角度的整体变化趋势是随碰撞角度增加而增大,随着下落高度的增加而减小,随着材料厚度的增加而增大,随着含水率增大而降低,且在碰撞部位试验中,籽粒上侧与碰撞材料碰撞恢复系数最大。建立了下落高度、碰撞角度、材料厚度、含水率与恢复系数的回归方程,且方程的决定系数均大于0.95。正交试验结果表明,影响恢复系数各因素的次序为:碰撞材料>碰撞部位>下落高度>碰撞角度>材料厚度>含水率,其中碰撞材料、下落高度、碰撞角度、碰撞部位影响极显著,材料厚度、含水率影响显著。对比试验结果表明:基于古典牛顿法求解的恢复系数值小于能量角度求解的恢复系数值;三维碰撞法比二维碰撞法求解的恢复系数值高。验证试验结果表明:三维碰撞法计算出的预测反弹高度值更接近油葵籽粒实际反弹高度值。该研究结果可为油葵机械化生产关键部件优化设计提供参考以及为农业物料参数求解提供新的思路。
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| 关 键 词： | 农作物 运动学 镜面反射 三维碰撞 变化规律 油葵籽粒 恢复系数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/10/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/1/6 0:00:00 |
Determination of three-dimensional collision restitution coefficient of oil sunflower grain by high-speed photography |
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| Liu Yang,Huang Xiaomao,Ma Lin,Zong Wangyuan,Li Mao and Tang Can.Determination of three-dimensional collision restitution coefficient of oil sunflower grain by high-speed photography[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2020,36(4):44-53. |
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| Authors: | Liu Yang Huang Xiaomao Ma Lin Zong Wangyuan Li Mao and Tang Can |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;,1. College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2. Key Laboratory of the Middle and Lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan, 430070, China,1. College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2. Key Laboratory of the Middle and Lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan, 430070, China,1. College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2. Key Laboratory of the Middle and Lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan, 430070, China,1. College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and 1. College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: In order to establish a collision model of oil sunflower grains with agricultural machinery components during harvesting, transportation, sowing etc, a test device was developed based on principles of mirror reflection and kinematics. The device was designed to simulate the 3-dimensional (3D) coordinate system and tested to measure the Coefficient of Restitution (COR) of oil sunflower grains during collision. The sunflower variety "DW667", widely planted in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, was chosen as the test material. The three-dimensional motion coordinates of sunflower grains were recorded by high-speed photography. Single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments were carried out for the following factors: collision material, falling height, collision angle, impact part, material thickness and moisture content. Results of single-factor experiments of collision materials showed that COR decreased in the order of Q235 steel > aluminum alloy > acrylic glass > rubber. From collision tests of sunflowers grains with Q235 steel, COR increased with increasing collision angles, increased with increasing steel thicknesses, decreased with decreasing falling heights, and decreased with increasing moisture contents, and COR were the largest when the upper parts of seeds collided with the steel. Under the condition that collision material was steel Q235, collision angle was 0 ,material thickness was 2 mm, large-head collision and moisture content was 6.38%, the regression equation between seed and falling height was built and R2 of the regression equation for the curve and falling height was 0.988 5. Under the condition that collision material was steel Q235,falling height was 400 mm ,material thickness was 2 mm large-head collision and moisture content was 6.38%, the regression equation between seed and impact of the collision angle was built and R2 of the regression equation for the curve and impact angle was 0.961 0. Under the condition that collision material was steel Q235, collision angle was 0 , falling height was 400 mm ,large-head collision and moisture content was 6.38%, the regression equation between restitution coefficient and the material thickness was established and the R2 of regression curve was 0.957 7. Under the conditions that collision material was steel Q235, collision angle was 0 , material thickness was 2 mm ,falling height was 400 mm and large-head collision, the regression equation between restitution coefficient and the moisture content was established and the R2 obtained was 0.951 6. Regression equations were established between COR and falling heights, collision angles, material thickness, moisture contents of seeds, with all the regression coefficients greater than 0.95.Results of orthogonal experiments showed that the order of significance of COR influencing factors was collision material > impact part > falling height > collision angle > material thickness > moisture content. The influence of collision material, impact part, falling height and collision angle were the extremely significant (P<0.01) and the influence of material thickness and moisture content were significant (P<0.05). Comparative tests showed that COR calculated by Newton method were smaller than those calculated by the energy method, COR calculated from 3D collision angles were larger than those calculated by 2D collision angles, and the bouncing heights calculated from COR of 3D collision were larger than those calculated from COR of 2D collision. Validation tests showed that the rebound height predicted by COR of 3D collision was close to real rebound height. The results of this study could provide support to the optimization of key components in oil sunflower production machinery and the solving of parameters of agricultural materials. |
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| Keywords: | crops kinematics mirror reflection three-dimensional collision variation law oil sunflower grain restitution coefficient |
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