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1.
筛选适宜呼和浩特地区种植的苜蓿品种,探讨苜蓿秋眠等级与生产性能及越冬的关系,为建植苜蓿人工草地提供优良品种。收集国内外8个不同秋眠等级紫花苜蓿品种进行试验,采用随机区组设计,于2015-2017年每年初花期进行刈割,调查越冬率,测定株高、再生性、茎叶比、干草产量及营养成分[粗蛋白质(crude protein,CP)、干物质(dry matter,DM)、酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fiber,ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fiber,NDF)]含量,计算相对饲用价值(relative feed value,RFV),通过相关性分析和隶属函数评价筛选出最优苜蓿品种。结果表明,中苜2号、草原3号和驯鹿苜蓿越冬率(>95%)与金皇后苜蓿差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著高于与其他苜蓿品种(P<0.05)。秋眠等级与越冬率存在极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),相关系数为-0.984,而秋眠等级与苜蓿干草产量相关性不显著(P>0.05)。2015年,秋眠型苜蓿中苜2号干草产量最高,显著高于其他苜蓿材料(P<0.05);2016年,中苜2号和金皇后苜蓿干草产量较高,二者显著高于其他苜蓿品种(P<0.05),而WL525和驯鹿苜蓿干草产量较低;2017年,中苜2号苜蓿干草产量最高,其次是金皇后和草原3号,以上3个苜蓿品种显著高于其他苜蓿品种(P<0.05)。通过3年试验发现,中苜2号苜蓿的干草产量和相对饲用价值均为最高,酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量最低,苜蓿纤维含量越低,饲用价值越好。草原3号、中苜2号苜蓿的粗蛋白含量均大于20%,粗蛋白含量越高,营养价值越好。运用隶属函数综合评价,确定中苜2号、金皇后和草原3号属于最佳苜蓿品种。苜蓿秋眠等级与越冬率呈显著的负相关关系,秋眠等级对苜蓿干草产量、营养成分等生产性能无显著影响。中苜2号、金皇后和草原3号苜蓿品种在3年干草产量、越冬性及营养品质方面均表现较好,较适宜呼和浩特地区种植。  相似文献   

2.
种植及收获因子对紫花苜蓿干草产量和茎叶比的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本文研究了苜蓿品种及播种量、行间距、 播种深度、刈割高度等栽培因子对苜蓿干草产量及茎叶比的影响。结果表明,行距对产量的影响最大,前三茬及年总干草产量中,行距的产量贡献率均最大。而苜蓿品种及刈割高度对茎叶比的影响较大。不同的行距处理中,苜蓿产量以20 cm行距最高,显著高于50 cm,随着行距的加大,干草产量逐渐下降,但与30 cm行距的产量无显著差异。第4茬干草产量在不同品种之间差异较大,新疆大叶和金皇后苜蓿品种产量较高。而播种深度、播种量、刈割高度各水平之间无显著差异。苜蓿的茎叶比在苜蓿品种之间均存在显著差异,中苜1号苜蓿茎叶比最小,金皇后茎叶比最大。茎叶比在行距、播种量和播种深度不同水平之间无显著差异。  相似文献   

3.
为了明确刈割次数对杂花苜蓿草产量、营养成分、越冬率和可持续利用所产生的影响,对种植当年草原3号杂花苜蓿进行了不同刈割次数的研究试验,并对不同刈割处理下草原3号杂花苜蓿的生长特性、干草产量、营养品质及越冬率进行了测定分析。结果表明,刈割次数对种植当年草原3号杂花苜蓿平均株高、生长速度影响不显著,而对茎叶比、鲜干比、越冬率影响显著（P〈0．05）。种植当年草原3号杂花苜蓿在刈割1次处理下的茎叶比、越冬率最高,分别为0．98、95％;在刈割2次处理下的平均株高、生长速度、鲜干比较高,分别为59cm、1．30cm／d、3．76;在刈割2次处理下的全年干草总产量最高,为5211kg／hm^2;在刈割2次处理下的粗蛋白含量和相对饲用价值平均值较高,分别为20．5％、140;在刈割2次处理下的酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量平均值较小,分别为35．9％、40．6％。综合考量刈割次数对种植当年草原3号杂花苜蓿生长特性、干草产量、营养品质及越冬率的影响,种植当年刈割1次最佳。  相似文献   

4.
试验旨在确定辽宁地区苜蓿干草最适收获条件。试验以“康赛”紫花苜蓿为试验材料，测定不同刈割期、刈割次数和留茬高度对苜蓿干草产量、品质及越冬的影响。结果表明，随着刈割期推迟，苜蓿的营养品质明显下降，干草产量明显增加（P<0.05）。随着刈割次数增加，苜蓿的干草产量和越冬率变化不显著（P>0.05）。留茬高度越高，第三茬苜蓿的营养成分、越冬率显著提高（P<0.05），干草产量显著下降（P<0.05）。研究表明，辽宁地区苜蓿干草初花期收获最佳，全年刈割3次较为合理，留茬高度5～8 cm，末次刈割留茬高度10～13 cm为宜。  相似文献   

5.
为了解秋季刈割对紫花苜蓿根贮有机物质在越冬期间变化情况及对翌年越冬率、头茬产量的影响,本文以‘公农1号’紫花苜蓿为试验材料,测定第二次刈割后900GDD,1000GDD,1100GDD,1200GDD刈割的紫花苜蓿在2013年秋末至2014年初春越冬期间主根中非结构性碳水化合物和含氮化合物的含量。结果表明:种植翌年,第二次刈割后1000GDD刈割的紫花苜蓿越冬率及头茬产量显著高于其他刈割处理(P < 0.05),与未刈割处理间差异不显著;整个越冬期间,紫花苜蓿根贮藏性有机物质含量呈先上升后下降的趋势。综上所述,吉林省中东部地区秋季刈割具有可行性,且在第二次刈割后1000GDD时刈割不会影响牧草翌年产量。  相似文献   

6.
10个紫花苜蓿品种在晋北农牧交错带的适应性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
选用9个引进品种和1个国产品种连续两年(2016~2017年)测定其物候期、越冬率、产量及干草品质,应用灰色关联度分析法比较其适应性,旨在为晋北农牧交错带紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)产业发展提供基础依据。结果表明:WL366HQ,三得利(Suntory)和皇后(Empress)生长较快;WL354HQ越冬率显著(P0.05)高于WLHQ353;三得利和WL298HQ的产草量显著(P0.05)高于甘农4号;WL366HQ、三得利和皇后相对饲用价值较高;通过灰色关联度综合评价不同紫花苜蓿品种适应性表明三得利(0.921 9)、WL366HQ(0.891 4)、WL298HQ(0.867 6)和皇后(0.852 5)4个苜蓿品种在晋北农牧交错带具有较好的适应性,可在晋北地区推广种植。  相似文献   

7.
为筛选出适应洛阳当地种植的紫花苜蓿品种,以提高紫花苜蓿种植效益,对引进的17个紫花苜蓿品种的鲜草产量、干草产量、株高、茎叶比以及粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪、粗灰分等反映其生产性能和品质特性的指标进行了测定与分析。结果表明:17个品种之间的产草量、株高、茎叶比、各类营养成分含量均存在差异,经过综合评价,表现良好的品种为中苜2号、WL324、WL323HQ,可在洛阳当地大面积推广应用。  相似文献   

8.
通过田间试验测定不同紫花苜蓿品种的株高、分枝数、茎叶比、生物量、出苗率和越冬率,评价16个紫花苜蓿品种在河西走廊盐碱地的适应性,遴选出适宜河西走廊盐碱地种植的紫花苜蓿品种。结果表明:参试的16个紫花苜蓿品种,骑士T、SR4030和巨能的出苗率较高,甘农3号的出苗率最低;16个紫花苜蓿品种间株高差异不显著(P0.05);BR4010、WL343HQ、阿迪娜、亮苜2号和WL363HQ的分枝数显著大于标靶和金皇后的分枝数;岩石和德宝的叶茎比显著高于金皇后和骑士3的叶茎比;德宝、亮苜2号和骑士T的产量大于其他品种;亮苜2号和骑士3的越冬率显著高于甘农3号和SR4030的越冬率;阿迪娜和WL343HQ的倒伏率最小,骑士T和标靶的倒伏率最大。以株高、分枝数、茎叶比、生物量、出苗率和越冬率为变量因子,通过聚类分析将16个紫花苜蓿品种聚为6类,综合评判结果认为,亮苜2号、骑士T、德宝适宜种植于河西走廊盐碱地。  相似文献   

9.
北京平原区紫花苜蓿最佳秋季刈割时期研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
研究了秋季刈割时期对北京平原区中苜1号紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa当茬产草量、牧草含水量、茎叶比、越冬前再生高度、越冬率和越冬后头茬产草量的影响。结果表明：杀霜前随着秋季刈割时期延后当茬产草量呈逐渐升高趋势（P<0.05）,而杀霜后呈降低趋势;初霜前含水量处于恒定状态,初霜后逐渐降低,杀霜后大幅度下降（P<0.05）;杀霜后茎叶比升高明显（P<0.05）;杀霜前随着刈割时期延后越冬前再生高度逐渐降低,杀霜后不再变化;增加1次秋季刈割及秋季不同时期刈割对北京平原区中苜1号紫花苜蓿越冬率没有显著影响;杀霜前随着秋季刈割时期延后越冬后头茬产草量呈逐渐升高趋势（P<0.05）,秋季刈割最早处理组的越冬后头茬产草量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）,其他各杀霜前刈割处理组均与对照差异不显著。初步结论为：北京平原区可以进行紫花苜蓿秋季刈割;北京平原区紫花苜蓿秋季刈割的最敏感时期大致为与前次刈割间隔＜8周、≥5 ℃有效积温＜720 ℃,与杀霜日间隔＞3周,≥5 ℃有效积温＞90 ℃;北京平原区紫花苜蓿秋季刈割的最佳时期大致为与前次刈割间隔8～11周、≥5 ℃有效积温760～800 ℃,与杀霜日间隔0～3周,≥5 ℃有效积温0～40 ℃。  相似文献   

10.
对甘农3号、三得利、旱地、WL343、巨能601、威神等6个紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)品种开展根瘤菌接种试验,以越冬率、分枝数、株高、干草产量、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、相对饲喂价值等为评价指标,采用灰色关联法分析行评价接种根瘤菌对紫花苜蓿生产性能及营养价值的影响。结果表明：接种根瘤菌可显著提高紫花苜蓿品种的越冬率、株高、干草产量和粗蛋白含量(P<0.05),对紫花苜蓿的分枝数、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、相对饲喂价值的影响不显著(P>0.05),可促进紫花苜蓿提前接瘤,促进提高苜蓿产量和饲草品质,是提高苜蓿产草量和饲草品质的有效措施,可大面积推广应用。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

17.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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19.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

20.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

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