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1.
通过对玉林市荔枝主产区果园73份土壤样本养分含量分析,评价当地荔枝园土壤养分肥力现状。结果表明,当地荔枝园土壤养分有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、有效钙、有效镁、有效硼、有效钼含量偏低,有效磷和有效锌含量中偏低,有效铜含量中等,有效硫含量偏高,土壤pH值偏强酸性。栽培中要注意增施有机质肥、氮肥、钾肥、适施磷肥,重视钙镁肥的施用,及时补充硼肥;特别是含量属于缺乏水平的荔枝园,适量使用石灰,提高土壤酸碱度。本文旨在通过对玉林市荔枝园土壤养分含量分析及养分肥力现状评价,为当地荔枝栽培进行科学施肥提供指导。  相似文献   

2.
为了解重庆油橄榄园土壤养分的含量状况,在重庆油橄榄主产区选取了32个代表性油橄榄园采集土壤样品进行测定分析。结果表明,重庆油橄榄园土壤多呈碱性,71.88%的果园土壤pH适宜油橄榄生长。土壤有机质含量偏低,偏低比例达到59.38%。土壤全氮和速效钾含量比较丰富,分别有75.00%和68.75%的果园达到适宜以上水平。81.25%的果园土壤碱解氮含量严重缺乏,78.12%的果园土壤有效磷含量处于低量或缺乏水平。土壤交换性钙含量丰富,71.88%的果园达到过量水平。土壤交换性镁含量较高,68.75%的果园达到适宜以上水平。土壤有效铁和有效锌含量不同程度偏低,处于缺乏或低量的比例分别占到37.5%和56.62%。土壤有效硼严重不足,缺乏或低量的比例达到100.00%。因此,重庆油橄榄园在生产上应重视增施有机肥,注意氮、磷肥合理搭配使用和铁、锌、硼等微肥的补充,以实现油橄榄生产提质增效。  相似文献   

3.
海南,是我国仅次于台湾的第2大岛,地处我国最南端,与广东省的雷州半岛隔海相望。全省包括海口、三亚、儋州、文昌、琼山、琼海、澄迈、临高、琼中、通什、东方、乐东、屯昌、白沙、万宁、陵水、昌江、定安共18个县、市,面积3.4万平方公里,人口566万,是我国最大的经济特区。为了开发我国热带蚕业,发展海南丝绸,笔者于1989年受聘来到这块人们过去认为“神秘”的热土。通过4年的艰苦工作,现在看到了海南蚕丝业发展的希望。  相似文献   

4.
以湖南省湘西自治州60个椪柑(Citrus reticulata Blanco)果园为对象,分析湘西椪柑产区土壤矿质营养情况,土壤pH值及树龄与果园营养状况及果实品质的关系。结果表明,湘西椪柑产区70%以上果园土壤酸化,土壤中多数矿质养分含量适量或过量,而碱解氮、有效硼交换性钙和交换性镁含量缺乏;叶片中氮、钾、钙、镁和锌含量缺乏,磷、锰含量适量,铁、铜含量过量。随土壤pH值升高,土壤交换性钙、交换性镁和有效铜含量升高,而有效铁和有效锰含量降低;叶片氮、铁含量在酸性和弱酸性（4.5相似文献   

5.
对广西富川县60个纽荷尔脐橙园土壤和叶片样品进行营养成分检测分析。结果表明,所调查纽荷尔脐橙园土壤偏酸,土壤有机质、有效钾、有效锌、交换性钙含量较高;碱解氮、有效磷、有效铁和有效铜含量中等;交换性镁、有效锰和有效硼含量较低。脐橙叶片中磷、钾和铁含量大部分处于高量水平,少量处于适量范围,但是铜和锌的含量多数处于低量水平。纽荷尔脐橙园土壤pH值与交换性镁呈极显著正相关性,与有效钾呈极显著负相关,土壤有机质与有效锌呈极显著正相关。土壤交换性钙与叶片钙含量呈显著正相关、交换性镁与叶片镁的含量呈显著正相关,土壤交换性钙、镁与叶片锰含量呈极显著负相关,土壤酸度和土壤中营养元素的有效含量对树体营养元素的吸收和营养水平有较大影响,各个果园的氮、磷、钾肥施用极其不均,大部分果园钾肥施用过量。本研究对指导富川县纽荷尔脐橙园配方施肥和营养调节具有重大意义。  相似文献   

6.
2009-2011年在闽侯县采集果园土壤样品441个,对9个土壤养分指标进行检测分析。分析结果表明：土壤有机质含量处于丰富水平,3年来处于丰富水平的样本数占样本总数的比例分别为64.6%、60.0%和51.0%。;碱解氮含量处于中等偏低的水平,处于缺乏水平的样本数占总样本数的比例分别为31.5%、37.5%和50.0%;有效磷含量处于丰富水平;速效钾含量处于中等偏低水平。80%以上的果园土壤pH值呈酸性和微酸性。土壤有效锌含量处于丰富水平,交换性钙和交换性镁含量均有一定程度的缺乏,而有效硼含量缺乏尤其严重。  相似文献   

7.
海南岛水鹿   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
水鹿(Cervus unicolor Kerr)是海南岛野生动物中最大型的种类,主要分布于海南黎族苗族自治州各县以及汉区的万宁、琼海、定安、屯昌、澄迈、儋县等地的山地丘陵地带。当地群众称水鹿为“山马”。自1964—1980年,  相似文献   

8.
对漳州市荔枝主产区的土壤肥力状况调查和分析表明：荔枝园土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效钾、有效钙、有效镁、有效硼含量偏低,有效磷、有效铜含量中等,有效锌含量中下,土壤PH值偏酸。据此,提出土壤改良与施肥改进建议：注意增施有机肥、氮肥、钾肥;适施磷肥;重视钙镁肥的施用,以及硼素营养的补充,特别是含量属于缺乏水平的荔枝园。适量使用石灰,提高土壤酸碱度。同时进一步开展不同肥力水平的土壤施肥试验才能做到科学施肥。  相似文献   

9.
采集攀西芒果主产区果园土壤样本42个,探讨土壤pH、有效养分状况及两者的相关性。结果表明,攀西芒果园土壤pH变化范围为4.8~8.4,中性、酸性土壤占76.2%。果园土壤有机质、碱解氮、交换性钙和有效锌表现为严重缺乏状态,有效铜和硼整体处于低水平,有效钾含量为中下水平,而有效磷、交换性镁、有效硫、有效铁和有效锰5种元素的含量表现较为丰富。果园土壤pH和大部分有效养分存在显著的相关性,土壤pH与有机质、碱解氮、有效钾、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁、有效锰呈极显著负相关,与交换性钙、有效硫呈极显著正相关,而与有效性磷、有效硼、有效钼的相关性则不显著。从三种函数类型的回归分析来看,土壤pH与有机质关系符合幂函数,与碱解氮、有效锌、有效硫呈线性相关,与有效钾、交换性钙、有效铜、有效铁、有效锰则符合指数函数,而与交换性镁则符合二次函数,各相关系数均达极显著水平。总体上,土壤pH在中性偏酸的范围内,养分相对较为平衡,pH过酸或过碱,都容易造成养分的失衡,因此土壤pH过酸的果园,应注意适量施用石灰或含钙镁的肥料,与之相反,碱性土壤则应避免再次施用石灰或碱性肥料。  相似文献   

10.
为了解重庆三峡库区加工甜橙园土壤养分含量状况,在重庆7县（区）随机选取132个果园,分析背景土壤和农化土壤pH值、有机质和有效态矿质养分含量。结果显示,分别有56.8%和60.8%的果园背景土壤和农化土壤pH值适宜甜橙生长,农化土壤酸性土比例增加;背景土壤和农化土壤有机质含量不足（<15 mg?Kg-1）的比例分别为77.3%和85.3%,碱解氮处于适宜范围的比例分别为56.8%和61.5%,有效钙过剩（高量和过量）的比例分别为79.6%和76.7%;背景土壤有效磷、钾不足(缺乏和低量)的比例分别为95.4%和72.8%,有效锌、硼不足的比例分别为54.5%和70.5%;农化土壤有效磷、钾不足的比例分别为60.8%和57.6%,有效锌、硼不足比例分别为65.9%和90.7%。背景土壤和农化土壤有效镁、铁、锰及铜不足和过量并存。总体而言,土壤养分状况中等偏差;与背景土壤相比,农化土壤pH值、有机质、有效钙、锌和硼含量下降且缺锌严重,其它养分含量则有所上升。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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