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1.
荧光原位杂交是现代分子生物学及基因工程中广泛应用的新技术,它可以鉴定核酸分子之间的同源性。原位杂交技术是在核酸分子杂交基础上发展起来的一门技术,染色体荧光原位杂交技术是随着绘制高分辨人类基因组图谱需求而出现的。笔者综述了染色体荧光原位杂交技术的原理、方法,并分析了其应用前景。 相似文献
2.
以16S rRNA为靶序列的寡核苷酸探针荧光原位杂交技术(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)已广泛应用于分析环境中复杂的微生物群落构成。作者简要介绍了荧光原位杂交技术的原理和操作方法,对其在动物肠道中微生物鉴定和计数上的应用进行了概述,最后探讨了FISH技术的局限性及其应用前景。 相似文献
3.
原位杂交技术是分子遗传学与细胞遗传学相结合而产生的一门新兴技术,具有很高的敏感性和特异性,在当今细胞生物学、分子生物学研究中有着广泛的应用。文章对原位杂交的产生和发展、基本方法和特点及其在病原微生物检测方面的研究进展进行了阐述。 相似文献
4.
荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术是20世纪80年代开始发展起来的一种新的定位技术,在染色体研究中得到了广泛的应用.该文主要从荧光原位杂交技术的发展概况、探针的类型及标记方法、探针和染色体的杂交、荧光显微镜检测方面介绍了荧光原位技术的原理及FISH目前的发展现状. 相似文献
5.
荧光原位杂交技术(fluorescence in situhybridization,FISH)是20世纪80年代末在已有的放射性原位杂交技术的基础上发展起来的一种非放射性DNA分子原位杂交技术,该技术目前广泛应用于动植物领域内的DNA重复序列或多拷贝的基因家族的染色体定位、杂种亲本染色体的鉴定,染色体的结构分析与染色体物理图谱构建,外源染色质检测,物种进化及亲缘关系等的研究。本文主要介绍了荧光原位杂交技术及其衍生技术,并对其在禽类遗传学中的应用加以综述。 相似文献
6.
根据探针标记方法的差异,对原位杂交技术在兽医微生物研究中各个阶段的技术原理、应用现状、发展前景以及存在的不足进行了综述. 相似文献
7.
分子病理学是将病理学、细胞生物学和细胞生物化学结合起来,在分子水平上研究疾病发生机理的一门病理学分支。20世纪80年代以来,聚合酶链反应、比较基因组杂交、荧光原位杂交、高通量DNA测序和各种生物芯片等一大批生物学技术的相继问世,以及基因组计划的成功进行,为开发组织标本中丰富的分子生物学信息提供了重要的技术支撑,极大地推动了分子病理学的快速发展。目前,国内外常用的一些分子病理学检测技术有PCR技术、直接DNA测序、毛细管阵列杂交、荧光原位杂交、比较基因组杂交、流式细胞术、组织微阵列、原位杂交、DNA和cDNA芯片等。… 相似文献
8.
1969年美国耶鲁大学Gall和Pardue首先创立了原位杂交技术，确定了爪蟾核糖体基因定位于卵母细胞的核仁中。与此同时，Buongiomo—Nardelli和A maldi John及其同事等相继利用同位素标记核酸探针进行了细胞或组织的基因定位。Oah应用3H标记的兔乳头状瘤病毒cRNA探针进行了兔乳头状瘤组织的冰冻切片进行杂交，首次用原位杂交技术检出病毒DNA在细胞中的定位。 相似文献
9.
原位杂交组织化学(ISHH)技术是利用两条互补单链之间通过核酸分子碱基的氢键配对反应形成杂交体,然后再应用与标记物相应的检测系统,通过组织化学方法,在核酸原有的位置上把它显示出来。目前它已是一种比较成熟的技术,因其能对核酸进行原位检测而得到广泛的应用。ISHH的种类很多,其方法的改进主要在于检测信号提高上目前用于信号扩增的方法主要有原位PCR侧链系统、酪胺信号放大、催化报告分子沉淀、尾探针原位杂交和原位引物延伸标记这些方法的建立,不同程度的提高了信噪比使ISSH的灵敏性增加并得到广泛的应用。 相似文献
10.
本文论述了末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RLFP)技术、变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术、荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术、实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)技术、基因芯片(Gene chip)技术及高通量测序(HTS)技术等多种分子生物学技术在胃肠道菌群研究方面的应用。 相似文献
11.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
14.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
15.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
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