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1.
高盐负荷诱发肉鸡肺动脉高压-腹水综合征 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
为探讨肺动脉高压在高盐负荷所致肉鸡腹水综合征发生发展的作用。将160只AA商品代肉仔鸡常规饲养至7日龄,随机分成对照组和试验组(饮水中添加0.30%氯化钠),分别于处理后1、2、3、4、5、6周,每组随机抽取8只鸡,利用右心导管法测定平均肺动脉压(mPAP),用温氏法检测红细胞压积(PCV),同时测定腹水心脏指数(AHI),统计腹水发生率。结果表明:(1)高盐负荷诱发肉鸡肺动脉高压,高盐处理1周试验组肉鸡肺动脉压升高为2.91±0.29kPa,显著高于对照组2.18±0.40kPa(P<0.05);并在整个处理期间持续升高,均显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)地高于对照组;(2)高盐负荷诱发肉鸡AS,整个试验期间试验组的累计腹水发生率(16.3%)极显著高于对照组(2.5%)(P<0.01);(3)自分组后1周试验组的红细胞压积显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组,且与mPAP极显著相关(15～50日龄,r=0.612,P<0.01);(4)高盐负荷诱发肉鸡右心肥大,处理后2周试验组的AHI显著增高(P<0.05),与mPAP显著相关;并在整个处理期间相关程度逐渐密切(22日龄,r=0.532,P<0.05;50日龄,r=0.756,P<0.01)。这些结果说明肺动脉高压是高盐负荷所致肉鸡AS的中心环节,并且与右心肥大密切相关。 相似文献
2.
本试验旨在研究高盐诱发肉鸡腹水综合征（AS）过程中肺小动脉壁癌基因c-jun mRNA表达的规律，初步探讨肺小动脉壁癌基因c-jun mRNA表达在AS发生过程中的可能作用。将100只1日龄商品代AA雄性肉仔鸡常规育雏，8日龄起随机分为对照组和高盐组（饮水中添加0．30％氯化钠）。分别在15、22、29、36、43、50日龄时每组随机取6只鸡的肺组织制备切片，以原位杂交法结合图像分析法测定肺小动脉壁癌基因c-jun mRNA的表达。结果表明：对照组肉鸡生长发育过程中肺小动脉壁癌基因c-jun mRNA表达呈现动态变化，22日龄是其表达高峰。15、29、36日龄时高盐组各级肺小动脉壁c-jun mRNA相对含量极显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。43、50日龄时高盐组仅外径20～50μm肺小动脉壁c-jun mRNA相对含量极显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。提示高盐促进了肉鸡肺小动脉壁癌基因c-jun mRNA表达，尤其是在外径20～50μm的肺小动脉壁。肺小动脉壁癌基因c-jun mRNA的过度表达可能参与了高盐诱发AS的过程。 相似文献
3.
2种组胺受体拮抗剂对低温诱发的肉鸡肺动脉高压的影响 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
为探讨组胺H1受体拮抗剂扑尔敏和H2受体拮抗剂西咪替丁对低温诱发的肉鸡肺动脉高压的影响,并由此推测组胺在低温诱发的肉鸡肺动脉高压形成过程中的作用。140只17日龄AA肉鸡随机分为4组。(1)常温组:40只在常温条件下饲养(22～23℃),每日注射生理盐水2次;(2)低温组:40只在低温环境中饲养(9～11℃),每日注射生理盐水2次;(3)扑尔敏组:40只在低温环境中饲养(9～11℃),每日注射扑尔敏2次;(4)西咪替丁组:20只在低温环境中饲养(9～11℃),于24日龄至38日龄期间每日注射西咪替丁2次。分别于低温处理后1周(24日龄)、2周(31日龄)、3周(38日龄)、4周(45日龄)从常温组,低温组,扑尔敏组中各随机抽取10只,西咪替丁组在低温处理后2周(31日龄)、3周(38日龄)各随机抽取10只,称取体重,然后利用右心导管法测定肺动脉压(PAP),并测定红细胞压积(PCV),腹水心脏指数(AHI)。结果发现:(1)24日龄、31日龄、38日龄时,低温组肺动脉收缩压,舒张压显著高于(P<0105)或极显著高于(P<0101)同日龄常温组。24日龄时扑尔敏组肺动脉收缩压显著低于(P<0105)同日龄低温组。38日龄时西咪替丁组肺动脉收缩压,舒张压极显著低于(P<0101)同日龄低温组。(2)24日龄、31日龄、38日龄、45日龄时,低温组PCV极显著高于(P<0101)同日龄常温组。24日龄时扑尔敏组 相似文献
4.
低温诱发肉鸡腹水综合征发生过程中肺血管重塑与肺动脉高压的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将160只15日龄雄性AA商品代肉鸡随机分为对照组((22±1.5)℃)和低温组((11±2)℃)。15~50日龄,每组每周随机取6只,以右心导管法直接测定肺动脉压(PAP),并取肺组织做石蜡切片进行Weigert-间苯二酚复红染色,分析肺血管重塑情况。50日龄时统计整个饲养过程中肉鸡腹水综合征(AS)发生率。结果显示,低温组肉鸡AS发生率(18.75%)极显著高于对照组(1.25%)(P<0.01);低温组肉鸡PAP从22日龄开始较对照组明显升高(P<0.01或P<0.05);20~50、50~100、100~200μm肺动脉结构分别从36、43、43日龄开始较对照组发生了明显的重塑(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结果表明,低温诱发肉鸡AS过程中出现了明显的PAP升高和肺血管重塑,且肺动脉高压(PH)促进了肺血管重塑,肺血管重塑加剧了PAP升高。 相似文献
5.
300只15日龄商品肉仔鸡随机分为常温组、低温组和维拉帕米组，以研究L型电压依赖性钙通道拮抗剂维拉帕米对腹水综合征病鸡右心功能的影响。结果，与低温组相比，维拉帕米可显著降低肉鸡腹水综合征的发生率；维拉帕米组肉鸡腹水心脏指数分别在29、36、43和50日龄时显著或极显著降低；右心室收缩压在36和43日龄时极显著降低，右心室舒张压在36和43日龄时也显著或极显著下降；右心室内压最大变化速率在43日龄时极显著升高。结果表明，维拉帕米可显著降低肉鸡腹水和右心肥大的发生，能有效维护右心功能。 相似文献
6.
将180只1日龄AA雄性肉鸡随机分为3组,每组6个重复,8日龄起在日粮中分别添加L肉碱0,75,150mg/kg。15～21日龄关闭水暖进行较低温处理(15～18℃)以诱发腹水症。通过测定肉鸡不同阶段的体增重、采食量、饲料转化率、血红细胞压积(PCV)、红细胞渗透脆性(EOF)、肉鸡右心室内压(RVP)、肺动脉压(PAP)以及腹水心脏指数(AHI)等指标来研究日粮L肉碱添加对肉鸡生产性能以及腹水症发生的影响。结果表明:日粮中添加L肉碱对肉鸡生产性能的影响不显著(P>0.05),但能显著(P<0.05)降低肉鸡腹水症的死亡率。对肉鸡PCV、RVP、PAP等均没有显著(P>0.05)影响,但能显著(P<0.05)降低EOF和AHI。 相似文献
7.
为了揭示肉鸡肺动脉高压的形成机理,为预防和治疗肉鸡腹水综合征提供理论依据,试验研究了两种钙颉颃剂硝苯地平和维拉帕米对肉鸡肺动脉高压和腹水肉鸡右心肥大指数的影响.结果表明:44日龄,硝苯地平组肺动脉压极明显低于低温组(P<0.01);28和36日龄,维拉帕米明显降低肺动脉压 (P<0.05);44日龄维拉帕米组肺动脉压极明显低于低温组(P<0.01).硝苯地平和维拉帕米可降低肉鸡腹水心脏指数.结果说明维拉帕米和硝苯地平降低了低温诱发的肺动脉高压和肉鸡腹水综合征的发生率,降低肉鸡腹水心脏指数,初步证实钙信号参与了肺动脉高压的形成. 相似文献
8.
扎鲁司特对低温诱发的肉鸡肺动脉高压的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
将60只雄性艾维茵商品代肉鸡常规育雏，17日龄随机分为3组：常温对照组(常温组)、低温模型组(低温组)和低温扎鲁司特组(扎鲁司特组)。各组于处理后14d(31日龄)和21d(38日龄)分别用右心导管法及直接导管法测定扎鲁司特对肺动脉压(PAP)和股动脉压(FAP)的影响，同时测定红细胞压积(PCV)和腹水心脏指数(AHI)。结果：(1)在低温环境的早期，扎鲁司特使肉鸡肺动脉收缩压和舒张压均升高，后期仅使舒张压升高；(2)扎鲁司特使PCV升高，增加了血液黏性阻力；(3)扎鲁司特使AHI升高，促进右心肥大；(4)扎鲁司特对股动脉压无显著性影响。可见扎鲁司特促进了肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征的发生发展。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
18.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献