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不同开口饵料对半刺厚唇鱼仔鱼摄食、生长与成活的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在水温23～25℃下,将刚开口摄食的5日龄半刺厚唇鱼Acrossocheilius hemispinus仔鱼饲养在60cm×50cm×50cm玻璃缸中,密度为300尾/缸,投喂淡水轮虫(10ind./mL)、水蚯蚓浆(过150μm筛网)、蛋黄(250μm纱布揉洗)、鱼苗开口料和虾奶粉,以筛选半刺厚唇鱼仔鱼的适宜开口饵料。22d的饲养结果表明:摄食不同饵料的半刺厚唇鱼仔鱼的初次摄食率、生长速率和成活率差异显著(P0.05),其中淡水轮虫组初次摄食率最高(98.89%),生长速率最快(日增全长0.43mm),存活率97.33%;水蚯蚓浆组初次摄食率亦达到95.56%,平均日增全长为0.36mm,存活率为85.44%;蛋黄组虽然初次摄食率(90.00%)较高,但其生长速率(日增全长0.13mm)和成活率(57.00%)均较低,显著低于淡水轮虫组和水蚯蚓浆组(P0.05);而开口饲料组和虾奶粉组的初次摄食率和成活率均显著低于其他3组(P0.05)。总之,淡水轮虫是半刺厚唇鱼仔鱼的最适开口饵料;水蚯蚓浆为适宜开口饵料,缺乏淡水轮虫时可用其替代作为半刺厚唇鱼仔鱼的开口饵料。 相似文献
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光照条件和开口饵料对点带石斑鱼仔鱼培育成活率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了1000lux以上和500lux以下两种光照条件和原生动物、牡蛎受精卵、轮虫三种海水鱼苗常用开口饵料对点带石斑鱼（Epinephela malabaricus）仔鱼培育成活率的影响。结果表明：1000lux以上光照条件试验组13日龄仔鱼成活率分别比500lux以下光照条件试验组高36.7%、23.7%和21.7%,其中尤以对6日龄仔鱼成活率影响最为明显,此阶段500lux以下光照强度条件试验组的死亡率为61.6%,比同样饵料条件的1000lux以上光照条件试验组高32.7%;不同开口饵料对点带石斑鱼仔鱼成活率的影响表现为：1000lux光照条件下,以原生动物作为开口饵料试验组13日龄仔鱼的成活率达到54.3%,分别比同样光照条件下以牡蛎受精卵和轮虫作为开口饵料的试验组提高23.1%和26.1%,呈显著差异;以牡蛎受精卵作为开口饵料试验组13日龄仔鱼成活率略优于以小个体轮虫（200目筛网筛选）作为开口饵料的试验组,两者差异不显著。 相似文献
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鱼类早期生长的细微差别对其存活以及整个生活史阶段的生长,有着不可估量的影响,而摄食是影响仔鱼期生长的最重要的外界影响因子之一。在水温19．5～20．5℃下,对匙吻鲟（Polyodon spathula）仔鱼的开口时间、适宜开口饵料和投饵率进行了研究。结果表明,匙吻鲟仔鱼在6日龄初次摄食,摄食率在7—8日龄迅速升高,9—10日龄达到100％,11-13日龄略有降低,14-15日龄迅速降低,不可逆点（PNR期）出现在15日龄;以轮虫作为开口饵料,仔鱼的存活率和生长优于丰年虫和颗粒饲料组;养殖水体中轮虫密度在120—150个／mL可满足仔鱼的生长需求。 相似文献
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采捕山东威海外海黄海海域的太平洋鳕(Gadus macrocephalus)亲鱼进行驯化和培育,在人工条件下成功驯化存活野生亲鱼49尾,经短期促熟培育后,通过人工授精方式获得了多批次受精卵.对胚胎和早期仔鱼发育过程进行了观察,详细描述了从受精卵到早期仔鱼各发育时期的形态特征.结果显示,太平洋鳕成熟卵子为沉性卵,圆球形,卵径为0.9-1.1 mm,无油球.胚胎发育分为5个时期,分别为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期和器官形成期.在水温为9-10℃、盐度为27-29的海水中孵化,受精卵历时312 h 30 min孵化出膜.初孵仔鱼全长为(3.85±0.12) mm,6日龄仔鱼开口,肛门与外界相通,进入混合营养期.8日龄仔鱼卵黄囊消耗殆尽,开始进入外源性营养阶段.仔鱼开口饵料为轮虫(Rotifer),12日龄开始摄食卤虫(Artemia saline)无节幼体.6日龄仔鱼鳔原基形成,16日龄鳔充气成为亮泡状.12日龄仔鱼形成肠道第1个生理弯曲,22日龄仔鱼第2个肠道生理弯曲形成.研究结果可为太平洋鳕亲鱼驯化培育和苗种培育提供基础资料. 相似文献
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对人工饲养条件下月鳢仔鱼的摄食习性进行了研究。仔鱼孵出２ｄ后即开口摄食外界食物,仔鱼开口饵料为轮虫。随着鱼体的生长,摄食枝角类、桡足类和摇蚊幼虫的比例迅速增加。仔鱼昼夜摄食强度有一定的节律,夜间１８～２２时摄食强度最大。 相似文献
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实验旨在探究不同核黄素水平对齐口裂腹鱼生长性能、体组成及免疫指标的影响;以540尾健康的齐口裂腹鱼[体质量(10.54±0.01)g]为实验对象,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。分别投喂核黄素水平为0.67、2.96、5.83、9.05、11.58和23.42mg/kg的6种等氮等能的实验饲料,养殖时间56 d。结果显示,齐口裂腹鱼的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)以及蛋白质效率(PER)均随核黄素添加水平升高呈先升后降趋势,并均在5.83 mg/kg组达到最大且显著高于其余组;饲料系数(FCR)呈先降后升趋势,5.83 mg/kg组达到最低且显著低于其余组;核黄素可显著影响实验鱼的成活率(SR)、肝体指数(HSI)和脏体指数(VSI);核黄素可显著影响实验鱼全鱼粗脂肪含量,但对其粗蛋白质、水分和粗灰分含量无明显影响。肝胰脏核黄素沉积量随着饲料核黄素水平的增加而升高;肝胰脏D-α-氨基氧化酶(DAAO)活性在5.83 mg/kg组时达到最高。血清溶菌酶(LYZ)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均随核黄素添加水平的提高而呈先升高后稳定的变化趋势。丙二醛(MDA)含量则随核黄素添加水平的提高而呈先降低后稳定的变化趋势。说明核黄素可有效地提高齐口裂腹鱼随饲料的消化利用率,提高免疫及抗氧化能力,促进其生长。综合考虑,齐口裂腹鱼核黄素添加水平为5.32~5.89 mg/kg。 相似文献
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K. Palińska‐Żarska D. Żarski S. Krejszeff J. Nowosad M. Biłas K. Trejchel A. Brylewski K. Targońska D. Kucharczyk 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2014,20(3):281-290
The effect of burbot weight (BW) and length (TL) on the efficiency of weaning under controlled conditions was investigated. Growth, survival rate, cannibalism and histological analysis of digestive tract were examined. The experiment lasted 49 days (40–89 days post hatch [DPH]). The fish (BW 0.12 g; TL 14.1 mm) were divided into four groups: a control group (C) exclusively fed Artemia sp. nauplii and groups F40, F47 and F54 that were weaned to dry feed on 40, 47 and 54 DPH, respectively. The highest survival rate was observed in groups C (78%) and F54 (58%). In group F54, similar TL (53.8 mm) and higher BW (1.36 g) at the end of experiment, in comparison with group C (43.9 mm, 0.84 g for TL and BW, respectively), were obtained. At the end of the experiment, the length of enterocytes in groups C and F54 was at a similar level (over 23 μm), whereas in group F47 was significantly lower (approximately 20 μm; P < 0.05). This study for the first time presents successful weaning of the burbot. The data indicate that live food should be offered until the fish reach 25 mm and 0.20 g. 相似文献
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C.A. MARTÍNEZ-PALACIOS M.G. RÍOS-DURÁN L. AMBRIZ-CERVANTES K.J. JAUNCEY & L.G. ROSS 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2007,13(4):304-310
A study was conducted in order to determine the protein requirements of juvenile Mexican silverside (Menidia estor). Seven isoenergetic diets (≈19.9 MJ kg−1) with dietary protein levels of 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g kg−1 were prepared as flakes using jack (Caranx sp.) and red snapper (Lutjanus sp.) fillets, tuna (Thunnus sp.) ovaries and California squid (Loligo sp.) as protein sources, and their effects on growth, survival and feed utilization of juvenile M. estor (69.24 ± 5.03 mg initial weight) were evaluated. Fish were fed by hand to apparent satiation, five times a day, for 8 weeks. Best growth and survival were obtained with diets with protein levels between 400 and 500 g kg−1, with no significant differences between them (P > 0.05). Specific growth rate and feed intake were also highest for these treatments (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio between fish fed all the diets. Broken‐line analysis of individual weight gain against protein level showed a protein requirement of 409 g kg−1 for juveniles of M. estor. 相似文献
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试验探讨了饵料中添加不同水平的维生素E对黄颡鱼生长及体色的影响,在基础饵料中分别添加0(对照组)、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8和1.0 g/kg维生素E(含量50%)配制成1～6#饵料,在1～6#饵料中维生素E含量分别为68、175、268、364、482和562 mg/kg。在水温26～28℃下,用上述饵料分别投喂体重(21.18±13.31)g的黄颡鱼60 d,从相对增重率、饵料系数和成活率等方面来看,黄颡鱼饵料中维生素E适宜含量为268 mg/kg。 相似文献
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波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体的培育及其形态观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探索波纹龙虾(Panulirus homarus)幼体培育新方法,并系统描述其幼体形态特征.在室内以5种不同的饵料组合投喂波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体.结果表明,扁藻(Platymonas sp.) 卤虫(Artemia salina)组的存活率和变态率最高,到48 d后,幼体存活率达25%,并25%的幼体能顺利完成6次蜕皮;卤虫组、角毛藻(Chaetoceros sp.) 卤虫组的存活率和变态率较低,没有幼体能顺利完成4次蜕皮.对叶状幼体的形态特征进行观察,发现刚孵出和蜕皮1次的叶状幼体无眼柄,第2次蜕皮后开始出现眼柄,第3次蜕皮后开始出现第4步足,第5次蜕皮后开始出现第5步足,在随后的几次蜕皮后,第4步足明显增长,第9次蜕皮后第4步足出现带有羽状刚毛的外肢.以扁藻 卤虫作为饵料时,波纹龙虾早期叶状幼体培育效果较好,并获得了脱皮9次的叶状幼体. 相似文献
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Abstract – The diet overlap between young-of-the-year (YOY) perch and burbot in the pelagic zone of Lake Constance during spring and summer was investigated in relation to gape size limitation. Because perch were larger and grew faster than burbot during their early life history, perch overcame gape size limitation for various zooplankton taxa earlier than burbot. The interspecific diet overlap between perch and burbot decreased continuously until June, but increased slightly, when burbot became able to feed on large daphnids by the beginning of July. All zooplankton taxa could be found within perch stomachs by the middle of June, when perch overcame gape size limitation for large cladocerans. However, there was an increasing tendency for individual diet specialisation of perch, as the similarity between individual perch stomach contents decreased. In contrast, the similarity between individual burbot stomach contents remained at almost 50% until the end of August, indicating that all burbot rely on cyclopoid copepods during their entire pelagic life-history stage. Because by July YOY perch are more abundant by one order of magnitude in the pelagic zone than burbot, YOY perch may be more affected by intraspecific competition than by interspecific competition with burbot. Burbot, on the other hand, may evade strong competition with YOY perch by performing diel vertical migrations, thus being restricted to feed on migrating zooplankton prey. 相似文献
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翡翠贻贝幼虫饲料的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文介绍了翡翠贻贝幼虫饲料的研究成果。翡翠贻贝的受精卵在水温27．7—29．3℃，48小时就发育成早期直线绞合期幼虫，开始具有摄食食物的能力。此时以球藻为饲料的幼虫，其生长速度与不投饲料的相似，而活动能力反比不投饲料的差，至第7天就全部死亡；以扁藻为饲料的幼虫其早期生长也同不投饲的近似；以酵母的饲料的幼虫生长快，存活率高。但当发现到了壳顶幼虫期，以酵母为饲料的，生长发育慢，活动能力弱，死亡率高；以扁藻为饲料的生长发育快，但死亡率较高。对于壳顶期幼虫如果饲以酵母和扁藻的混合饲料，则生长速度同单独饲以扁藻的接近，但明显地能提高幼虫的活动能力和存活率。 相似文献
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L. T. N. HEINSBROEK 《Aquaculture Research》1989,20(1):119-127
Abstract. Some effects of husbandry and feeding on growth of glass eels and elvers of the European eel. Anguilla anguilla L., were investigated. In the first 7 months after arrival the recorded mortality amounted to 34% of the initial population. due to escapes and possibly cannibalism the observed survival after 7 months was only 21% of the initial population.
Mean growth rate of the whole population was 7.1 g day−1 kg−0.8 . Growth proved to be highly variable. Growth rate was clearly affected by feeding level but not by initial stocking density.
Maximum growth rate was approximately 8g day,1 kg−0.8 with feed conversions of 1.7–2.0. An optimal feeding level of 7.5g day1 kg−0.8 resulted in feed conversions of 1.3–1.6. 相似文献
Mean growth rate of the whole population was 7.1 g day
Maximum growth rate was approximately 8g day,
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Alireza Shiri Harzevili Inge Dooremont Inne Vught Johan Auwerx Paul Quataert & Daniel De Charleroy 《Aquaculture Research》2004,35(1):49-55
The burbot (Lota lota) is the only fresh water member of the cod family, Gadidae, and is adapted to cold waters. The effects of temperature and light on the growth and survival of burbot larvae were investigated under hatchery conditions. Three temperature regimes (12, 16 and 20°C) were applied under continuous light and darkness during the experiment. Rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus (L.) were fed to the larvae in the first 10 days and the diet was then replaced with Artemia nauplii. At the end of the feeding stage with rotifer, growth in terms of the total length and wet weight were larger at higher temperatures under continuous light. At day 10, survival rates of the fish held at 12°C under continuous light and darkness regime were higher than those held at 16°C and 20°C kept under the same conditions. From day 10 onwards, larval growth improved remarkably after changing the live food from rotifer to Artemia in all treatments. At the end of the study, the highest survival rate was recorded among the larvae held at 12°C exposed to continuous light. Under light condition, the temperature of 20°C did not result in an improved larval growth compared with 16°C. This may indicate that high temperature and continuous light are not beneficial for larval growth and survival when they reach older stage of development. The results indicate a significant interaction for the combination of temperature, light and time with respect to survival and wet weight, making unambiguous interpretation of the main effects difficult. 相似文献