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建立了兽用复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶片含量测定的高效液相色谱法(HPLC)。试验采用C18色谱柱,0.1%磷酸-乙腈(85∶15)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,进样量20μL,测定波长240 nm,柱温40℃。采用外标法定量计算磺胺对甲氧嘧啶和甲氧苄啶的含量。结果表明,磺胺对甲氧嘧啶在30～300μg/mL浓度范围内,其峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系(R~2=1),平均回收率为99.3%;甲氧苄啶在6～60μg/mL浓度范围内,其峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系(R~2=1),平均回收率为99.0%。HPLC方法有良好的精密度、稳定性,能够用于测定兽用复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶片各成分的含量,对该片剂的质量控制起到重要作用。 相似文献
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我场是一个年出栏商品猪20000头的大型集约化猪场。由于产房使用率高,饲养密度大,消毒时间短等原因,每年都有大量的哺乳仔猪感染黄白痢,故而断奶仔猪体重下降甚至死亡,造成重大的经济损失。笔者曾使用疫苗、氯霉素、土霉素、磺胺甲基嘧啶、磺胺脒、呋喃唑酮、环丙沙星等进行预防和治疗,均未能控制本病的发生、发展。后使用复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶发现有明显的预防和治疗效果,遂详细做了对比试验,现将结果报告如下。1 试验材料1.1 复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶为上海同仁有限公司上海兽药厂产品。10毫升内含:复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶(ＳＭＤ)1克,甲氧苄氨嘧啶… 相似文献
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采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究磺胺对甲氧嘧啶(SMD)和二甲氧苄啶(DVD)预混剂在白羽肉鸡体内各组织中的残留消除规律。对48只健康白羽肉鸡连续饲喂添加1 000mg/kg磺胺对甲氧嘧啶和二甲氧苄啶预混剂(含SMD 200mg,DVD 40mg)的全价饲料10d,在停药后4h,1、3、6、9、12、15d分别宰杀6只鸡,采集各组织进行药物残留测定。通过空白样品添加回收试验,所有基质中SMD和DVD的定量限分别为10μg/kg和5μg/kg,SMD和DVD分别在50、100、200μg/kg和25、50、100μg/kg 3个添加水平下的平均回收率为71.7%~102.3%,相对标准偏差为1.0%~11.9%。结果表明,磺胺对甲氧嘧啶和二甲氧苄啶预混剂在肾脏中残留量最高,肝脏其次;肌肉和皮脂中的残留量显著低于肝脏和肾脏,停药9d时,残留量低于药物残留限量。综合各组织中总残留量和最高残留限量规定,建议磺胺对甲氧嘧啶和二甲氧苄啶预混剂在鸡的休药期为7d。 相似文献
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为建立兽药复方磺胺嘧啶钠注射液含量测定的高效液相色谱测定法。采用流动相为0.1%的磷酸溶液-乙腈(85:15,V∶V),色谱柱为C18柱,柱温为40℃,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为240 nm。采用外标法进行定量。磺胺嘧啶钠的线性范围为12.5～200μg/mL,线性方程为Y=44.873X+11.999,r~2=1.000;甲氧苄啶的线性范围为2.5～40μg/mL,线性方程为Y=62.288X+4.0826,r~2=1.000,方法的线性关系良好,添加回收率均大于98%,RSD均小于2%。结果显示该方法简单、精确、可操作,可以用于测量复方磺胺嘧啶钠注射液中磺胺嘧啶钠与甲氧苄啶的含量。 相似文献
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建立了同时测定鸡组织中残留的磺胺对甲氧嘧啶(SMD)和二甲氧苄啶(DVD)了的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)。样品经乙腈提取,取部分提取液用正己烷脱脂后于氮气吹干,残渣用流动相溶解并定容后上机检测,外标法定量。采用C18色谱柱,流动相为乙腈和1mL/L甲酸水溶液。选择1个母离子和2个子离子进行反应监测,对磺胺对甲氧嘧啶和二甲氧苄啶残留进行定性,选择信号最强的子离子进行定量。结果显示,SMD和DVD分别在1ng/mL~200ng/mL和0.5ng/mL~100ng/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数R20.992。通过空白样品添加回收试验,所有基质中SMD和DVD的定量限分别为10μg/kg和5μg/kg,SMD和DVD分别在50、100、200μg/kg和25、50、100μg/kg 3个添加水平下的回收率为71.7%~115.0%,相对标准偏差为1.8%~13.2%,该方法定量限低,灵敏度高,重现性好,符合相关研究的要求。 相似文献
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采用标准加入法测定了猪肉中磺胺二甲嘧啶和磺胺二甲氧嘧啶残留量。样品经乙腈提取正己烷液液分配去脂净化后上机测定。色谱柱为C18(50mm×2.1mm,1.7μm),以乙腈-0.01mol/L乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子(ESI+)和多反应监测(MRM)模式测定,标准加入法定量。结果表明50、100、200μg/kg三个添加水平下,回收率在(71.79±1.20)%～(93.10±3.07)%之间。本方法可排除基质效应的影响,更为准确的测定猪肉中磺胺二甲嘧啶和磺胺二甲氧嘧啶残留量。 相似文献
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酶联免疫吸附法检测磺胺对甲氧嘧啶残留 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
用戊二醛法将磺胺对甲氧嘧啶 (SMD)与载体蛋白牛血清白蛋白 (BSA)偶联制备合成抗原 SMD- BSA用作免疫原 ,同法合成包被抗原 SMD- OVA(卵清蛋白 ) ,免疫家兔获得抗血清 ,用双向琼脂扩散试验和 EL ISA法对抗血清进行了定性定量测定。结果表明 ,抗血清特异性地针对 SMD,其效价为 1∶ 2 5 6 0。用所制备的抗血清建立了间接竞争EL ISA法。优选的 EL ISA的工作条件 :包被抗原最佳包被质量浓度为 5 0 mg/ L ,抗血清最佳稀释度为 1∶ 10 0 ,酶标抗体的最适工作稀释度为 1∶ 5 0 0。标准工作曲线表明 ,抗血清检测在 10～ 2 0 0 0 μg/ L 范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,超过2 0 0 0μg/ L则线性关系较差 ;该法检测底限为 6 3μg/ L ,低于国际规定残留限量 (10 0μg/ kg)和国内规定残留限量 (30 0μg/ kg)的要求。按建立的 EL ISA法测定了方法的回收率 ,无基础本底的牛奶样品回收率为 94 .7%。按药典剂量给鸡肌肉注射 SMD,连续注射 3d,在第 0～ 7天分别采血 ,按建立的 EL ISA方法测定了血清中的 SMD残留含量 相似文献
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利用磺胺喹恶啉和二甲氧苄氨嘧啶（ＤＶＤ）在酸性条件下溶解度不同,降低干扰组分磺胺喹恶啉的比例,再用双波长分光光度法消除其干扰,测定ＤＶＤ含量。浓度Ｃ与ΔＡ的线性关系良好,相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９９;平均回收率为９９．７％;变异系数ＣＶ＝０．５６％。 相似文献
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为了建立同时测定复方磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠粉中磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠和甲氧苄啶的高效液相色谱方法,试验采用了ECOSIL 120-5-C18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5.0 μm）色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1％磷酸溶液（20：80,V/V）为流动相进行洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为270 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为20 μL。结果表明,磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠和甲氧苄啶色谱峰峰型良好,均能达到完全分离;且在0.5～80 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好（R2>0.999）。精密度和稳定性等考察结果的相对标准偏差（RSD）均小于2.0％;而平均加样回收率均在98％～102％之间,RSD均小于2.0％,均符合方法学要求。采用建立的高效液相色谱法测定了5份供试品中磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠和甲氧苄啶的含量,结果均符合规定,且与原质量标准方法的测定结果无显著性差异。建立的高效液相色谱法能够用于定量测定磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠和甲氧苄啶的含量。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献