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为探究长山列岛邻近海域春、秋季鱼类群落的空间格局, 根据 2016 年 10 月、2017 年 5 月在长山列岛邻近海域获取的渔业资源与环境调查数据, 应用聚类分析和非度量多维标度分析等多元统计分析方法研究了该海域春季、秋季鱼类群落空间结构及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明, 该海域春、秋季调查共获鱼类 66 种, 隶属于 11 目 33 科 58 属, 其中春季 46 种, 秋季 52 种, 均以鲈形目(Perciformes)为主。春季的优势种为黄鮟鱇(Lophius litulon)、 方氏云鳚(Enedrias fangi)和大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)等; 鱼类群落在空间上可分为 2 个站位组, 站位组Ⅰ位于长山列岛以西, 站位组Ⅱ位于长山列岛附近及其东部海域; 底层水温是影响春季鱼类群落空间结构的主要环境因素; 各站位组内的主要典型种如黄鮟鱇和赤鼻棱鳀(Thryssa kammalensis)等存在明显的空间分布差异。秋季的优势种为小眼绿鳍鱼(Chelidonichthys spinosus)、黄鮟鱇和褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)等; 鱼类群落在空间上可分为 2 个站位组, 站位组 I 位于远离长山列岛的东部及西部海域, 站位组 II 则围绕长山列岛分布; 水深和底层水温是影响秋季鱼类群落空间结构的主要环境因素, 黄鮟鱇、褐牙鲆和许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)等主要典型种存在着围绕长山列岛分布的趋势。在水温的驱动下春季各站位组的主要典型种空间分布不同, 鱼类群落空间结构表现出较强的异质性; 秋季由于主要典型种的空间分布差异而呈现出环长山列岛和远离长山列岛的鱼类群落空间格局。 相似文献
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马鞍列岛及其东部海域鱼类群落格局与环境因子之间的关系 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为探究岛礁海域渔业资源群落格局,于2016年8月、12月及2017年2月和5月对马鞍列岛及其东部海域进行了渔业资源季度调查。利用聚类分析、非度量多维标度(nMDS)和生物环境相关分析(BIOENV)等方法,对该海域的鱼类群落组成、时空动态及其与环境因子的相关性进行了研究。共采集鱼类96种,隶属于12目47科77属,其中鲈形目占比最大,其生物量和丰度占比均超过50%。龙头鱼为全年优势种,春季优势种包括刺鲳、黑鳃梅童鱼和宽体舌鳎;夏季优势种为小黄鱼、带鱼和六丝矛尾虾虎鱼;秋季和冬季优势种相同,为棘头梅童鱼和凤鲚。聚类分析和nMDS结果显示,马鞍列岛及其东部海域鱼类群落可分为站位组I (岛礁周围站点为主)、站位组II (邻近岛礁站点为主)和站位组III (远离岛礁站点为主)。除春季站位组I与站位组III、站位组II与站位组III外,鱼类群落种类组成在各季节不同站位组之间皆存在显著差异。BIOENV分析显示,在底层水温、底层盐度和水深3个因素中,底层水温对鱼类群落影响最大。 相似文献
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为探究辽东湾鱼类群落结构的季节变化特征,于2020年5月(春季)、8月(夏季)和10月(秋季)在该海域进行了3个航次的底拖网调查,据此分析辽东湾鱼类种类组成、优势种、多样性和群落空间结构随季节变化的情况,并计算群落季节更替与迁移指数,建立鱼类群落丰度-生物量比较曲线。调查结果显示：辽东湾春、夏、秋3个季节共捕获鱼类58种,其中春季34种、夏季49种、秋季46种;优势种春季为短吻红舌鳎、黄鲫和皮氏叫姑鱼,夏季为矛尾虾虎鱼、短吻红舌鳎、白姑鱼、皮氏叫姑鱼和斑鱼祭,秋季为矛尾虾虎鱼、短吻红舌鳎、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼、黄鲫和皮氏叫姑鱼;鱼类群落的多样性指数为1.34～1.63,丰富度指数为1.44～1.68,均匀度指数为0.60～0.64;辽东湾鱼类可分为3个群落类型,靠近湾顶的北部近岸浅滩水域群落、辽东湾中南部深水区群落和辽东湾湾口深水区群落,其中春季和夏季可分为3个群落组,秋季分为2个群落组;鱼类群落的空间分布在春、夏季与底层温度相关性系数最高(春季R=0.270、夏季R=0.408),在秋季与水深相关系数最高(秋季R=0.376);丰度-生物量比较曲线结果显示,辽东湾鱼类丰度优势度曲线均位于生... 相似文献
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基于2012年8月(夏季)和11月(秋季)、2013年1月(冬季)和5月(春季)长江口及其邻近海域的渔业底拖网调查数据,对渔业种类组成、数量分布、群落多样性及其与环境因子的关系进行了研究。结果显示,共捕获渔业种类114种,隶属于17目66科90属,其中鱼类12目36科50属58种,鲈形目种类最多(26种),甲壳类2目25科33属49种,头足类仅3目5科6属7种。长江口及其邻近海域渔业资源优势种季节更替明显,仅龙头鱼(Harpodon nehereus)为全年优势种。秋季平均单位网次渔获量最高(29.20 kg/h·net),春季(17.95 kg/h·net)高于夏季(14.60 kg/h·net),冬季最低(10.15 kg/h·net),各季节均以底层鱼类和甲壳类为主,中上层鱼类渔获量仅春季较高,占总渔获量20.1%。春、夏季群落多样性指数较秋、冬季高,春季(163)和夏季(176)渔业资源群落更替指数较高,群落稳定性较低,夏季(6)和冬季(–5)迁移指数接近于零,渔业生物迁入和迁出处于相对平衡状态。各季节渔获种类数和总渔获量分别与底层鱼类和甲壳类渔获量呈极显著正相关;秋季渔获种类数与表层温度呈显著正相关,与深度呈极显著正相关。长江口及其邻近海域渔业低质种类呈增加趋势,并且渔业资源结构存在明显的季节变化,渔获种类数、总渔获量及群落多样性指数与表层温度及深度关系密切。 相似文献
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人类活动对大亚湾海域鱼类群落多样性及其演替的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
根据2015—2016年间对大亚湾海域进行的4个航次底拖网调查数据,分析了大亚湾鱼类群落的种类组成和多样性特征。结果表明,调查共采集到鱼类131种,隶属14目、53科、84属。其中以鲈形目(Perciformes)占绝对优势(54.20%),其次是鳗鲡目(Agunilliformes)和鲽形目(Pleuronectiformes),均占9.92%。种类数具明显季节变化,以夏季最高,69种;春季最低,32种。鱼类群落优势种组成主要以二长棘犁齿鲷(Evynnis cardinalis)、李氏(Callionymus richardsoni)、斑(Clupanodon punctatus)、竹荚鱼(Trachurus japonicus)、黄鳍马面鲀(Thamnaconus hypargyreus)、短吻鲾(Leiognathus brevirostris)和细条天竺鲷(Apogon lineatus)等小型鱼类为主。多样性分析显示,鱼类物种多样性存在明显的季节差异和空间差异。季节变化上,多样性指数(H')季节变化范围为1.516~1.998,以冬季最高,秋季最低;均匀度指数(J')季节变化范围为0.494~0.869,以冬季最高,夏季最低;丰富度指数(D')季节变化范围为2.230~3.777,以夏季最高,秋季最低。典范对应分析表明,温度、盐度和水深是影响大亚湾海域鱼类群落结构的主要环境因子。空间分布上,海湾中部海域鱼类多样性水平高于沿岸海域。与历史资料相比,由于人类活动对大亚湾生态系统的干扰,鱼类群落结构发生了较大变化,优势种组成更替明显,多样性水平降低,鱼类群落结构趋向简单化。 相似文献
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北部湾东北部游泳生物资源现状 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2009年至2010年对北部湾东北部海域游泳生物调查研究表明,该海域共有游泳生物300种,其中鱼类有209种（硬骨鱼类205种,软骨鱼类4种）,隶属15目、70科、119属;甲壳类76种;头足类15种。底层鱼类100种,近底层鱼类72种,中上层鱼类29种,岩礁性鱼类8种,分别占鱼类总数的47．85％,34．45％,13．87％和3．83％。暖水性鱼类153种,暖温性鱼类55种,冷温性鱼类1种,分别占鱼类总数的73．20％,26．32％和0．48％。游泳生物种类数季节变化为夏季〉秋季〉春季〉冬季;资源密度指数季节变化为夏季〉秋季〉春季〉冬季;渔业资源密度随季节变化为夏季〉秋季〉春季〉冬季,渔业资源年平均资源密度为522．925kg·km^-2,约相当于该海域原始渔业资源密度的1／10;生物多样性指数以夏、秋季最高。估算了北部湾东北部海域潜在渔业资源量为1．092×10^5t·a^-1,最大可捕量为5．460×10^4t·a^-1。比较了北部湾渔业资源的历史变动情况,对渔业资源的进一步养护和管理提出了建议。 相似文献
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辽东湾北部海域鱼类群落结构及多样性 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
根据2006年夏季(8月)、冬季(11月)和2007年春季(4月)、秋季(10月)在辽东湾北部海域进行的底拖网调查数据,应用相对重要性指数(IRI)、生物多样性指数和多元分析方法等研究了辽东湾北部海域鱼类群落结构特征及季节变化。结果表明:本次调查共出现鱼类39种,隶属于8目23科35属,种类组成以暖温性和暖水性鱼类为主。优势种有较明显的季节更替,季节性优势种包括矛尾虾虎鱼、斑尾复虾虎鱼、小黄鱼、梭鱼、印度鲬、大银鱼和黄,无四季共有优势种,季节性优势种组成较1998年发生较大变化。鱼类群落多样性指数季节变化范围分别为Margaler物种丰富度指数D(0.40～1.69)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H'(0.39～1.45)、Pielou物种均匀度指数J'(0.43～0.75),方差分析表明,3种多样性指数的季节变化差异显著。单因子相似性分析(AONSIM)表明鱼类群落结构存在明显的季节更替现象。相似性百分比分析(SIMPER)表明,小黄鱼、矛尾虾虎鱼、斑尾复虾虎鱼、斑、黄、梭鱼、印度鲬、蓝点马鲛、横带高鳍虾虎鱼、焦氏舌鳎是造成鱼类群落结构季节变化的主要分歧种。鱼类群落结构与环境因子的相关分析和BVSTEP分析表明,水温是影响辽东湾北部海域鱼类群落结构季节变化的主要环境因素。本研究可为渔业生物多样性保护和渔业资源可持续利用提供科学依据。 相似文献
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根据2012年1月(冬季)、4月(春季)、8月(夏季)、11月(秋季)在北部湾西北部广西近海4个航次的渔业资源调查资料,进一步结合同步测定的水文情况,探讨北部湾西北部广西近海的鱼类资源分布特征和季节变化及其影响因素。调查结果表明,该调查海域共鉴定鱼类125种,鱼类资源质量密度夏季(402.46kg/km^2)>春季(343.22kg/km^2)>秋季(145.13kg/km^2)>冬季(53.99kg/km^2);尾数密度春季(84.34×10~3尾/km^2)>夏季(51.54×10~3尾/km^2)>秋季(26.53×10~3尾/km^2)>冬季(16.81×10~3尾/km^2);平均体长、体质量分别在春季和夏季最大,分别为7.15cm和7.65g;幼体比在夏季最高,为85.86%。从时间上看,春、夏季的鱼类资源密度大于秋、冬季,从空间上看,沿岸水域的资源密度大于近海水域,这与该水域各水团随季节变化的消长密切相关。依据相对重要性指数确定各季节的优势种,二长棘鲷是夏季最重要的优势种,同时也是春、夏、秋3季的共有优势种。通过贡献率β值可知,该区域鱼类总密度变化与主要优势种变化关系密切,且调查海域多为规格较小的幼鱼,其为北部湾渔场重要的产卵场、育幼场和索饵场,对整个北部湾鱼类资源的补充具有重要的作用。 相似文献
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岱衢洋鱼类资源及其群落多样性的季节变化 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
根据2010年春季(5月)、夏季(8月)、秋季(11月)与2011年冬季(2月)对岱衢洋进行的共4个航次的底拖网渔业资源调查资料, 对该海域的鱼类资源状况及其多样性进行了分析, 结果表明: 所捕获的38种鱼分别隶属于1门2纲8目21科31属; 暖温性鱼类无论在种类数量还是生物量与尾数密度方面均居主导地位; 凤鲚四季均为该海域的优势种; 在时间分布上, 生物量与资源尾数密度均以夏季为最高, 而冬季则恰好相反, 且该两季的生物量与资源尾数密度间均存在显著差异(P<0.05), 另外, 在空间分布上, 生物量与尾数密度四季总体上均呈北高南低、东高西低的趋势; 生物量与平均底层温度呈二次曲线相关(P<0.01); 春、秋两季的Margalef丰富度指数( D )、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数( H' )和Pielou均匀度指数( J' )均存在显著差异(P<0.05); 与东海近、外海海域鱼类群落的多样性比较, 岱衢洋的Shannon- Wiener多样性指数( H' )较低。 相似文献
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春秋季台州湾海域鱼类资源的时空分布特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究浙江近岸河口海域鱼类资源分布的时空变化特征,利用2010年4月(春季)和10月(秋季)鱼山渔场台州湾海域底拖网游泳动物资源调查资料,分析了台州湾鱼类资源量的时空分布特征和优势种、温度、盐度、水深等因素对鱼类资源量和分布的影响。结果发现,鱼类尾数密度和质量密度变化趋势一致,秋季鱼类质量密度和尾数密度均远远高于春季;春季调查海域鱼类密度北部高于南部,秋季截然相反。回归分析显示,两季优势种对鱼类资源量变化均有密切关系,其中,龙头鱼对鱼类资源量的贡献率明显高于其他物种,两季均为第一优势种。调查海域底层温度与鱼类质量密度和尾数密度均呈显著的正相关关系(PW=0.001,PN=0.009),水深与资源量相关关系不显著(Pw=0.067,PN=0.051),春季20 m以内水深鱼类资源量较高,而秋季密度高值区水深均大于20 m。研究表明,台州湾海域春秋季鱼类资源密度季节变化明显,空间差异显著,底层水温是主要影响因素。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
16.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
17.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
18.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Qin-Cheng Huang Di‐Gen Qin Bei‐Ping Tan Tao Du Yuan-Zhi Yang Qi-hui Yang Shu‐Yan Chi Xiao-hui Dong 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):816-827
A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg. 相似文献