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1.
闽东北外海光掌蟳数量分布及其生物学特点 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据2008年5月、8月、11月和2009年2月在闽东北外海海域(26°00′~28°00′N、120°00′~125°30′E)开展的蟹类资源调查资料,结合1998~1999年各季度月调查资料,研究分析该海区光掌蟳数量分布变化及其渔业生物学特点。结果表明:光掌蟳在本调查海区分布范围较广,出现频率为39.7%,其渔获量占蟹类总渔获量的19.6%,渔获量平均密度指数为5.91 kg/km2,低于1998~1999年调查的渔获量平均密度指数。春、夏季分布范围相对广泛,其渔获量占年总渔获量的80%,秋、冬季数量很少。两次调查时空分布略有不同,1998~1999年渔获量、出现频率、平均资源密度指数最高值均出现在夏季,2008~2009年则出现于春季;主要分布密集区域为26°30′~27°45′N、123°00′~125°00′E的水深95~110 m海域,在80 m以内海域没有分布;渔获群体甲宽组成27~106 mm,优势甲宽50~70 mm,占48.8%,雌雄性个体有明显的差异,各季雄性个体均大于雌性;雌性性腺成熟度以Ⅱ期和V期为主,分别占42.7%和29.1%,春、夏、秋季均出现V期亲体,尤以夏季比例最高;摄食等级以1级为主,占36.2%,平均摄食等级为1.31。近十年来群体组成变化不大,但要加强对光掌蟳资源的合理利用和保护。 相似文献
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本文根据1998年5月(春)、8月(夏)、11月(秋)和1999年2月(冬)在闽东北外海(26°00′~28°00′N,120°00′~125°30′E)的蟹类资源调查资料,结合近年相关渔业调查资料,研究分析了该渔场蟹类的种类组成、地理和区系分布及其数量分布的特点。初步鉴定该渔场蟹类有63种,隶属13科、38属,以热带和亚热带暖水性种为主,属印度—西太平洋区系中的中—日亚区,与南海关系最为密切,而与黄、渤海关系较为疏远。蟹类群体分布遍及整个调查海区,但时空分布差异明显,主要位于调查海区东南部和沿27°45′N一带海域,渔获量平均资源密度指数以夏季最高,达276.8kg.km-2,秋季最低,仅为40.1kg.km-2;同时蟹类数量分布与水深有较大的关系,以水深100~120m海域数量最大,这与主要种类细点圆趾蟹的分布海域区域明显相关;具有开发利用价值的经济种类约十几种,其渔获量约占蟹类总渔获量83%,在渔业中占主导地位的为细点圆趾蟹、光掌蟳、锈斑蟳和武士蟳等。 相似文献
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根据1998年5月~1999年2月在闽东北外海26°00′~28°00′N,125°30′E以西海域的虾类资源调查资料,分析了假长缝拟对虾(Parapenaeus fissuroides)的数量时空分布和生物学特性。结果表明:假长缝拟对虾平均资源密度指数以春季最高,达3.52 kg/h,秋季、冬季和夏季均较低,分别为2.00 kg/h、1.86 kg/h和1.75 kg/h。密集区主要分布在26°30′~28°00′N,121°30′~124°00′E,水深80~100m一带海域,26°30′以南资源密度较低。假长缝拟对虾体长分布范围为55~121mm,平均体长为82.3mm,雌性个体平均体长84.9mm,雄性为78.6mm,雌性个体明显大于雄性个体。雌性初次性成熟个体最小体长为83mm,体重为5.5g,大量性成熟体长范围为91~110mm,体重范围为8.0~12.0g。目前该海域假长缝拟对虾资源尚具一定利用潜力。 相似文献
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根据1998年5、8、11月和1999年2月在闽东北外海26°00′~28°00′N,120°00′~125°30′E的虾类调查资料,研究分析了该海域高脊管鞭虾(Solenoceraalticarinata)数量分布及生物学特征。结果表明:5、8、11和2月调查海域高脊管鞭虾平均密度指数分别为34·7、13·8、4·55和2·89kg·km-2;其数量分布具有明显的季节性,以5和8月数量为多,11和2月数量较少;分布区域以调查海域的东北部水域为主,以27°00′~28°00′N,122°30′~124°30′E水深80~100m海域数量为多;渔获体长范围为41~129mm,优势体长组为80~100mm,占44·7%,雌虾个体明显大于雄性个体,雌虾平均体重为12·0g,雄虾平均体重为8·3g,雌雄性比为1:0·66,生殖盛期为8~11月,不同季节和性别摄食强度没有明显差异。 相似文献
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东海南部海域蟹类种类组成及其数量分布 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
主要根据1998~1999年和2008~2009年在东海南部海域(26°00′~28°00′N、120°00′~125°30′E)开展的各季度月蟹类资源调查资料及1989~1990年在福建东北外海渔业资源调查等相关资料,研究分析该海区蟹类的种类组成、数量分布及主要渔获种类的变化特点。结果表明,该海区蟹类有66种,隶属于15科,39属;2008~2009年东海南部海域蟹类数量明显比1998~1999年减少,蟹类占总渔获量的比重下降9.8个百分点,平均资源密度指数减少36.2%;两次调查蟹类数量均以春季和夏季为高,但主要渔获种类不同,1998~1999年细点圆趾蟹渔获量占绝对优势,而2008~2009年细点圆趾蟹数量降幅最大,资源密度很低,光掌蟳、双斑蟳数量明显增多,取代了细点圆趾蟹成为最主要的渔获种类,其余种类如卷折馒头蟹、银光梭子蟹、武士蟳等所占比例变化不大;2008~2009年蟹类主要分布区域与1998~1999年不同,在海区内侧水深60 m以内海域数量分布较多,这与主要渔获种类双斑蟳分布海域范围关系密切;细点圆趾蟹资源量明显减少的原因有待以进一步调查和研究。 相似文献
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方头鱼属暖水性底层鱼类,据记载中国有4种。本文报导的是1998年8月-2004年6月在27°00′~34°00′N、128°00′E以西海域深水流网作业捕捞的日本方头鱼(Branchiostegus japonious)和白方头鱼(Branchiostegusalbus)混合群体的生物学特性和资源状况。本海域方头鱼捕捞群体体长范围100~390mm,平均体长223.9mm。体重范围30~1470g,平均体重231.5g,捕捞群体1~9龄,以1~3龄为主,体长与体重关系呈幂函数曲线增长,雄鱼平均体长、体重比同龄雌鱼大,但肥满度雌鱼略高。捕捞群体雌、雄比例接近1∶1.2。浙江近海有产卵场,主要产卵期在4-8月。方头鱼属广食性肉食性鱼类,在繁殖期间不停食。本海域的日本方头鱼主群分布在126°00′E以东海域,白方头鱼主群分布在124°00′E以西海域,124°00′~126°00′E为混栖区域。方头鱼在深水流网作业渔获总重量中约占30%,居其它种类之首。目前方头鱼资源虽未见明显衰败,但与早期比较,其产量占深水流网总渔获量比重已明显下降。因此,必须合理利用,保护该种资源维持相对稳定。 相似文献
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为进一步了解江苏海域小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)时空分布特征及相关规律,根据2017——2018年共4个季度在江苏海域(31°45′N～35°00′N、119°30′E～125°00′E)进行的渔业资源调查数据,对该海域小黄鱼时空分布规律及生物学特征进行研究。结果如下：1)秋季与冬季小黄鱼经过夏季索饵育肥,平均体长(秋季103.04 mm,冬季96.20 mm)、平均体质量(秋季19.62 g,冬季16.35 g)均达到全年高值;春季样品性腺成熟度最高,36.1%的样本仍处于产卵期,冬季次之;摄食等级方面,春、秋季小黄鱼摄食等级高于夏、冬季;性比方面,4个季节及年度间雌雄比例变化不大且雄鱼数量多于雌鱼。2)江苏海域小黄鱼春季产卵场主要位于长江口以北邻近海域(32°00′N～33°15′N、121°30′E～122°15′E),夏季索饵场主要分布于大沙渔场南侧(32°00′N～33°00′N、123°00′E～124°30′E)及吕四渔场北部外侧海域(33°30′N～34°00′N、121°30′E～122°00′E),秋季索饵场位于连青石渔场东南侧海域(34°... 相似文献
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闽东外海细点圆趾蟹数量分布及生物学特性 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
本文根据 1998年 5月～ 1999年 2月闽东北外海虾蟹类资源探捕调查资料 ,报道了闽东北外海细点圆趾蟹的数量分布和生物学特性。结果表明 :细点圆趾蟹的时空分布差异很大。从时间上看 ,夏季资源密度指数最高 ,达 10 .17kg/h ,秋季资源密度指数为最低 ,仅 0 .0 5kg/h ;从分布海域看 ,主要分布在 2 6°0 0′～2 7°0 0′N ,12 2°0 0′～ 12 3°0 0′E ,水深 10 0～ 12 0m一带海域。研究结果还表明 ,细点圆趾蟹甲宽范围为 2 5～12 5mm ,平均甲宽为 84 .6mm ,雌性个体平均甲宽 75 .2mm ,雄性为 90 .1mm ,雄性个体明显大于雌性个体。雌性初次性成熟个体最小甲宽为 6 3mm ,体重为 76g ,大量性成熟甲宽范围为 75～ 90mm ,体重范围为 95～115g。目前该海区细点圆趾蟹资源状况尚好 ,可供进一步开发利用。 相似文献
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根据2008年5月、8月、11月和2009年2月在闽东北外海海域(26°00’～28°00’N、120°00’～125°30’E)开展的虾类资源调查资料,研究分析了该海域鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeus curvirostris)数量的时空分布及生物学特性。结果表明:闽东北外海鹰爪虾群体数量分布随着季节、海域的不同差异很大。8月群体数量最多,其渔获量占周年渔获量的60.2%,平均密度指数为614.5 g/h和144.7 ind/h;5月群体数量极少。鹰爪虾群体主要分布于近海,水深60 m以内海域的渔获量占周年渔获量65.8%,平均密度指数达1119.2 g/h和214.7 ind/h;水深大于80 m的海域群体数量很少。鹰爪虾体长分布范围为47～120 mm,优势体长组60～85 mm,占68.6%,平均体长为74.1 mm,雌虾与雄虾个体大小差异悬殊,雌虾平均体重为6.4 g,雄虾平均体重仅为3.2 g;雌雄性比差异也很大,为1:0.42;雌性性腺成熟度以Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期为主,分别占44.7%和43.8%;摄食强度中等,以1级为主,占50.9%;调查海区年平均资源量684 t。 相似文献
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东海区沙海蜇的动态分布 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
根据2003~2005年6月和9月东海区中、北部海域沙海蜇(Stomolophus meleagris)的监测结果,分析沙海蜇的生物量、分布、栖息环境及其与海水温度、盐度间的关系,调查范围为29°00′~34°00′N,127°00′E以西至机轮底拖网禁渔区线。结果表明,2003年6月~2005年6月,沙海蜇出现样点内的平均生物量分别为1 555 kg/h、1 139 kg/h、839 kg/h。2003年9月~2005年9月沙海蜇出现样点内的平均生物量分别为7 144 kg/h、2 292 kg/h、608 kg/h。2003~2005年6月和9月,东海区沙海蜇均呈现生物量逐年降低、分布海域面积逐年减少、分布区逐年往北偏移的趋势。6月,东海区沙海蜇分布区内的表层温度为17~25℃,底层温度为10~19℃,表层盐度为23~33,底层盐度为31~34.5;6月最适生存的表层温度为17~21℃,底层温度为15~18℃,表层盐度为28~32,底层盐度31~32.5。沙海蜇为偏冷水性,高盐种类。在春、夏季黄海冷水团势力强的年份,沙海蜇的发生和危害程度严重;而在春、夏季长江冲淡水势力强的年份,沙海蜇的发生较少,分布偏北。[中国水产科学,2007,14(1):83-89] 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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