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1.
To develop a new DNA maker, which could be used in genetic diversity analysis and genetic map construction in plants, IT-ISJ （intron targeted intron-exon splice junction） primer combinations, which were designed according to the intronexon splice junction conserved sequences, were used to construct cotton genetic linkage map in the present study. 49 out of 704 IT-ISJ primer combinations showed polymorphism between upland cotton high quality cultivar Yumian 1 and multiple dominant gene line T586, and the polymorphic primer combinations accounted for 7.0% of total primer combinations. 49 IT-ISJ primer combinations were used to genotype 270 F2：7 recombinant inbred lines developed from （Yumian 1 × T586） F2, and 58 IT-ISJ loci were obtained. 58 IT-ISJ, together with 150 SSR and 8 morphological loci, were used to conduct linkage analysis, and a linkage map including 22 linkage groups and 113 loci （49 IT-ISJ, 62 SSR, and 2 morphological loci） was constructed. The linkage map covered 714.5 cM with an average interval of 6.3 cM between two markers, accounting for 16.1% of cotton genome. The present study demonstrated that the polymorphism of IT-ISJ marker is high, and it could be effectively applied in plant genetic map construction.  相似文献   

2.
The property of starch in rice grain endosperm is a very important determinant for rice quality, and it is essential to understand the genetic effect of the genes related to starch synthesis in high-yielding rice varieties for rice quality improvement. The physicochemical properties （e.g., amylose content, gel consistency, and RVA profile） were assessed on 53 rice varieties, including certain typical indica/japonica landraces and certain high-yielding modern varieties. And molecular markers for Sbel, Sbe3 developed on the basis of sequence diversities between the rice subspecies indica and japonica, together with PCR-Acc I marker for Wx gene were used to investigate the genotypes of 53 rice cultivars. The result showed that the developed molecular markers for Wx, Sbel, Sbe3 could distinguish indica or japonica alleles at three loci. Among all the 53 rice cultivars, six genotypes were observed when Sbel, Sbe3, and Wx loci were considered together, while the genotypes of WxiSbelJSbe3i and WxiSbelJSbe3J were absent. In order to explore the genetic effects of the three genes, especially for starch branching enzyme genes, ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis were conducted. The results showed that rice cultivars with different genotypes exhibited different phenotypes, including amylose content, gel consistency and certain RVA characteristics, and the significant differences among the six genotypes were observed. It was concluded that these three genes had randomly recombined during the process of the rice variety development. And the genetic effects of indica and japonica alleles at three gene loci were different, of which, Wx gene plays a major role in determining the starch properties, followed by Sbel and Sbe3, and the genetic effects of Sbel and Sbe3 in different backgrounds （Wx~, WxJ） are different. The results have provided a clue for rice good quality variety development, and the molecular markers will benefit to the improvement in quality of rice.  相似文献   

3.
Genetic variation and patterns of genetic differentiation of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), from the South China were analyzed using 6 microsatellite markers and two partial mtDNA (cox1 and cox2) regions. All of the 6 microsatellite loci were polymorphic in the studied seven populations. The allelic richness per population ranged between 5.67 and 14.00, and average H E and H O values were 0.6246-0.8329 and 0.2634-0.6061, respectively. As the mitochondrial genome is a single genetic locus, we only present results for the concatenated data set (cox1 plus cox2 gene sequences, 513 bp). The concatenated data showed high level of genetic diversity and there are 23 variable polymorphic sites among the 513 sites in concatenated data. Nearly all of (20 of 21) pairwise F ST comparisons among populations showed genetic differentiation with moderate to high pairwise F ST values based on microsatellite markers. However, for the mtDNA data, most of the seven populations did not show significant differentiation with other populations. The differences of population differentiation obtained with the two different genetic markers could be mainly attributed to the different mutation rates of microsatellite and mtDNA. There was not genetic structure existed in these studied populations based on microsatellite loci and mtDNA data. The analysis based on network, mismatch distribution, Tajima’s D and F S indicated that the studied populations were from the recent same ancestor or the same refuge and followed by a sudden demographic expansion condition.  相似文献   

4.
The common cutworm, Spodoptera litura(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a voracious agricultural pest. To increase understanding of the migration patterns and genetic diversity of different geographic populations of this species, we analyzed genetic variation in nine microsatellite loci among 576 individuals collected from 17 locations in China and one in Myanmar during 2011–2012. We successfully identified 162 alleles, with an average of 18 alleles per locus and a range of 5 to 34. The mean observed heterozygosity of the 18 populations ranged from 0.18 to 0.98, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.19 to 0.89. For the nine microsatellite markers studied, polymorphism information content ranged from 0.18 to 0.88(mean=0.64). We found low genetic differentiation among the 18 populations(mean F-statistics(F_(ST))=0.05) and high genetic diversity among individuals. Principle coordinates analysis indicated no significant correlation between geographic and genetic distance(r=0.04). The value of N_m(N_m4) estimated using coalescent-based methods suggests strong gene flow with migration. The nine microsatellite markers identified in this study will be beneficial for further investigation of migration patterns and genetic diversity in S. litura.  相似文献   

5.
Molecular genetic maps of crop species can be used in a variety of ways in breeding and genomic research such as identification and mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for morphological, physiological and economic traits of crop species. However, a comprehensive genetic linkage map for cultivated peanut has not yet been developed due to the extremely low frequency of DNA polymorphism in cultivated peanut. In this study, 142 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from a cross between Yueyou 13 and Zhenzhuhei were used as mapping population in peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.）. A total 652 pairs of genomic-SSR primer and 392 pairs of EST-SSR primer were used to detect the polymorphisms between the two parents. 141 SSR primer pairs, 127 genomic-SSR and 14 EST-SSR ones, which can be used to detect polymorphisms between the two parents, were selected to analyze the RILs population. Thus, a linkage genetic map which consists of 131 SSR loci in 20 linkage groups, with a coverage of 679 cM and an average of 6.12 cM of inter-maker distance was constructed. The putative functions of 12 EST-SSR markers located on the map were analyzed. Eleven showed homology to gene sequences deposited in GenBank. This is the first report of construction of a comprehensive genetic map with SSR markers in peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.）. The map presented here will provide a genetic framework for mapping the qualitative and quantitative trait in peanut.  相似文献   

6.
Maintenance and management of genetic diversity of farm animal genetic resources (AnGR) is very important for biological, socioeconomical and cultural significance. The core concern of conservation for farm AnGR is the retention of genetic diversity of conserved populations in a long-term perspective. However, numerous factors may affect evolution of genetic diversity of a conserved population. Among those factors, the genetic architecture of conserved populations is little considered in current conservation strategies. In this study, we investigated the dynamic changes of genetic diversity of conserved populations with two scenarios on initial genetic architectures by computer simulation in which thirty polymorphic microsatellite loci were chosen to represent genetic architecture of the populations with observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He), observed and mean effective number of alleles (Ao and Ae), number of polymorphic loci (NP) and the percentage of polymorphic loci (PP), number of rare alleles (RA) and number of non-rich polymorphic loci (NRP) as the estimates of genetic diversity. The two scenarios on genetic architecture were taken into account, namely, one conserved population with same allele frequency (AS) and another one with actual allele frequency (AA). The results showed that the magnitude of loss of genetic diversity is associated with genetic architecture of initial conserved population, the amplitude of genetic diversity decline in the context AS was more narrow extent than those in context AA, the ranges of decline of Ho and Ao were about 4 and 2 times in AA compared with that in AS, respectively, the occurrence of first monomorphic locus and the time of change of measure NP in scenario AA is 20 generations and 23 generations earlier than that in scenario AS, respectively. Additionally, we found that NRP, a novel measure proposed by our research group, was a proper estimate for monitoring the evolution of genetic diversity in a closed conserved population. Our study suggested that current managements of conserved populations should emphasize on initial genetic architecture in order to make an effective and feasible conservation scheme.  相似文献   

7.
We used microsatellite markers to investigate the genetic parameters of three different polyploidy populations of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus from Honghu City, Hubei Province. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis banding patterns of diploid（2n）, triploid（3n） and tetraploid loaches（4n） were analyzed with Pop Gen software. A total of 68 alleles were obtained from seven microsatellite loci and the polymorphism information content（PIC） indices were all above 0.5. The average expected mean heterozygosity values（He） were 0.8420, 0.7186 and 0.8521; the average observed mean heterozygosity values（Ho） were 0.9674, 0.9785 and 0.8928; and the HardyWeinberg P values were 0.3078, 0.3151 and 0.3762, for diploid, triploid and tetraploid individuals, respectively. The results indicated that the three populations were highly polymorphic, with no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium observed at all the seven microsatellite loci. This indicated a high level of genetic diversity within the populations. A cluster analysis diagram showed that the shortest genetic distance was between diploid and tetraploid loaches and they shared a close phylogenetic relationship. The triploid and tetraploid individuals had the most distant phylogenetic relationship.  相似文献   

8.
[Objective] The research aimed to provide the genetic basis for the protection, development and utilization of Guizhou local pig breeds. [Method] From 27 pairs of porcine microsatellite primers recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG), six pairs (S0155, SW240, IGF1, SW951, SW857, SW24) were selected for microsatellite DNA detection of three Guizhou local pig breeds, including Nuogu Pig, Kele Pig and Guanling Pig. Subsequently, their genetic diversities were analyzed. [Result] The three pig breeds were high polymorphic at the six microsatellite loci (PIC>0.5). The Nei's standard genetic distance of them was 0.206 3-0.481 5. The genetic distance between Nuogu Pig and Kele Pig was the closest, and that between Nuogu Pig and Guanling Pig was the furthest. [Conclusion] The three Guizhou local pig breeds are in high genetic diversities. Nuogu Pig is a special type of Kele Pig, an excellent Chinese local pig breed.  相似文献   

9.
Twelve fluorescence-labeled microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds to determine the relationship and origin of Chinese domestic duck breeds. Gene frequency, effective number of alleles （Ne）, expected heterozygosity （He）, polymorphism information contents （PIC）, inbreeding coefficient in population （Fis）, standard genetic distance （Ds）, and genetic distance （DA） were calculated by FSTAT and distance and phylogenetic analysis after the dates which were output from the Microsatellite-Toolkit software. Genetic distances between 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds were analyzed by variance analysis. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA） and phylogenetic trees used for cluster analysis were structured. The results indicated that 11 loci had medium- or high-level genetic diversity among the 12 loci, which could be efficiently used in the detection of the genetic parameters of each population. The values of He were 0.5414 to 0.7343, those of PIC proved similar, and those of Fis were 0.1101 to 0.3381 among all populations. All breeds were clustered into three groups by UPGMA phylogenetic trees. Banzui duck was clustered into a separate group. Differences of the DA were analysed by t-test. The results showed that difference in DA between the 12 domestic duck breeds and Lvtou duck and the Banzui duck were very significant （P〈0.01）, indicating that these 12 domestic duck breeds originated from Lvtou wild duck, but not Banzui duck.  相似文献   

10.
A large numbers of samples of wild soybean accessions and cultivated soybean landraces from various areas in China were analyzed by isozyrme, cytoplasmic DNA RFLP and nuclear DNA RAPD markers in order to reveal their genetic diversity. Greater comprehensive genetic diversity was detected in wild soybean than in cultivated soybean. The genetic plentifulness and the genetic dispersion of wild soybean were 180 (95. 2％) and 0. 2891 while those of cultivated soybean were 154(81.5％) and 0. 2091,respectively. On the most loci, especially on isozyme loci Idh1, Aph, Idh2,and Dia, cytoplasmic DNA RFLP loci cp Ⅰ , cp Ⅲ, mt Ⅳ a and mt Ⅳ b, and nuclear RAPD loci OPAP4-8, OPAP5-1, OPAP9-8 and OPAP20-8, the wild soybeans djffered remarkably from the cultivated ones in allele frequency. These markers could be used in further study on the evolution and origin of the cultivated soybean.  相似文献   

11.
[目的]为进一步了解剑尾鱼RR-B系的遗传质量,探讨微卫星标记技术在水生实验动物遗传监测中应用的可行性。[方法]选择18个在野生剑尾鱼群体中有多态性的微卫星座位,通过PCR扩增对剑尾鱼RR-B系（红眼红体）遗传质量进行分析。[结果]18个座位在RR-B系30尾个体中均为单态,且都是纯合子,基因纯合率达100％。[结论]18个微卫星座位可作为剑尾鱼RR-B系遗传监测的分子标记;剑尾鱼RR-B系经20多代的近交培育已具有很高的遗传均一性。该研究为水生实验动物分子监测标准的制定提供了基础数据。  相似文献   

12.
【研究目的】利用5个微卫星位点对两个SPF莱航鸡封闭群进行了遗传检测,探讨群体内的遗传多态性,以期为实验用鸡遗传质量监测提供理论依据。【方法】PCR扩增后用ABI-3100Avant全自动基因分析仪进行电泳检测,用Genemapper3.1软件进行片段大小分析,收集电泳结果并进行基因分型。【结果】5个微卫星标记在A、B两个鸡群中共检测到20个等位基因,平均为4个;两个鸡群的平均杂合度为0.6211,平均多态信息含量为0.6663,表明所选标记在SPF莱航鸡群中有较高的多态性;adl176位点的180峰仅出现在A群中,188、191两峰在两个群体中的频率相差极大,可作为品系鉴定的理想引物。【结论】大部分微卫星具有多态性,若进行大范围筛查,必能找到一些特异位点为遗传监测所用。  相似文献   

13.
用微卫星引物对近交系小鼠进行遗传监测   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文
目的 :近交系小鼠广泛地应用于医学和生物学研究领域 ,无品系污染是其基本要求 ,采用 1 0对微卫星引物对 BALB/ C-nu-nu、DBA/ 2、SCID、T73 9、TA2 、6 1 5六种近交系小鼠进行遗传监测 ,试图寻找相关品系遗传监测的基因位点和应用于实际监测。方法 :在确定实验材料符合要求的情况下 ,采用聚合酶链式反应扩增短串联重复序列 ,选择多态性位点作为相关品系的遗传监测标记。结果 :除 1个位点表现为单态性外 ,其余9个微卫星位点表现出多态性 ,其中 D2 Nds3、D3Mit1 5、D3Mit1 7、D3Mit1 8等 4个位点多态性显著 ,这 4个位点适宜用于小鼠遗传监测。上述结果说明微卫星 DNA多态性标记适用于近交系小鼠遗传监测 ,有助于遗传监测从表现型过渡到 DNA水平。  相似文献   

14.
[目的]对洪山鸡进行20个微卫星座位的多态性分析,为对其有效保护和开发利用提供科学依据。[方法]利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳技术,对随机抽取的50只洪山鸡进行20个微卫星标记的多态性检测。[结果]在20个微卫星座位中共检出176个等位基因,平均每对引物可检出8.8个等位基因,基因频率在0.011 1～0.555 6间分布,平均有效等位基因数为5.755 5,平均杂合度为0.791 3,平均多态信息含量为0.781 9。[结论]该研究表明被检测的洪山鸡群遗传变异大,具有丰富的遗传多样性。  相似文献   

15.
[目的]为肉用绵羊的品种资源保护和杂交利用提供理论依据。[方法]利用7个微卫星标记分析国外3个绵羊品种和我国2个地方绵羊品种的遗传多样性,研究其品种内遗传变异和种间遗传关系。[结果]从5个绵羊品种中共检测到105个等位基因,在各群体中每个微卫星座位上均可检测到5个以上等位基因,说明7个微卫星标记含有丰富的遗传信息。位点平均杂合度和品种平均杂合度分别为0.790 1~0.889 7和0.795 1~0.867 5,属于高度杂合位点和高度杂合品种。7个位点均为高度多态位点,PIC为0.762 6~0.879 6,而5个绵羊品种的平均PIC为0.770 3~0.865 0。NJ系统树分析表明3个国外绵羊品种遗传关系较近。[结论]7个微卫星标记均具有高度多态性,可用于绵羊品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系的分析。  相似文献   

16.
［目的］对固始白鹅的遗传多样性进行微卫星标记分析。［方法］利用11个微卫星标记对固始白鹅进行遗传检测,筛选出多态性较好的微卫星位点,用变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法分析这11个微卫星位点在固始白鹅中的遗传变异,计算了微卫星位点的等位基因频率、杂合度、多态信息含量和有效等位基因数。［结果］8个位点在固始白鹅上有较好的多态性,平均每个座位检测到4.25（3～6）个等位基因,平均杂合度为0.597（0.273～0.695）,平均多态信息含量为0.635（0.530～0.769）,平均有效等位基因数为3.3447（2.3830-4.9840）。［结论］为固始白鹅的保种和选育工作提供参考依据。  相似文献   

17.
利用微卫星分析吉富罗非鱼群体的遗传多样性   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
[目的]为吉富罗非鱼种质资源的保护、评价以及育种提供理论依据.[方法]利用微卫星分子标记技术分析广东省化州光辉养殖场有限公司新选育的吉富罗非鱼第16代群体(F16)的遗传多样性.[结果]筛选出的8个微卫星位点在吉富罗非鱼群体中共检测到44个等位基因,各位点的等位基因数为3~8个,平均5.5个,而平均有效等位基因数为4.77个.等位基因片段长度为118~256 bp,平均观测杂合度(H0)为0.8058,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.7292,群体内个体间在不同位点的平均基因多样性为0.7044,群体内平均固定系数(FIS)为-0.2261,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.7044.所检测的8个位点均为高度多态位点(PIC>0.5000).[结论]研究所选用的吉富罗非鱼群体的多态信息含量较丰富,具有较高的遗传异质性和较大的选育空间,可作为下一步选育工作的基础选育群体.  相似文献   

18.
利用微卫星标记分析湖羊GDF8区域的遗传多样性   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
1材料与方法 1．1试验材料与DNA提取2007年,在江苏省苏州市种羊场随机选取成年羊88只,采取耳组织提取DNA,-20℃保存。并记录湖羊的初生重、断奶重和6月龄重。  相似文献   

19.
利用微卫星DNA多态性预测引进肉用绵羊品种杂种优势   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  
【目的】利用微卫星DNA在不同绵羊群体中的多态性预测引进肉用绵羊品种与小尾寒羊的杂种优势。【方法】利用5个微卫星基因座对4个国外引进肉羊品种及小尾寒羊5个群体的等位基因频率、群体多态信息含量、有效等位基因数、杂合度和遗传距离进行了遗传检测，并测定4个引进肉羊与小尾寒的杂交效果。【结果】5个微卫星基因座在白头萨福克、黑头萨福克、道赛特、得克赛儿及小尾寒羊5个群体中存在多态性，可以用于绵羊遗传多样性的评估；从不同品种看，道赛特羊的遗传变异程度最大，而小尾寒羊的遗传变异程度相对较小；经遗传关系分析，在引进的4个肉羊品种中，与小尾寒羊杂交优势由大到小依次为白头萨福克、黑头萨福克、道赛特、得克赛儿，与实际杂种优势测定结果相符。【结论】利用微卫星DNA多态性预测引进肉用绵羊品种与小尾寒羊的杂种优势是可行的，将对今后绵羊育种具有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

20.
[目的]为分析我国大、中型驴品种遗传多样性。[方法]利用24个微卫星标记,对我国8个大、中型驴品种遗传多样性进行了检测。[结果]24个微卫星位点在8个驴品种中的多态信息含量除NVHEQ18为中度多态外,其余23个微卫星均为高度多态,8个驴种的平均PIC（0.6940）、H（0.7119）和E（3.94）,表明基因多态性和遗传多样性相对较高。[结论]这24个微卫星可作为有效的遗传标记用于各驴品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系的分析。我国大、中型驴品种的分子系统发生关系与其育成史和地理分布基本一致。  相似文献   

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