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1.
绵羊用六钩蚴排泄分泌抗原(ES)，原头节ES抗原、原头节可溶性粗抗原，绵羊棘球蚴囊液(SHCF)或囊壁抗原免疫后，和攻击感染虫卵后，应用ELISA，酯酶染色法及瑞氏-姬拇萨染色法研究了血清抗体、T、B淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粗细胞及淋巴细胞的应答反应。初步结果表明，绵羊在感染细粒棘球绦虫虫卵后或抗原免疫后、攻击感染后都表现明显的血清抗体应答反应，T淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞及淋巴细胞数量增加，免疫应答依不同的抗原而具有不同性质。  相似文献   

2.
利用绵羊－犬源细粒棘球绦虫的六钩蚴尾静脉注射感染昆明小鼠10只，每只接种六钩蚴600枚。结果，在接种后62－83d内小鼠全部死亡，剖检死亡小鼠其荷囊量为2－40个。  相似文献   

3.
为建立一种快速、高效的诊断家畜细粒棘球蚴病方法,提取绵羊细粒棘球蚴包囊新鲜囊液,盐析囊液抗原,点样于硝酸纤维膜,以胶体金-驴抗羊IgG和胶体金-兔抗鼠IgG为检测标记物,采用垂直流渗滤装置检测绵羊与人工感染细粒棘球蚴小鼠血清和全血特异性抗体。患病绵羊阳性血清及全血检出率在90.91%~94.4%,细粒棘球蚴感染小鼠血清及全血检出率均为100%;细粒棘球蚴阴性羊血清和全血假阳性率为4.00%~4.59%;与脑多头蚴病血清交叉反应率为28.57%(2/7)。研究结果表明细粒棘球蚴全血金标渗滤法(DIGFA)可应用于绵羊棘球蚴病的诊断与检疫。  相似文献   

4.
一、囊状棘球蚴病(CHD,细粒棘球绦虫) 20年前,当Capron及其同事(1967)用免疫电泳从免疫了细粒棘球蚴囊液的动物血清及感染棘球蚴的病人血清中描述了一条主要沟沉淀带时,他们为囊状棘球蚴病血清学诊断的特异性的“金标准”(Gold Standard)奠定了基础。这条沉淀带,作者们把它称为“弧5”,是生发层及原头节所分泌的一种热稳定脂蛋白抗原抗体应答的结果。这一抗原是迄今为止已鉴定的细粒棘球绦虫中绦期物质中最具免疫原性、最特异的组分(Schantz等,1986;Richard等,1986)。在许多不同地区对数千病例的检测表明,在滴人血清中证实“弧5”是感染细粒棘球绦虫、多房棘球绦虫或伏氏棘球绦虫任一种的直接阳性证据。在Varela—Diaz等(1978)报道感染猪囊尾蚴的病人血清中亦发生“弧5”反应之前,还没有在未  相似文献   

5.
细粒棘球绦虫六钩蚴在体外孵化十四天,培养物经用弗氏不完全佐剂(Freund's incomplete adjuvant)混合浓缩和乳化,然后注入羔羊。之后羔羊对细粒棘球绦虫虫卵食入感染有很强的抵抗力。人工感染时采自免疫羔羊的血清体外试验杀灭六钩蚴非常有效。  相似文献   

6.
细粒棘球绦虫（Echinococcus granulosus,坛）是一种重要的人兽共惠寄生虫。现已报道细粒棘球绦虫有10个基因型（G1～G10）,我国仅发现G1和G6。细粒棘球绦虫六钩蚴阶段的Eg95,原头蚴阶段的EgFABP,成虫阶段的EgM9和Eg31分别被认为是最有前途的用于免疫保护的抗原。其中Eg95基因工程疫苗已经商业化生产,对羊免疫保护率达到了95％以上。  相似文献   

7.
<正>1病因棘球蚴病(包虫病)是细粒棘球绦虫的幼虫阶段,即棘球蚴寄生于藏绵羊肝脏、肺脏等组织器官而引起的一种寄生虫病。该病是一种人畜共患疾病。细粒棘球绦虫虫体长2~6 mm,由一个头节和3~4个节片组成。头节有顶突和四个吸盘,顶突有2列小钩。棘球蚴呈囊包状,大小不一,小的有豌豆粒大,大的有小孩的头大。2感染途经狗是细粒棘球绦虫的终末宿主,人误食含细粒棘球绦虫虫卵的食物或饮水时,同样会感染棘  相似文献   

8.
细粒棘球绦虫排泄分泌抗原研究──原头节排泄分泌抗原的反应原性朱兴全，窦兰清，史晓红，孙学勤，王晓华，牛炳亨（中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所，甘肃７３００４６）笔者的初步研究已阐明，六钩蚴排泄分泌（ＥＳ）抗原具有较好的反应原性，纯化六钩蚴ＥＳ抗原可望能用...  相似文献   

9.
本实验应用体外培养方法制备细粒棘球绦虫六钩蚴排泄分泌（ＥＳ）抗原，应用酶联兔疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）首次对六钩蚴ＥＳ抗原的反庆原性进行了初步分析。以５μｇ／ｍｌ包被反应板分别与已知阳性，阴性血清；人工感染血清；免疫血清；疫区屠宰绵羊血清；肝片吸虫，细颈囊尾蚴以及边虫感染的绵羊添反应，结果表明六钩蚴ＥＳ抗原具有较好的反庆原性。ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００层析以抗原有一定的纯化作用。纯化六钩蚴ＥＳ抗原可  相似文献   

10.
正运用氢溴酸槟榔碱泻下法分别对共和县县辖区内的农牧业结合区、牧业区所饲养的家牧犬进行随机抽样驱虫,并进行粪便查检,调查其不同地区细粒棘球绦虫对家牧犬的感染率和感染强度等。调查结果显示,共和县家牧犬细粒棘球绦虫感染率为52.7%,感染强度较高,而且各地区的感染率和感染强度不同。细粒棘球绦虫(Echinococcus granulosus)是寄生于犬、狐狸、狼等动物小肠中的寄生虫,其幼虫—棘球蚴可寄生于人或多种动物置囊性棘球蚴病,囊性棘球蚴病也称  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

18.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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