共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 500 毫秒
1.
石油污染土壤降解细菌的分离、鉴定及生长条件优化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究石油污染土壤的微生物修复效果,从大庆油田受石油污染的土壤中分离得到特征明显的3株石油降解细菌（编号18、H、21）,这些菌株能以石油为唯一碳源生长,试验通过形态学鉴定以及分子生物学鉴定方法明确了这3株细菌的种属,分别为氧化微杆菌,节细菌和芽孢杆菌。采用单因素试验设计对试验菌株在无机盐培养基中的生长条件进行初步探讨,研究pH值、盐浓度、氮源、磷源等因素对菌株生长的影响。结果表明：H菌株的最适生长条件：pH=7,盐浓度为3%;18菌株的最适生长条件：pH=8,盐浓度为3%;21菌株最适生长条件：pH=7,盐浓度为1%。H、18、21菌株的最适氮源分别为KNO3、NH4NO3、NH4Cl。H菌株的最适磷源K2HPO4：KH2PO4为1:2（双磷源）,18菌株的最适磷源是K2HPO4,21菌株的最适磷源为K2HPO4。 相似文献
2.
铜尾矿废弃地耐铜菌株的筛选及其对重金属抗性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
摘要：通过在固体培养基中加入一定浓度的Cu2+,从铜尾矿废弃地的土样中筛选分离得到一株耐铜菌株。研究结果发现,该菌株最高耐受Cu2+浓度为390 mg?L-1。菌株特性结果表明,该菌株最适生长温度在30℃左右,最适生长pH值为中性,但对渗透压耐受力不是很强。除对Cu2+具有耐性外,该菌对重金属Zn2+、Pb2+也具有较强抗性。 相似文献
3.
乳酸作为一种天然有机酸广泛应用于食品、纺织业、化学和制药工业。为了满足乳酸的市场需求,降低生产成本,筛选高产乳酸菌株并应用于工业生产成为当前研究的重点。本研究从自然酸菜发酵液中分离筛选出一株乳酸高产的乳酸菌11MZ-5-1,发酵72 h时,乳酸含量达(24.88±0.21)g/L。利用生理生化及16S r DNA序列分析法对菌株进行鉴定,构建系统发育树,确定种属地位。结果表明,菌株11MZ-5-1的生长温度范围为20~45℃,最适生长温度为30~37℃;Na Cl耐受浓度为0%~12%,最适生长范围为0%~4%;p H耐受范围为3.5~7.5,最适生长为p H 5.5~6.5。16S r DNA部分序列长度为1438 bp,与干酪乳杆菌Lactobacillus casei str.Zhang相似性最高,达99%。结合形态学观察及理化特性,该菌株鉴定为L.casei。L.casei 11MZ-5-1产酸量高,作为食品发酵剂可以缩短发酵周期,抑制杂菌生长,在乳酸工业生产领域有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
4.
<正>为明确一株高致病力赭绿青霉Penicillium ochrochloron Q-1的生防潜力,西南大学柑桔研究所等单位在室内,测试了不同营养、环境因素及常见杀菌剂、杀虫剂对菌株Q-1的影响,并采用室内毒力测定方法研究了菌株Q-1对不同昆虫的毒力。结果表明,菌株Q-1对营养要求较低,最适生长和产孢培养基分别为淀粉琼脂培养基(SYA)和马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(PDA),最适生长碳源为麦芽糖,最适产孢碳源为葡萄糖,最适生长和产孢氮源均为蛋白胨,最适生长及产孢温 相似文献
5.
为寻求辣椒种植区炭疽病有效的生物防治措施,从病株果实上分离纯化得到一株病原菌,对其进行鉴定生物学特性研究,同时筛选对病原菌具有高效拮抗性的菌株,测定潜在的生防效果。结果表明,托克托县地区辣椒炭疽病是由胶孢炭疽菌引起的,该菌最适生长温度30℃,最适生长pH值7;光暗交替有利于病原菌的生长;在PDA培养基长势较好;拮抗菌对病原菌的生长具有较强的抑制作用,其分泌的物质可有效防治病原菌在果实上的蔓延。 相似文献
6.
为了探求中草药植物内生菌对植物病原菌的抑制作用,采用对峙试验、活体防效测定、革兰氏染色、芽孢染色以及生理生化特性、生长条件测定等方法,研究了从中药白鲜皮中获得的一株内生细菌TS-5对灰霉菌的抑制作用。试验结果表明,此内生细菌对灰霉菌有较强且稳定的抑制作用,在培养皿对峙试验中,抑菌带达10 mm,在活体上对病害的抑制率为33.72%;经形态学观察和生理生化反应,确定此菌株属枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）;其最适生长温度为30℃,最适pH值为7,最佳培养时间为48 h,通气量越大菌株的生长情况越好。 相似文献
7.
鹿蹄草内生真菌生物学特性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
内生真菌对鹿蹄草的生长、抗逆等具有重要意义。笔者对1株鹿蹄草内生真菌R25（Nectria sp.）的生物学特性进行报道,旨在为该菌株在鹿蹄草等园林绿化植物引种驯化中的应用提供依据。研究发现：R25在培养的1～2天生长缓慢,3～10天生长迅速,11天后生长趋于稳定。该菌的适宜生长温度为10～25℃,最适生长温度为20℃;在pH 4.0～8.0之间均能生长,最适生长pH为5.0～6.0;在各光照条件下均能生长,但黑暗对生长更有利;该菌株能利用多种碳、氮源,其中最适碳、氮源分别为葡萄糖、硝酸钾,且在OMA培养基中产孢能力最强。 相似文献
8.
为获得高温高效分解茶渣的菌株。利用高温特殊生境分离方法,从废弃茶渣中分离到有分解茶渣作用的5株菌,其中Fb菌株产生的蛋白酶、纤维素酶的活力均最高。经形态学、生理生化特性以及生长特性等研究,并克隆Fb菌株的16S rDNA基因序列和gyrB基因序列,进行系统发育学分析。结果表明,Fb属贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),可耐受55℃的高温。最适生长条件为：装液量30 mL、摇床转速分120 r/min、培养温度42~45℃、初始pH 5.0~7.0、培养时间16 h、盐度1.0%~6.0%。本研究首次在茶渣中分离筛选出贝莱斯芽抱杆菌,为茶渣开发研究提供理论依据。 相似文献
9.
10.
通过诱变筛选纤溶酶活性高的枯草芽孢杆菌菌株,得到突变株HDBF-N7HN5。使用氦氖激光诱变,设置不同的诱变时间,通过不同的蛋白平板处理,筛选高产突变株并检测纤溶酶活力。实验结果表明,在氦氖激光诱变处理45 min后,最高产突变株纤溶酶活力达到429.89±5.74 IU/mL。突变株经过10次传代培养后,保持稳定的高产纤溶酶特性。纤溶酶粗酶液处理血凝块的绝对溶解率可达到57.74±0.72%,10倍稀释液处理血凝块的绝对溶解率也能达到26.89±0.68%,菌株产生的纤溶酶具有良好的体外溶栓效果。本研究结果既提高了微生物纤溶酶活性,也为该菌株产纤溶酶的产业化提供了依据。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献