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1.
猪生长激素释放因子基因质粒对猪生长发育的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
试验选用 30头杜洛克×太湖和汉普夏×太湖二元杂仔猪 ,平均 4 4日龄断奶 ,体重 (10 .30± 1.80 )kg ,研究了经腿部肌肉注射 0 ,0 .2 5 ,0 .5 ,1.0和 2 .0mg猪生长激素释放因子 (pGRF)基因质粒对猪生产性能、胴体品质和血液参数的影响。试验结果表明 ,pGRF基因质粒对猪不同生长阶段生产性能的影响不同 ,10～ 4 0kg阶段促生长效果好于 4 0～ 10 0kg阶段 ,且促生长效果与剂量有关。相对于促生长效果 ,在猪整个生长阶段pGRF基因质粒对饲料利用率的改善效果更明显。 10 0kg体重屠宰 ,2mg组对胴体品质改善最明显 ,但对肉质无影响 ;血液中GH、IGF I、GRF及血糖浓度和血清尿素氮与对照组均无显著差异 相似文献
2.
肌肉注射高剂量pGRF基因质粒对猪生产性能及血液激素水平影响的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为探讨高剂量注射pGRF基因质粒对动物生产性能及血液激素水平的影响,本试验选取平均体重为(6．78± 0．47)kg的断奶仔猪24头,随机分为3个处理,每个处理4个重复。在试验开始时按不同处理分别注射0、2．2 mg和 4．4mg的pGRF基因质粒。结果表明:注射2．2 mg和4．4 mg的pGRF基因质粒对动物的生产性能具有一定的改善作用(P<0．05或P>0．05),注射高剂量(4．4 mg)pGRF基因质粒相对于2．2 mg剂量并不能进一步改善动物的生产性能。高剂量(4．4 mg)pGRF基因质粒可相对延长其在动物体内的作用时间,可有效提高动物生长后期血浆GRF浓度。高剂量(4．4 mg)的pGRF基因质粒具有促进内源生长抑素(SS)分泌的作用,因而不利于其生物学效应的发挥。 相似文献
3.
为研究猪生长激素释放因子(pGRF)基因质粒对猪胴体性状和肌肉品质的影响,试验选用24头大白×长白二元杂交去势公猪平均体重(17.25±0.62)kg,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,分别经臀部注射0、4.0 mg、6.0 mg和8.0 mg的pGRF基因质粒。结果表明:注射4.0 mg和6.0 mg的pGRF基因质粒有提高猪宰前活重、眼肌面积、屠宰率、胴体直长、胴体斜长及降低背膘厚的趋势,其中6.0 mg组宰前活重和胴体斜长与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05)。注射pGRF基因质粒对猪肌肉品质无显著影响(P0.05)。 相似文献
4.
本研究探讨了银耳孢子发酵物(TSF)及与猪生长激素释放因子(pGRF)基因质粒合用对断奶仔猪生长、部分免疫指标以及肠道菌群的影响,同时与饲用抗生素效果作比较.选用48头(28±2)日龄的断奶D×L×Y三元杂交仔猪,采用单项分类试验设计,按体重相近、性别一致的原则随机分到对照组、抗生素组(吉他霉素40 mg/kg+硫酸抗敌素20 mg/kg)、TSF(4 000 mg/kg)组和TsF(4 000 mg/kg)+pGRF组4个组中,TSF+pGRF组中pGRF基因质粒是在试验开始时于每头猪后腿肌肉注射1 mg.试验期28 d.结果表明:与对照组相比,3组均显著提高了断奶仔猪的日增重(P<0.05)及改善饲料转化效率(P<0.05).添加有TSF的2组较对照组和抗生素组能显著提高血清IL-2浓度(P<0.05)、T淋巴细胞转化率(P<0.05)和血清猪瘟抗体滴度(P<0.05);T淋巴细胞数量也有明显的提高(P=0.10).添加有TSF的2组乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌均显著高于抗生素组(P<0.05),与对照组差异不显著(P=0.07).由结果证明,TSF有促生长的作用,而且效果与吉他霉素+硫酸抗敌素相当;同时TSF还能提高断奶仔猪的免疫功能,优化肠道菌群;TSF与pGRF基因质粒合用有进一步提高生长性能的趋势,但对免疫功能和肠道菌群没有进一步的改善作用. 相似文献
5.
EGF、Gln和pGRF基因质粒对早期断奶仔猪生产性能、免疫功能及相关激素水平的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为探讨表皮生长因子（EGF）、谷氨酰胺（Gln）和pGRF基因质粒不同组合形式对早期断奶仔猪生产性能、免疫功能及相关激素（皮质醇、生长激素）分泌的影响，选择同日龄断奶仔猪42头，随机分为7个处理，每个处理3个重复，每个重复2头猪，做一对比试验，试验期21d。结果表明，EGF、Gln和pGRF基因质粒的不同组合形式在促进仔猪生长、增强免疫功能及调节激素分泌方面均表现出良好效果，其中以三者联合使用的效果最为突出：仔猪末重和全期日增重分别提高48．02％（P〈0．01）与1．68倍（P〈0．01），料肉比降低50．75％（P〈0．01）；日粮粗蛋白表观消化率增加1．13倍（P〈0．01）；毛色分数提高14．03（P〈0．05），而且全期未发生腹泻，其作用远优于两两组合及各自单独使用。对免疫功能的调节效果以EGF＋pGRF基因质粒和EGF＋G1n＋pGRF基因质粒两种组合形式较为明显：断奶后第1周，试验组血清IgG水平分别比对照组增加11．71％（P〈0．05）和11．24％（P〈0．1）；第2周则分别减少9．53％（P〈0．01）和5．06％（P〈0．1）。对仔猪内分泌的影响，亦以三者联合使用的作用最为显著：其血清皮质醇水平在断奶后1～2周分别比pGRF基因质粒单独使用及其与EGF两者合用降低40．40％和88．57％；生长激素水平的变化与皮质醇呈相反趋势，但变化规律与皮质醇相似。 相似文献
6.
生长肥育猪骨骼肌注射表达pGRF基因质粒的效应研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
将猪的GRF基因表达质粒注射于猪的骨骼肌后,研究其促生长效应与机理。选用始重6.3kg的44头去势长白×太湖仔猪,分6组,采用2×3因子安排的完全随机区组设计,按6～10kg、10～20kg、20～50kg、50～100kg4个阶段饲养。4个饲养阶段的饲粮低蛋白水平分别是20.70%,17.90%,15.03%,13.00%;高蛋白水平分别是23.70%,20.90%,18.02%,16.00%。pGRF基因质粒注射剂量设0mg、0.5mg、1.0mg3个水平,于试验开始与试验猪体重达60kg时共注射基因质粒2次。测定各阶段日增重,饲料消耗量,耗料增重比以及30、70、100kg时血液中GH、GRF、IGF-I的浓度。100kg时屠宰进行胴体品质测定。结果表明:饲粮蛋白水平对各阶段及全期试验猪日增重均有显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),对50～100kg阶段与全期日采食量和耗料增重比有显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01)。注射pGRF基因质粒对各阶段及全期日增重均有显著影响(P<0.05),对6～10kg、10～20kg、50～100kg3阶段及全期日采食量有显著影响(P<0.05),对6～10kg阶段、50～100kg阶段及全期耗料增重比有显著影响(P<0.05)。注射pGRF基因质粒对30kg及70kg体重时猪血液中GRF、GH、IGF-I浓度均有显著影响(P<0.05)。提高饲粮蛋白水平与注射pGRF基因质粒均可明显降低超声波测膘厚及屠宰测膘厚、增大眼肌面积(P<0.05)。 相似文献
7.
注射pGRF基因质粒对由脂多糖或三联疫苗诱导的免疫应激仔猪生长和免疫指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究猪生长激素释放因子(pGRF)基因质粒对由脂多糖或三联苗诱导的免疫应激仔猪生长性能和免疫指标的影响,选用36头(28±2)d断奶的杜长大(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire,DLY)三元杂交仔猪,按体重相近、阎公猪和母猪各1/2的原则,分为对照组(不注射pGRF基因质粒、大肠杆菌LPS或三联苗)、注射pGRF组、注射脂多糖(LPS)组、注射pGRF+LPS组、注射三联疫苗组(猪瘟兔化弱毒,猪丹毒杆菌G4T10弱毒,猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌E0630弱毒)和注射pGRF+三联疫苗6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复1头猪.试验开始时,pGRF组、pGRF+LPS组、pGRF+三联疫苗组的仔猪大腿肌肉分别注射1.0 mg pGRF基因质粒;试验的第11天给LPS组、pGRF+LPS组仔猪注射100 ug/kg LPS生理盐水溶液,三联疫苗组以及pGRF+三联疫苗组注射2头份三联苗生理盐水溶液,对照组和pGRF组注射生理盐水;第18天时按照第11天的操作重复进行.结果表明,在2次注射LPS或三联苗后,即10～17 d和17～24 d阶段,pGRF+LPS组仔猪的ADG显著(10～17 d,P<0.05)或极显著(17～24 d,P<0.01)高于LPS组,F/G均显著低于LPS组(P<0.05);pGRF+疫苗组仔猪ADG均显著高于疫苗组(P<0.05),F/G显著低于疫苗组(P<0.05).在第11天和第18天,pGRF+LPS组仔猪的血清细胞因子(IL-1、IL-6)水平均极显著低于LPS组(P<0.01),类胰岛素生长因子(IGF-I)和IgG浓度均极显著高于LPS组(P<0.01);pGRF+疫苗组仔猪的血清IL-1和IL-6浓度显著低于疫苗组(P<0.05),lgG浓度极显著(11 d,P<0.01)或显著(18 d,P<0.05)高于疫苗组,IGF-I浓度显著(11 d,P<0.05)或极显著(18 d,P<0.01)高于疫苗组.证明pGRF基因质粒能缓解由LPS或三联疫苗免疫应激引起的仔猪生长抑制;能够抑制由脂多糖或三联苗诱导的血清IL-1和IL-6浓度的上升和血清IGF-I浓度的降低,同时能提高免疫应激仔猪的血清IgG浓度. 相似文献
8.
猪生长激素释放因子基因对早期断奶仔猪生产性能、免疫功能及消化道发育的影响 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
为探讨注射猪生长激素释放因子基因 (pGRF)对早期断奶仔猪生产性能、肠粘膜及免疫功能的影响 ,选取 4周龄杜长大同窝断奶仔猪 8头 (6 .2 7± 1 .1 9kg) ,等分为两组 ,日粮分高、低两个水平 ,做一对比试验 ,试验期 2 1天。结果表明 :断奶后注射组仔猪ADG第 1、2周及 1～ 2周分别增加 2 8.57g、2 5 .0 1g和 2 6 .79g ;饲料转化率 1、2周分别提高 33 .80 %和 1 7.33 % ;N沉积率第 1、2及 1～ 2周分别增加 3 .67%与 5 .1 3 %和 1 6 .96 % ;绒毛长度增加 1 9.71 % ;血清IgG含量在断奶时、第 1周末和第 2周末分别增加 3 .82 %、9.90 %和 8.1 9%。 相似文献
9.
硝呋烯腙对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用 1 80头 2 8日龄三元杂交 (杜×长×大 )断奶仔猪 ,平均体重约为 7.0kg ,小母猪和去势公猪各占一半 ,按性别和体重随机分为 6组 ,每组 3个重复 ,每个重复 1 0头猪。各组基础日粮一致。对照组 (第 1组 )饲喂基础日粮 ;试验组按 2～ 6组分别添加 90mg kg的喹乙醇、2 0mg kg的速大肥、1 0mg kg的硝呋烯腙、2 5mg kg硝呋烯腙和 50mg kg的硝呋烯腙于基础日粮中。试验结果表明 ,试验组第 5组效果最好 ,较对照组日增重提高了 34 .9% (P <0 .0 5) ,饲料转化率提高了 2 0 .9% (P <0 .0 5) ,腹泻率降低了 76 .3 % (P <0 .0 5) ;第 2组、第 3组、第 4组、第 6组与对照组相比差异均不显著(P >0 .0 5) .第 5组与第 2组相比 ,日增重提高了 2 1 .6 % (P <0 .0 5) ,饲料转化率提高了 1 8.9% (P <0 .0 5) ,腹泻率降低了72 .3 % (P <0 .0 5) ;试验组第 2组～第 6组与对照组相比 ,采食量差异均不显著 相似文献
10.
旨在研究pGRF基因质粒对免疫应激断奶仔猪生长的影响,探讨pGRF基因质粒缓解免疫应激引起的生长抑制作用及其可能的机理。选取18头日龄为（35±2）d、体质量为（7.86±0.59）kg未去势的杜洛克×长白×大白（DLY）三元杂交断奶仔猪,采用单向分类试验设计,按体质量相近、性别一致的原则配对,分为3个处理,即pGRF（pGRF基因质粒）组、pGRF＋LPS（脂多糖）组和LPS组,每个处理6个重复,每个重复1头猪。结果表明：pGRF基因质粒可以缓解因注射LPS导致的日增质量的降低（P〈0.05）,饲料转化率有所改善（P〉0.05）;能够抑制由LPS诱导的细胞因子（IL-1I、L-6）浓度的上升（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）和血清IGF-I浓度的降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,同时显著提高血清IgG的浓度（P〈0.05）。结论：pGRF基因质粒缓解了断奶仔猪因注射脂多糖引起的生长抑制,降低了血清IL-1和IL-6的水平,提高了血清IgG的浓度,提高了仔猪的抗病力,从而缓解了断奶仔猪的免疫应激;pGRF基因质粒缓解免疫应激的作用与其促进IGF-I的分泌密切相关。 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
13.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
14.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献